Filter
432
Featured
Free Access
280
Inspiring Practice
2
Key Guidance
4
Quick Overview
1
Top Insights
19
Topics
Media Concentration
79
Media Ownership
67
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
65
Media Markets
49
Creative & Cultural Industries
47
Political Economy of Media
38
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
37
Economics of Media
36
Media Industries
36
Advertising Markets & Industries
35
Television Markets
31
Copyright Law
29
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
28
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
27
Media Law & Regulation
26
Press Markets
24
Film Markets
20
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
20
Film Industries
19
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
19
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
15
Radio Markets
15
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
15
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
14
Media & Communication Policies
14
Newspapers
12
Financing Digital / Online Media
11
Music Industries & Markets
11
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
11
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
11
Media Use, Media Consumption
10
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
10
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
10
Government Advertising, State Advertising
9
Digital Media Markets
9
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
9
Television Industries
8
Globalisation of Media
8
Financing Press & Print Media
8
Politics and Media
8
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
7
Media Management
7
Advertising
6
Audiences & Users
6
National Cinemas, National Film Production
6
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
6
Freedom of Expression
6
State Influence on the Media
6
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
6
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
6
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
6
Television Economics
6
Media Assistance
6
Television Law & Regulation
6
Democracy / Democratization and Media
6
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
5
African Cinema
5
Television Programme & Format Trade
5
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
5
Alternative Communication & Media
5
Culture and Development
5
Digital Media Startups
5
Digital Media Management, Online Media Management
5
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
5
Music Markets
5
COVID-19 Communication
5
Journalism
5
Financing Journalism
5
Local Communication & Media
5
Public Media, State Media
5
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
4
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
4
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
4
Film Distribution
4
Film Production Companies
4
Latin American Cinema
4
Cultural Policies
4
Convergence of Media
4
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
4
Video Markets
4
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
4
Election Reporting
4
Media Development Indicators
4
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
4
Television Landscapes
4
Radio Law & Regulation
4
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
4
Public & State Television
4
Radio
4
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
3
Advertising Agencies
3
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
3
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
3
Book Markets & Industries
3
Community Media Financing & Sustainability
3
Cultural Cooperation (Development Aid)
3
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
3
ICT Industries & Markets
3
Digital Economies & Markets
3
Media Clusters
3
Press Industries
3
Media Market Transparency
3
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
3
Neoliberalism
3
Gaming, Video Games
3
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
3
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
3
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
3
History of Media: 20th Century
3
Journalistic Quality
3
Local Journalism
3
News Agencies
3
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
3
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
3
Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
3
Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
3
Media, Mass Media
3
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
3
Crowdfunding
3
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
3
Political Transition and Media
3
Newspaper Economics
3
Public Service Broadcasting
3
Theories of Change
3
Television
3
Commercial Television
3
Television Channels
3
Digital Advertising, Online Advertising
2
Television Advertising
2
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
2
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
2
Audience Research
2
Media Use: Entertainment
2
Print Media Use, Press Readers
2
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
2
Election Campaigns
2
Asian Cinema
2
Feature Films
2
Nollywood
2
Film Production
2
History of Film & Cinema
2
Editorial Independence
2
Intellectual Property
2
Plagiarism
2
Media / Communication Control
2
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
2
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
2
Community Radios
2
Popular Art, Folk Art, Handicrafts
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
2
Communication for Local Development
2
Development and Media
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
2
Podcasts
2
Streaming Media
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
Software Industries
2
Media Conglomerates
2
Media Competition
2
Press Distribution
2
Printing Industries
2
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
2
Financing Radio
2
Financing Television
2
Video on Demand
2
Small Enterprises, Micro Businesses, Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
2
Foreign Investments
2
Sports Reporting
2
Television Dramas
2
History of Media & Communication
2
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
2
Foreign Television Programmes
2
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
2
Journalism Education & Training
2
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
2
Business & Economics Journalism
2
Local Press
2
Media Assistance Donors: Foundations & Private Donors
2
Press Landscapes
2
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
2
Licensing of Media
2
Corporate Strategies
2
Financing Public Service Media
2
Broadcasting Companies
2
Print Media Management
2
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
2
Press
2
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
2
Research in Media & Communication
2
Communication & Media Indicators
2
Television Production Companies
2
Print Media Advertising
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Lobbying
1
Agriculture
1
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Book Publishing
1
Book Trade & Distribution
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
1
Christian Radios: Evangelical / Protestant & Others
1
Christian Television
1
Pentecostal Churches & Communication
1
Cinema
1
Aesthetics in Film & Visual Communication
1
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
1
Film Associations, Film Organizations
1
Film Festivals
1
Film Financing
1
Film Budgeting & Production Costs
1
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
1
Film Marketing
1
Media Assistance: Film Funding
1
Transnational Film Co-Productions
1
Videos
1
Communication Rights
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Economic Factors
1
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
1
Self-Censorship
1
Social Media Marketing & Digital Public Relations
1
Press Releases & Press Conferences
1
Transnational Public Relations Agencies & Consortia
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Media
1
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Violence in the Media
1
War Reporting
1
Media Criticism
1
Media Quality
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
1
Cultural Diversity
1
Cultural Goods
1
Cultural Identity
1
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
1
Museums
1
National Character
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Media Initiatives (Case Studies)
1
Media Assistance: Digital Journalism & Social Media
1
Multimedia Products & Production
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Digital Financial Services, Mobile Banking, Mobile Payphone Business
1
Online Media & Internet Economics
1
Digital Market Concentration
1
Online News
1
Facebook
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
TikTok
1
WhatsApp
1
Information Society
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Hispanic Americans, Hispanic Media
1
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Documentation Systems
1
Commercial Broadcasting
1
Film Economics
1
Media Commercialisation
1
Radio Industries
1
Competition, Competition Analysis
1
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
1
Cross-Media Ownership
1
Radio Economics
1
Economic Conditions
1
Big Enterprises
1
Small-Scale Industries
1
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
1
Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
1
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
1
Sustainable Development
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Journalism Ethics
1
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
1
Associations
1
Events
1
Good Practice Examples
1
History of Media: 19th Century
1
History of Radio
1
History of Television
1
History of the Press
1
International Communication
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
1
International Media
1
International Media & Communication Policies
1
World Information and Communication Order
1
Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
1
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
1
Transnational Communication
1
Transnational Television Co-Productions, International Television Co-Productions
1
Mercosur
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
Associations & Networks of Journalists
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Investigative Journalism
1
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Television News
1
Political Reporting
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Spanish Language
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
Local Television
1
Media Assistance: Business & Economics Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Citizen Participation & Civil Society
1
Media Assistance: Dependency of Recipients
1
Media Assistance: Donor Organizations
1
Media Assistance: Local Journalism & Media
1
Media Assistance: Press
1
Media Assistance: Radio
1
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
1
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
1
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
1
Media Privatization
1
Television Policies
1
Media System Analyses & Typologies
1
Radio Landscapes
1
Media Governance
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Budgeting, Cost Calculation, Financial Planning
1
Human Resources Development, Personnel Management
1
Knowledge Sharing & Transfer
1
Low-Cost Solutions, Low Budget Calculation
1
Newspaper Management
1
Nonprofit Media Management
1
Radio Management
1
Starting Media Outlets, Creation of Digital Businesses
1
Television Management
1
Far Eastern Economic Review
1
PRISA (Spain)
1
Music
1
Popular Music
1
Capitalism
1
Democracy
1
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
1
Democratization
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Influence of Media on Politics
1
Public Opinion
1
Public Spheres
1
Magazines
1
Yellow Press
1
Television Production
1
Sustainability
1
Institutional Sustainability
1
Project Sustainability
1
Commercial Radios
1
B92 (Radio Station, Belgrade)
1
Media Effects
1
Manipulation
1
Social Functions & Effects of the Media
1
Muslim Television Broadcasting
1
Religious Television Programmes
1
Research Methods
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Apartheid
1
Social Classes
1
Society & Media, Media Sociology
1
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
1
Digital Television
1
Printing, Print Production, Print Technologies
1
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
1
Television Engineering & Technologies
1
Cable Television
1
Pay TV, Pay Television
1
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
1
Televisa (Television Channel, Mexico)
1
Television Networks
1
Television Programmes & Genres
1
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Safeguarding Media Freedom in the Age of Big Tech Platforms and AI: Policy Manual
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2025), 147 pp.
"With this Policy Manual, we provide guidance for building an information space free from oligopolistic control, resilient to manipulation, and supportive of independent, pluralistic media. This Policy Manual proposes both structural reforms and targeted mitigation measures – focusing on media vis
...
Medienmonopole in defekten Demokratien: Media Governance und die Aushandlung von Pluralismus in Italien und Mexiko
Baden-Baden: Nomos, Ed. Fischer (2011), 303 pp.
Medienoligarchen: Chancen und Grenzen für die Pressefreiheit in der Ukraine. Eine Fallstudie
Köln: Herbert von Halem Verlag (2008), 263 pp.
"Der als Revolution in Orange bezeichnete Widerstand Ende 2004 bot auch die Chance für eine einschneidende Veränderung der staatlichen Strukturen in der Ukraine. Eine Entwicklung hin zu einer demokratischen Gesellschaftsordnung, die mit konsolidierten Demokratien Ostmitteleuropas vergleichbar wär
...
A Revenue Based Methodology for the Classification and Comparison of Broadcasting Systems
Berlin; Münster: Lit (2007), 88 pp.
"This book offers a methodology for the classification and comparison of broadcasting systems, both for positive and normative analyses. It is based on the assumption that the revenue structures of broadcasters determine the incentives for the broadcasters' staffs, and that these incentives in tur
...
Medienökonomie: Eine Einführung mit Leitfragen
Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 2., erw. Aufl. (2025), xiii, 317 pp.
"Anhand von 13 Leitfragen führt dieses Open-Access-Lehrbuch in die Medienökonomie ein und stellt wesentliche Konzepte und Perspektiven vor. In den Antworten werden die in den Fragen aufgeworfenen Phänomene und Problemstellungen kontextualisiert und die jeweils involvierten Akteure, Theorien und E
...
Africa Entertainment & Media Outlook 2024–2028: Resilience and Reinvetion
PwC (2025), 20 pp.
Big Tech Must Go! Digital Giants are Destroying our Democracies and Economies. We will stop them
Top Insights
Frankfurt; Chicago: Campus Verlag;University of Chicago Press (2025), 285 pp.
"Digital monopolies shape ever larger parts of our lives. The platforms are increasingly controlling the public formation of political opinion and at the same time abolishing our free market economy. Digital expert Martin Andree shows in detail how far the hostile takeover of our society by the tech
...
The Media Economy
New York; London: Routledge, 3rd ed. (2024), xi, 207 pp.
"This fully updated third edition analyzes the media industries and their activities from macro to micro levels, using concepts and theories to demonstrate the role the media plays in the economy as a whole. This textbook breaks new ground through its analysis of the rapidly changing and evolving me
...
[Pauta oficial]
Páginas para la Libertad de Expresión (FLIP, Colombia), issue 8 (2024), 32 pp.
"El concepto de publicidad oficial abarca todo lo relacionado con las comunicaciones de las entidades territoriales. No solo se trata del dinero que gastan para publicar en los medios de comunicación con anuncios de su gestión. Incluye el dinero destinado a vallas, pancartas, volantes o cuñas, ha
...
The Invisible Hand of Media Censorship in the Balkans: A Closer Look at Media Ownership in the Balkans and the European Media Freedom Act
Balkan Free Media Initiative (BFMI) (2024), 80 pp.
The Media Viability Manifesto: A Common Framework for Joint Action
Key Guidance
Bonn et al.: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie;Media Viability Manifesto Initiative (2024), 33 pp.
"The Media Viability Manifesto (MVM) provides an urgently needed common framework for joint action from the global media development community. Its aim is three-pronged: To foster conceptual clarity, to strengthen strategic collaboration between multiple stakeholders, and to align practical implemen
...
Manifiesto sobre la Viabilidad de los Medios de comunicación: Un marco común para la acción conjunta
Key Guidance
Bonn et al.: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie;Media Viability Manifesto Initiative;UNESCO IPDC (2024), 37 pp.
"El Manifiesto sobre la Viabilidad de los Medios de comunicación (MVM, por sus siglas en inglés) proporciona un marco común, urgentemente necesario, para la acción conjunta de la comunidad mundial de desarrollo de los medios. Su objetivo es triple: fomentar la claridad conceptual, reforzar la co
...
Manifeste sur la viabilité des médias: Un cadre commun pour une action conjointe
Key Guidance
Bonn et al.: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie;Media Viability Manifesto Initiative;UNESCO IPDC (2024), 37 pp.
"Le Manifeste sur la viabilité des médias (MVM) établit un cadre commun, dont le besoin est urgent, pour une action conjointe de la part de la communauté mondiale du développement des médias. Son objectif est triple : Promouvoir une vision claire, renforcer la collaboration stratégique entre
...
Media Viability in Southern Africa: An Exploratory Study
Harare: Media Monitors;UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa (2024), 51 pp.
"[...] Media Monitors conducted interviews with managers from six news outlets in six countries across Southern Africa. The study revealed that media viability challenges in the region stem from insufficient funding due to declining advertising and audience markets. The shift in audience consumption
...
Financial transparency of media 2023
Media Development Foundation (MDF);Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2024), 43 pp.
Media ownership and control in Europe: A multidimensional approach
European Journal of Communication, volume 39, issue 5 (2024), pp. 498-511
"This article introduces the multidimensional approach to media ownership and control adopted by the Euromedia Ownership Monitor (EurOMo). This monitor emerged as a response to a call of the EU Commission to set up an instrument to improve transparency in media ownership and control. After consideri
...
Media property: Mapping the field and future trajectories in the digital age
European Journal of Communication, volume 39, issue 5 (2024), pp. 412-425
"Ownership has been a core research theme in parts of media and communication science since its establishment as a distinct research field. In particular, scholars in the field of political economy of the media, media sociology and media industry studies typically pay close attention to the role own
...
Does Media Ownership Matter for Journalistic Content? A Systematic Scoping Review of Empirical Studies
International Journal of Communication, volume 18 (2024), pp. 865–888
"This study assesses the current state of empirical research on the role of media ownership on journalistic content. Regardless of the differences in focus and research design, our systematic scoping review of 56 studies shows that media ownership matters. The vast majority of studies show that medi
...
From Resilience to Recovery: Securing the Future of Ukrainian Media
Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2024), 34 pp.
Mexico: Financing Journalism
London: Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC);Observacom (2024), 64 pp.
