"El objetivo del presente documento es brindar a los periodistas una herramienta práctica para ejercer vigilancia a los procesos de contrataciones públicas. El énfasis está en el trabajo con bases de datos, en tanto la información que se genera como producto de los actos de contratación en los
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tres niveles de gobierno es muy voluminosa; por lo tanto, es necesario que el periodista desarrolle habilidades y métodos de trabajo que le permitan procesar y analizar este tipo de información en el menor tiempo posible, para identificar actos o patrones anómalos que puedan ser materia de denuncia pública." (Presentación)
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"This paper investigates open public data and data sharing reforms in Australia (2018–2022) and their potential role in deepening the ‘data divide’. In the contemporary datafied welfare state, open public data and data sharing are increasingly vexed issues in times of data-driven artificial in
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telligence (AI). We scrutinise public consultation surrounding the establishment of the Australian Data Availability and Transparency Act 2022 (DAT Act). Through topic modelling and critical discourse analysis, the study examines the representation and concerns of marginalised groups in the reform process. We highlight the overlooked role of non-profits and civil society in the public data ecosystem. The analysis emphasises the significant yet unacknowledged contributions of these organisations in advocating for data equity and justice. We argue that responsible and equitable public data practices do not just depend on administrative and technical procedures for data sharing but are fundamentally entwined with the social and institutional hierarchies in which public data is produced and used. The study calls for greater inclusion and support for civil society organisations to bridge the data divide, contributing to broader debates on the merits and challenges of open data and data sharing practices within a data justice framework." (Abstract)
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"A travers les 39 pays sondés en 2021/2023, la majorité des Africains sont favorables à l'accès du public à des informations telles que les budgets des collectivités locales, les appels d'offres et les contrats des collectivités locales, et même les salaires des fonctionnaires et des enseign
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ants. Cependant, même si la demande d'informations publiques est élevée, peu de citoyens pensent pouvoir obtenir ces informations. Si les fonctionnaires justifient le maintien du secret de l'information, les données montrent que l'accès à l'information est étroitement lié à la perception de la corruption et à la confiance : Les citoyens sont plus susceptibles de considérer leurs dirigeants élus comme corrompus et moins susceptibles de leur faire confiance dans les pays où l'accès à l'information est considérée difficile." (Résumé, Pages 1-2)
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"Across 39 countries surveyed in 2021/2023, a majority of Africans express support for public access to information such as local government budgets, local government bids and contracts, and even the salaries of public officials and teachers. But although demand for public information is high, few c
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itizens think they could obtain such information. While public officials may argue in favour of keeping information secret, the data show that access to information is strongly associated with perceptions of corruption and trust: Citizens are more likely to view their elected leaders as corrupt, and less likely to trust them, in countries where access to information is perceived to be difficult." (Summary, Pages 1-2)
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"Findings from the most recent Afrobarometer survey, in late 2022, show that most South Africans say the media should act as a watchdog over the government, constantly investigating and reporting on government mistakes and corruption. Citizens value media freedom and reject the notion that the gover
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nment should be able to prevent publications it disapproves of. Most citizens say the public and the media should have access to information held by public authorities, such as budgets and contracts. And a strong majority say South Africa’s media today is at least “somewhat” free. Television is the most popular news source in South Africa, but radio and social media also play a vital role, regularly providing news to more than seven in 10 citizens." (summary)
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"About three-quarters (76%) of Batswana say the media should "constantly investigate and report on government mistakes and corruption." A similar share (77%) insist on media freedom, while 20% say the government should have the right to prevent the publication of things it disapproves of. In particu
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lar, strong majorities endorse the proposition that specific types of information be made publicly available, including information regarding budgets and expenditures for local government councils (88%) and bids and contracts for government-funded projects or purchases (88%). Half (50%) of those surveyed support making the salaries of teachers and local government officials public. About half (49%) say the country's media is "somewhat free" or "completely free" to report and comment on the news without government interference. Radio is the most popular source of news in Botswana, used at least "a few times a week" by two-thirds (67%) of citizens. Social media (47%) and television (41%) beat out the Internet (36%) and newspapers (29%) as regular news sources." (Key findings)
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"According to the most recent Afrobarometer survey, in late 2022, Emaswati broadly agree that the media should act as a watchdog over the government, exposing government missteps and wrongdoing. Citizens value media freedom and reject the notion that public information should be the exclusive preser
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ve of government officials. However, most believe that media freedom does not exist in practice in their country. Television and radio are the most popular news sources in Eswatini, but the Internet and social media are favoured, too, especially by youth, urban residents, and more educated citizens." (Summary, pages 1-2)
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"The Taliban have revoked and suspended laws that included the right to access information and freedom of expression, and currently there is no effective legal mechanism to protect media outlets and journalists against interference and intimidation. This has led to widespread violation of the right
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to freedom of expression and access to information and has eliminated the ability of citizens to participate in government decision-making that impacts their lives. The findings of this report indicate that the Taliban, with complete disregard to Afghanistan’s international human rights commitments and the country’s pre-Taliban laws, have engaged in suppressing freedom of expression and media using various tools and methods, particularly imposing unlawful and discriminatory restrictions on women journalists. Currently, only a few women journalists are working with the media, conditional upon fully complying with the conditions set by the Taliban’s Ministry of Propagation of Virtue and Prevention of vice (MPVPV). In addition to this, the Taliban have engaged in persistent harassment and intimidation of media, arbitrary detention and torture of journalists, the detention and killing of protesters and imposing extensive restrictions on the activities of libraries, bookstores, and publishers. The provincial departments of MPVPV, Ministry of Information & Culture (MoIC), General Directorate of Intelligence (GDI), and Police Directorates are among the key institutions involved in suppression of freedom of expression and access to information. The Taliban have also dismantled accountability mechanisms such as independent judiciary, independent anti-corruption bodies and prevent media’s access to information on national budget expenditure, thus leading to administrative and financial corruption." (Introduction)
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"What kind of “democracy” do new government-led digital initiatives facilitate? This paper discusses the issue by investigating the open government data policy in Taiwan in the 2010s, asking whether the policy encouraged “strong democracy.” Using interviews, written records, and an analysis
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of platform design, I argue that the implementation of Taiwan’s open data policy has not institutionalized the engagement of civil society groups or ordinary citizens in government decision-making processes, which is at odds with the claims that open government data encourages “strong democracy.”Instead, open government data in Taiwan has facilitated monitorial democracy, which presupposes watchful but not active citizens, and neoliberal democracy, which presupposes profit-pursuing citizens. Both are more in line with “thin democracy,” which focuses more on individual rights and private interests than on participation and political community. The finding sheds light on why conservative governments around the world often embrace open government initiatives." (Abstract)
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"Based on Articles 10 and 13 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) as an entry-point and building on recent developments in international human rights and multi-stakeholder initiatives focusing on anticorruption, transparency and openness, this Guide documents the importance of
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access to information (ATI) at the transnational and national levels to support efforts preventing corruption, showcasing both existing and emerging practices. It presents examples of how proactive disclosure and reactive disclosure of information support anticorruption efforts in terms of prevention and investigation. ATI is at the heart of many international and sector-based initiatives that build on citizens’ participation to improve accountability and increase transparency in public life. The Guide is an abbreviated version of ARTICLE 19’s detailed guide, published in 2022. It presents to all anti-corruption practitioners’ examples and initiatives initiated by States Parties to the UNCAC, international organizations, civil society organizations, and the private sector to promote ATI. It also exhibits how their combined or individual efforts contribute to fighting corruption and increasing transparency." (Introduction)
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"The first part of these guidelines describes specific stakes related to Public Sector Information and Data (PSID) Access. It starts by defining PSID and their typology, continues by positioning their access at the heart of RTI, and stresses its role in giving a new boost to GPDI promotion. PSID dis
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closure and dissemination multidimensional values, are then described from governance, social, cultural, economic perspectives. Ubiquitous and intelligent technologies’ Impact on PSID is discussed at the end of this part. The second part highlights main issues to consider while developing and promoting PSID access, and how to address them. The focus is put on components necessary to any normative framework for a broader, trustworthy and inclusive disclosure, namely its constitutional basis, strategic levers, legal foundations, and structures to support PSID requests and appeals. Other dire ctives are also proposed to ensure a serene and sustainable PSID disclosure, such as balancing PSID access and privacy, proactive release, intellectual property protection, and request algorithms transparency. This part describes also how set-up and reinforce institutional capacities to oversee access to information, as well as practices and directives necessary to manage PSID resources." (Introduction, page 10)
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"This desk review report provides an overview of data governance in Africa, exploring policy frameworks, implementation challenges, regional collaborations, capacity building, governmental initiatives, civil society engagement, and academia's role. The continent's increasing reliance on digital syst
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ems has spurred a surge in data production, necessitating robust governance frameworks. While progress is evident with the enactment of data protection laws and establishment of regulatory bodies, implementation challenges persist due to resource constraints and political complexities.
Regional collaborations within Africa, particularly among East African Community (EAC), Southern African Development Community (SADC), and Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), manifest a collective recognition of the importance of data governance. These collaborations offer guidance and promote policy enactments, shaping data protection laws and enhancing responsible data practices across member states.
Amidst the evolving data governance landscape, capacity building emerges as a critical aspect, spotlighting the need for nurturing skills in data management, analysis, and ethics. Challenges within educational infrastructure and workforce training gaps present barriers in fostering a skilled workforce capable of effective data governance practices.
Initiatives on data governance take on several forms notably through government endeavours such as the implementation of pivotal systems like the Health Management Information System, Integrated Revenue Administration System and Labour Market Information System among others. Furthermore, Civil Society Initiatives, including efforts from various organisations advocating for data privacy and open data, and initiatives in academia, such as Education Management Information Systems, significantly contribute to advancing ethical data practices and transparent data access." (Executive summary)
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