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Small world: International factual programming on public service channels (2023-24)

Contains 8 tables, 5 figures

"This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the UK’s Public Service Broadcasters (PSBs) in covering global events through current affairs and other factual programmes on television channels. To achieve this, we analysed the volume, originality, scheduling, genre, and geographic focus of international (non-news) factual programmes broadcast on the main seven UK public service channels – BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three, BBC Four, ITV 1, Channel 4 and Channel 5 – in 2023 and 2024. Our most striking finding is that well over half of all international factual programmes were travelogues. This genre was especially common on ITV 1, Channel 5, BBC Four and BBC Two. However, we also identified a distinct lack of diversity amongst the presenters of these programmes. Nine of the ten most frequently appearing presenters of international travelogues were men. The only woman to feature on this top ten list was the singer and television presenter, Jane McDonald, who presented programmes such as Jane McDonald: Lost in Japan on Channel 5. The journalist and broadcaster, Clive Myrie was the only non-white presenter in the top ten. We also find that international factual programmes were very heavily concentrated on a small number of countries. Two thirds of international factual programming in our sample focussed on just 15 countries – with the USA, Italy and Spain receiving the most coverage – primarily in the form of travelogues. Although the conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza both received a significant amount of coverage in documentaries and current affairs programmes, 35 countries experiencing humanitarian crises collectively received just 6.5% of all international factual programming across both years. Chad, the Central African Republic and Burundi received no coverage at all. In 2024, approximately six million people in Chad needed humanitarian assistance due to a protracted and multidimensional humanitarian crisis." (Executive summary)
"In this study, we analysed all international factual programming broadcast on the seven UK public service channels – BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three, BBC Four, ITV 1, Channel 4 and Channel 5 – in 2023 and 2024. Programmes were considered international if the principal themes addressed by the programme related explicitly and directly to a country or countries outside the UK. In general, this included all factual programmes filmed on location outside the UK, unless the focus was primarily on the experiences of UK citizens oversees (such as holiday, relocation and renovation programmes). [...] Factual programming included all non-fictional programmes in the genres of current affairs, documentaries, factual entertainment (reality shows) and travelogues. Excluded from this study were all programming in the genres of news, arts and classical music, religious and ethics, drama, soaps, films, entertainment, comedy, sports, and children’s – as defined by Ofcom. International factual programming which focussed exclusively on natural history were also excluded, as were lifestyle programmes including relocation and holiday shows. Purely historical programmes, using archive footage, were also excluded because our focus is on the programmes which inform audiences about the contemporary world. We were unable to include some current affairs programmes such as Newsnight, as the information about countries covered and time devoted to international issues was typically not available from the Electronic Programme Guides (EPGs)." (Methodology)
Key characteristics of international factual programming by channel -- Volume of international factual programming -- Genres of international factual programming -- Countries and regions of the world featured --