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280
Inspiring Practice
2
Key Guidance
4
Quick Overview
1
Top Insights
19
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Media Concentration
79
Media Ownership
67
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
65
Media Markets
49
Creative & Cultural Industries
47
Political Economy of Media
38
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
37
Economics of Media
36
Media Industries
36
Advertising Markets & Industries
35
Television Markets
31
Copyright Law
29
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
28
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
27
Media Law & Regulation
26
Press Markets
24
Film Markets
20
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
20
Film Industries
19
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
19
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
15
Radio Markets
15
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
15
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
14
Media & Communication Policies
14
Newspapers
12
Financing Digital / Online Media
11
Music Industries & Markets
11
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
11
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
11
Media Use, Media Consumption
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Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
10
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
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Government Advertising, State Advertising
9
Digital Media Markets
9
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
9
Television Industries
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Globalisation of Media
8
Financing Press & Print Media
8
Politics and Media
8
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
7
Media Management
7
Advertising
6
Audiences & Users
6
National Cinemas, National Film Production
6
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
6
Freedom of Expression
6
State Influence on the Media
6
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
6
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
6
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
6
Television Economics
6
Media Assistance
6
Television Law & Regulation
6
Democracy / Democratization and Media
6
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
5
African Cinema
5
Television Programme & Format Trade
5
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
5
Alternative Communication & Media
5
Culture and Development
5
Digital Media Startups
5
Digital Media Management, Online Media Management
5
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
5
Music Markets
5
COVID-19 Communication
5
Journalism
5
Financing Journalism
5
Local Communication & Media
5
Public Media, State Media
5
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
4
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
4
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
4
Film Distribution
4
Film Production Companies
4
Latin American Cinema
4
Cultural Policies
4
Convergence of Media
4
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
4
Video Markets
4
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
4
Election Reporting
4
Media Development Indicators
4
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
4
Television Landscapes
4
Radio Law & Regulation
4
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
4
Public & State Television
4
Radio
4
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
3
Advertising Agencies
3
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
3
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
3
Book Markets & Industries
3
Community Media Financing & Sustainability
3
Cultural Cooperation (Development Aid)
3
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
3
ICT Industries & Markets
3
Digital Economies & Markets
3
Media Clusters
3
Press Industries
3
Media Market Transparency
3
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
3
Neoliberalism
3
Gaming, Video Games
3
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
3
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
3
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
3
History of Media: 20th Century
3
Journalistic Quality
3
Local Journalism
3
News Agencies
3
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
3
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
3
Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
3
Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
3
Media, Mass Media
3
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
3
Crowdfunding
3
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
3
Political Transition and Media
3
Newspaper Economics
3
Public Service Broadcasting
3
Theories of Change
3
Television
3
Commercial Television
3
Television Channels
3
Digital Advertising, Online Advertising
2
Television Advertising
2
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
2
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
2
Audience Research
2
Media Use: Entertainment
2
Print Media Use, Press Readers
2
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
2
Election Campaigns
2
Asian Cinema
2
Feature Films
2
Nollywood
2
Film Production
2
History of Film & Cinema
2
Editorial Independence
2
Intellectual Property
2
Plagiarism
2
Media / Communication Control
2
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
2
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
2
Community Radios
2
Popular Art, Folk Art, Handicrafts
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
2
Communication for Local Development
2
Development and Media
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
2
Podcasts
2
Streaming Media
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
Software Industries
2
Media Conglomerates
2
Media Competition
2
Press Distribution
2
Printing Industries
2
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
2
Financing Radio
2
Financing Television
2
Video on Demand
2
Small Enterprises, Micro Businesses, Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
2
Foreign Investments
2
Sports Reporting
2
Television Dramas
2
History of Media & Communication
2
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
2
Foreign Television Programmes
2
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
2
Journalism Education & Training
2
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
2
Business & Economics Journalism
2
Local Press
2
Media Assistance Donors: Foundations & Private Donors
2
Press Landscapes
2
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
2
Licensing of Media
2
Corporate Strategies
2
Financing Public Service Media
2
Broadcasting Companies
2
Print Media Management
2
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
2
Press
2
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
2
Research in Media & Communication
2
Communication & Media Indicators
2
Television Production Companies
2
Print Media Advertising
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
1
Lobbying
1
Agriculture
1
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Book Publishing
1
Book Trade & Distribution
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
1
Christian Radios: Evangelical / Protestant & Others
1
Christian Television
1
Pentecostal Churches & Communication
1
Cinema
1
Aesthetics in Film & Visual Communication
1
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
1
Film Associations, Film Organizations
1
Film Festivals
1
Film Financing
1
Film Budgeting & Production Costs
1
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
1
Film Marketing
1
Media Assistance: Film Funding
1
Transnational Film Co-Productions
1
Videos
1
Communication Rights
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Economic Factors
1
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
1
Self-Censorship
1
Social Media Marketing & Digital Public Relations
1
Press Releases & Press Conferences
1
Transnational Public Relations Agencies & Consortia
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Media
1
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Violence in the Media
1
War Reporting
1
Media Criticism
1
Media Quality
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
1
Cultural Diversity
1
Cultural Goods
1
Cultural Identity
1
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
1
Museums
1
National Character
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Media Initiatives (Case Studies)
1
Media Assistance: Digital Journalism & Social Media
1
Multimedia Products & Production
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Digital Financial Services, Mobile Banking, Mobile Payphone Business
1
Online Media & Internet Economics
1
Digital Market Concentration
1
Online News
1
Facebook
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
TikTok
1
WhatsApp
1
Information Society
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Hispanic Americans, Hispanic Media
1
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Documentation Systems
1
Commercial Broadcasting
1
Film Economics
1
Media Commercialisation
1
Radio Industries
1
Competition, Competition Analysis
1
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
1
Cross-Media Ownership
1
Radio Economics
1
Economic Conditions
1
Big Enterprises
1
Small-Scale Industries
1
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
1
Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
1
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
1
Sustainable Development
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Journalism Ethics
1
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
1
Associations
1
Events
1
Good Practice Examples
1
History of Media: 19th Century
1
History of Radio
1
History of Television
1
History of the Press
1
International Communication
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
1
International Media
1
International Media & Communication Policies
1
World Information and Communication Order
1
Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
1
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
1
Transnational Communication
1
Transnational Television Co-Productions, International Television Co-Productions
1
Mercosur
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
Associations & Networks of Journalists
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Investigative Journalism
1
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Television News
1
Political Reporting
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Spanish Language
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
Local Television
1
Media Assistance: Business & Economics Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Citizen Participation & Civil Society
1
Media Assistance: Dependency of Recipients
1
Media Assistance: Donor Organizations
1
Media Assistance: Local Journalism & Media
1
Media Assistance: Press
1
Media Assistance: Radio
1
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
1
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
1
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
1
Media Privatization
1
Television Policies
1
Media System Analyses & Typologies
1
Radio Landscapes
1
Media Governance
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Budgeting, Cost Calculation, Financial Planning
1
Human Resources Development, Personnel Management
1
Knowledge Sharing & Transfer
1
Low-Cost Solutions, Low Budget Calculation
1
Newspaper Management
1
Nonprofit Media Management
1
Radio Management
1
Starting Media Outlets, Creation of Digital Businesses
1
Television Management
1
Far Eastern Economic Review
1
PRISA (Spain)
1
Music
1
Popular Music
1
Capitalism
1
Democracy
1
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
1
Democratization
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Influence of Media on Politics
1
Public Opinion
1
Public Spheres
1
Magazines
1
Yellow Press
1
Television Production
1
Sustainability
1
Institutional Sustainability
1
Project Sustainability
1
Commercial Radios
1
B92 (Radio Station, Belgrade)
1
Media Effects
1
Manipulation
1
Social Functions & Effects of the Media
1
Muslim Television Broadcasting
1
Religious Television Programmes
1
Research Methods
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Apartheid
1
Social Classes
1
Society & Media, Media Sociology
1
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
1
Digital Television
1
Printing, Print Production, Print Technologies
1
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
1
Television Engineering & Technologies
1
Cable Television
1
Pay TV, Pay Television
1
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
1
Televisa (Television Channel, Mexico)
1
Television Networks
1
Television Programmes & Genres
1
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Opinion étrangère sur les problèmes de gestion de la presse africaine
Le Monde du Journaliste (Bruxelles), volume 5, issue 2 (1967), pp. 16-18
"L’auteur s'émerveille de la prolifération de la presse en Afrique, mais s'inquiète de sa viabilité — Il plaide pour qu'un calcul de gestion économique accompagne tous les desseins idéalistes — Il faut, à son avis, accorder autant d'intérêt à la gestion qu'aux éditoriaux." (Jean-Mar
...
L'Asie ne possède qu'un nombre dérisoire de journaux et de lecteurs par rapport à ses immenses possibilités
Cahiers de l'I.I.P. (Zürich), volume 15, issue 9-10 (1967), pp. 7-9
"L'auteur explique le lent démarrage de la presse en Asie, notamment en raison du coût élevé de la production d'un journal en Asie, compte tenu de la part minime de la publicité." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 197
...
La presse brésilienne en crise
Le Journaliste Démocratique (Prague), issue 5-6 (1967), pp. 69-70
"La situation actuelle de la presse brésilienne est la plus dure qu'elle ait connue, en raison notamment des difficultés économiques qui réduisent ses apports de capitaux — Les nouvelles lois sur la presse accroissent ces difficultés." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mas
...
Le message audio-visuel: économie comparée des prix de diffusion et des transferts possibles d'un support à l'autre
Paris: ORTF;Ministère de l'Education Nationale (1966), 30 pp.
"La diffusion des messages sonores ; modes de diffusion ; le disque, la bande magnétique — La diffusion des messages télévisés: mode de diffusion, problèmes techniques de l'enregistrement des images de télévision, étude économique du transfert film-télévision — Conclusions pratiques."
...
L'exploitation de la presse au Sud du Sahara
Paris: Institut Français de Presse, Mémoire de fin d'études (1964), 354 pp.
"Intéressante analyse des conditions économiques et de la gestion des entreprises de presse au Sud du Sahara: statut de l'entreprise, problème de l'indépendance économique, aides apportées au développement de la presse (aides gouvernementale et internationale)." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfatt
...
Le rôle croissant des monopoles dans l'industrie journalistique
Le Journaliste Démocratique (Prague), volume 10, issue 10 (1962), pp. 177-179
"Discussion sur les tendances monopolistes de la presse indienne — Problèmes linguistiques — Revendications des journalistes." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 446, topic code 110.1, 142)
La Conférence annuelle de l'Indian Federation of Working Journalists
Le Journaliste Démocratique (Prague), volume 9, issue 8 (1961), p. 171
"Critique de la structure de la presse indienne qui se trouve entre les mains d'entrepreneurs privés manifestant des tendances monopolistes." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 531, topic code 142)
Film-Making on a Low Budget: The UNESCO-UNRWA Pilot Project
Paris: UNESCO (1960), 31 pp.
"Economy in the production of films — The subjects are: — 1) Aims and results — 2) Technical aspects — Two appendices complete the study." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2484, topic code 331)
L'évolution de la presse africaine et l'histoire de la presse
Bulletin du Centre International d'Enseignement Supérieur du Journalisme (Strasbourg), issue 17 août (1960), pp. 205-216
"Recueil des conférences faites au cours de la session de perfectionnement (novembre 1959). L'ensemble des problèmes rencontrés par la presse et la radio en Afrique, quel que soit leur statut — Les problèmes de financement — Les solutions possibles." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh
...
Changing Markets and Media in Latin America
Public Opinion Quarterly, volume 23, issue 2 (1959), pp. 159-167.
"Communications, markets, and their interrelationships, like other parts of the life of a country or region, are seen in a different light by a visitor than by his national counterparts. Of no one is this more true than of the foreign marketer. Here such a visitor records his observations of media a
...
Concentration in Ownership in Indian Newspapers worries Pandit Nehru
World's Press News (London), volume 6, issue November (1959), p. 42
"In order to satisfy President Nehru's concern over the concentration of the press, the association of journalists declares its readiness to take countermeasures, such as a press council and some form of support for the local press." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media i
...
The Press in the Korean Republic: Its Status and Problems
Journalism Quarterly, volume 35, issue 4 (1958), pp. 450-454
"The main threat to the freedom of the press in Korea come not from government control but from the economic conditions — A recognised school of journalism could do much to raise the standards of the press." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countri
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