"The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a tool for assessing the risks for media pluralism in a given country. The Monitor aims to help policymakers, researchers, and civil society to understand the threat to media pluralism in different media systems through research, analysis and the provision of co
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untry data. The present Monitor has been developed and tested by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF), at the European University Institute, and has been funded by the European Union. The CMPF created the prototype of the Monitor and pilot-tested it in 2014 (MPM2014), building on the 2009 Independent Study on Indicators for Media Pluralism in the Member States – Towards a Risk-Based Approach. The results of this second prototype, which was tested in 2015 (MPM2015), are published in this report. During these two rounds of implementation, the CMPF has strengthened the research design of the Monitor, co-ordinated the data collection carried out by national experts, and analysed the results, i.e., it has assessed the risks for media pluralism across EU Member States. This report presents the results and the methodology of the MPM2015 implementation, which measures risks to Media Pluralism in 19 EU countries, namely, Austria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, and Sweden." (Executive summary)
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"Program evaluation has undergone significant evolution, shaped by diverse theoretical perspectives and influential scholars. This study provides a historical analysis of leading theorists’ views and their impact on the field, tracing key developments from early accountability-focused models to co
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ntemporary, context-sensitive approaches. Beginning with foundational contributions from figures such as Tyler and Scriven, the analysis explores how theorists like Stake, Patton, and Stufflebeam have expanded the scope of evaluation through responsive, utilization-focused, and CIPP. The study highlights shifts from positivist, objective-oriented models to more participatory and stakeholder-centered frameworks, reflecting broader changes in educational and social science research paradigms. By examining the intellectual tradition and methodological shifts, this study provides insights into how program evaluation has adapted to evolving societal, institutional, and policy demands. Understanding these historical influences offers valuable perspectives for future advancements in evaluation practice and theory." (Abstract)
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"This nuts-and-bolts introduction to program evaluation is also applicable to evaluation of policies and evaluation of organizational performance. It is rich with over 40 examples from public policy, public health, non-profit management, social work, arts management, education, international assista
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nce, and labor, which illustrate the books step-by-step introduction to the process and methods of program evaluation." (Publisher description)
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"This pragmatic evaluator's companion from leaders in the field provides essential guidance for designing, implementing, and managing exemplary evaluations using established and emerging methods, designs, and analyses. With contributions from skilled experts, the Handbook has a unique focus on the c
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ompetencies identified by the American Evaluation Association as critical for evaluators. Balancing rigor with practical, mentor-style guidance, chapters build the reader's skills for tailoring studies creatively to address specific evaluation situations and contexts; optimizing communication and collaborative decision making; and centering equity and justice. This insiders guide is replete with detailed examples, real-world scenarios, and other helpful features, including chapter overviews and an end-of-book glossary." (Publisher description)
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"loved for its conversational style and reliable advice, this text is now in a revised and updated third edition, reflecting key developments in evaluation. It includes expanded coverage of equity and social justice issues, values and cost analysis, visualizing qualitative data with software, and mo
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re. Twenty-six concise chapters, or “sessions,” give students, applied researchers, and program administrators a solid foundation for conducting or using evaluations. Covering both quantitative and qualitative methods, the book emphasizes fostering evaluation use. It shows how to build collaborative relationships with users; formulate answerable evaluation questions; deal with contingencies that might alter the traditional sequence of an evaluation; and collect, analyze, and report data. Student-friendly features throughout the sessions include titles written as questions, bulleted recaps, “Thinking Ahead” and “Next Steps” pointers, cautionary notes, and annotated suggestions for further reading. An in-depth case study provides the basis for end-of-session practice exercises." (Publisher description)
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"Covering both the theory and practice of evaluation in one engaging volume, this leading text is now in a revised third edition. It features additional evaluation approaches, such as the Indigenous paradigm; new examples, ranging from small to large and multi-site evaluations; and more. Instructors
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praise the diverse evaluations, many with reflective commentary from evaluators, and rich pedagogical features. The text describes the major theoretical paradigms in evaluation and the ways they inform methodological choices. Readers learn effective strategies for clarifying their own theoretical assumptions; working with stakeholders; developing questions; using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods designs; choosing data collection and sampling strategies; analyzing data; and communicating and utilizing findings. The book includes guidance for planning an evaluation of a specific project or program. Extensive recommended online resources and tools are provided at the companion website." (Publisher description)
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"Sections of the book engage in critical reflection on what peacebuilding effectiveness is and who gets to decide, provide practical examples and case studies of the successes and failures of assessing peacebuilding work, and support innovative strategies and tools to move the field forward. Chapter
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s reflect a variety of perspectives on peacebuilding effectiveness and methods—quantitative, qualitative, and participatory—to evaluate peacebuilding efforts, with particular attention to approaches that center those local to the peacebuilding process. Practitioners and policymakers alike will find useful arguments and approaches for evaluating peacebuilding activities and making the case for funding such efforts." (Publisher description)
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"The purpose of this guidance note is to support the planning and implementation of fit-for purpose project real-time evaluations (RTEs) in accordance with the Adaptation Fund’s Evaluation Policy. The intended audience for this guidance note is people who plan and manage Fund evaluation activities
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, primarily within Fund Implementing Entities, the Technical Evaluation Reference Group of the Adaptation Fund (AF-TERG), and the Fund secretariat and Board. It is intended as a flexible resource that can be adapted to various Fund contexts. As such, this guidance note may also be useful to others conducting RTEs or interested in the topic of RTEs and evaluations in the climate change adaptation community and wider. This guidance note defines what an RTE is and what are its benefits. It provides guidance on when to undertake RTEs, who should do it, and how to plan for an RTE, and conduct data collection, analysis, and reporting." (Page 2)
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"Ex post evaluations and other post-project studies undertaken by multilateral and bilateral development agencies, as well as other international actors, vary widely in their scope and approach. This guidance note explains how ex post evaluations at the Adaptation Fund work in terms of approach and
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practical logistics." (Page 2)
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"This guidance note outlines what is Final Evaluation at the Adaptation Fund, when does it occur, who is involved, and how to plan and implement them in accordance with the Fund’s Evaluation Policy. The accompanying annexes provide a general checklist for planning (Annex 1), common analytical appr
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oaches (Annex 2), evaluation inception report (Annex 3) and the evaluation criteria rating scales (Annex 4)." (Page 2)
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"This guidance notes outlines what is an MTR, when does it occur, who is involved, and how to plan and implement project MTRs. The accompanying annexes provide a general checklist for planning, illustrative inception and MTR report outlines, an illustrative evaluation matrix, and an illustrative man
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agement response template." (Page 2)
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"The purpose of this guidance note is to support the preparation of evaluation reports, which is key in conducting reliable, useful and ethical evaluations, in accordance with the Adaptation Fund’s Evaluation Policy. It provides a foundation for reporting for all levels and types of evaluations ou
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tlined in the Fund’s Evaluation Policy, including baseline studies and mid-term reviews." (Page 2)
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"The remainder of this guidance note is structured by five intuitive questions answering what inception reports are, what their benefits are, and when and how should they be written. Annex 1 provides an outline and checklist of the recommended sections for Fund Evaluation Inception Reports, and Anne
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x 2 provides an illustrative evaluation matrix to be included in Fund evaluation inception reports." (Page 2)
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"This guidance note covers Terms of Reference (ToR) guidance for all levels and types of evaluation outlined in the Adaptation Fund’s Evaluation Policy, including baseline studies and midterm reviews. While the emphasis is on developing ToRs for evaluation purposes, the ToR guidance can apply to o
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ther activities [...]" (Page 2)
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"This guidance note elaborates the nine evaluation criteria introduced in the Adaptation Fund’s Evaluation Policy. The guidance note will be most helpful to those who are preparing, commissioning, managing, or conducting a Fund evaluative activity (Figure 1) contracted by a Fund Implementing Entit
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y (IE) or the Technical Evaluation Reference Group of the Adaptation Fund (AF-TERG). The guidance note first examines what are and when to use the Fund’s evaluation criteria, and then examines each criterion individually with guidance for its operationalization." (Page 2)
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"The evaluation principles identify the Adaptation Fund’s values, norms, and global best practice to guide evaluation practice. The Evaluation Policy introduces seven evaluation principles (see Figure 2) to reinforce the Fund’s values, niche, and the Paris Agreement to guide evaluation practice.
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This is to ensure high quality fit-for-purpose evaluation processes and products, and to support processes of effective application of practical lessons and recommendations for achieving the aspirations of the Fund. The Adaptation Fund's 7 Evaluation Principles [are]: relevance and utility; credibility and robustness; transparency; impartiality and objectivity; equitable and gender-sensitive inclusivity; comlementarity; complexity sensitive and adaptive." (Page 3)
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"This guidance note covers budgeting guidance for all levels and types of evaluation activity outlined in the Adaptation Fund’s Evaluation Policy. Because these activities include baseline studies that contribute to both evaluation and monitoring,1 this guidance note may be useful when budgeting f
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or operational research, which may also feature data collection, analysis, and reporting methods." (Page 3)
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"Commissioning an evaluation and managing an evaluation are different but interrelated processes. Commissioning an evaluation encompasses the activities to initiate a Fund evaluation, largely focused on developing the evaluation's Terms of Reference (ToR) and recruiting and contracting the evaluator
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(s). Managing an evaluation encompasses the activities for the oversight of the evaluation after it is commissioned and enters the implementation phase through to the Evaluation Report. Evaluation management ensures the evaluation is conducted according to the deliverables and requirements established in the ToR and detailed in the evaluation's Inception Report." (Page 3)
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