"Program evaluation has undergone significant evolution, shaped by diverse theoretical perspectives and influential scholars. This study provides a historical analysis of leading theorists’ views and their impact on the field, tracing key developments from early accountability-focused models to co
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ntemporary, context-sensitive approaches. Beginning with foundational contributions from figures such as Tyler and Scriven, the analysis explores how theorists like Stake, Patton, and Stufflebeam have expanded the scope of evaluation through responsive, utilization-focused, and CIPP. The study highlights shifts from positivist, objective-oriented models to more participatory and stakeholder-centered frameworks, reflecting broader changes in educational and social science research paradigms. By examining the intellectual tradition and methodological shifts, this study provides insights into how program evaluation has adapted to evolving societal, institutional, and policy demands. Understanding these historical influences offers valuable perspectives for future advancements in evaluation practice and theory." (Abstract)
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"Covering both the theory and practice of evaluation in one engaging volume, this leading text is now in a revised third edition. It features additional evaluation approaches, such as the Indigenous paradigm; new examples, ranging from small to large and multi-site evaluations; and more. Instructors
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praise the diverse evaluations, many with reflective commentary from evaluators, and rich pedagogical features. The text describes the major theoretical paradigms in evaluation and the ways they inform methodological choices. Readers learn effective strategies for clarifying their own theoretical assumptions; working with stakeholders; developing questions; using quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods designs; choosing data collection and sampling strategies; analyzing data; and communicating and utilizing findings. The book includes guidance for planning an evaluation of a specific project or program. Extensive recommended online resources and tools are provided at the companion website." (Publisher description)
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"This document discusses how the six evaluation criteria of the OECD DAC (Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development – Development Assistance Committee) can be used to get environmental sustainability on the agenda for evaluations and monitoring. These criteria are widely used in inter
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national development organisations, and similar criteria are often used in other organisations. This document is based on existing guidance produced by OECD DAC (OECD, 2021) with additional commentary from the members of the Footprint Evaluation Initiative." (Summary, page 1)
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"The guidance is intended to support people who are planning, managing or conducting evaluations, especially within national and sub-national governments, to include environmental sustainability, even when this is not a stated objective of the program or policy. Environmental sustainability includes
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consideration of climate change, biodiversity, pollution, over-exploitation of natural resources, invasive species, and deforestation. The guidance sets out ways to embed environmental sustainability in evaluation in ways that are feasible and useful. Usefulness includes direct, instrumental use, to inform specific decisions and actions. It also includes wider conceptual use - understanding the value of natural systems, and the coupling between environment and equity." (Page 4)
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"Showing how evaluation practice looks when guided by theory, the third edition of the influential "theory tree" book is significantly revised with over 80% new material, including a greater focus on equity and theories over theorists. Chapters from leading authorities describe the goals of each the
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ory; the type of evaluation for which it is appropriate (formative, summary formative, summative, adaptive); the size of the program for which it is most applicable; specific prescriptions; and observable actions that help to define the theory. Readers are given the tools to select suitable approaches for the size, contexts and stage of an evaluation and their own personal values. New to this edition: chapters on culturally responsive evaluation, indigenous evaluation, and developmental evaluation; organized around theories rather than individual theorists; increased attention to practical applications, including a chapter distilling the goals, methods, and standards of evaluations based on each theory; and a case study chapter on the role of theory in evaluation policy." (Publisher description)
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"From the founder of empowerment evaluation (EE), a framework uniquely suited to advancing social justice causes, this book explains the theories, principles, and steps of conducting EE from scratch or within a preexisting evaluation or work plan. David M. Fetterman describes how EE enables program
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planners and participants to define their mission or purpose, take stock of how well they are doing, and plan for the future to achieve self-determined goals. EEs of two large programs (Feeding America and USAID/REACH) are discussed in depth; other EE case examples address such topics as raising test scores in impoverished and rural schools and bridging the digital divide in communities of color. User-friendly features include chapters on conducting EE remotely and frequently asked questions, as well as illuminating sidebars and glossaries of acronyms and concepts/terms." (Publisher description)
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"Unlike scientific theories, evaluation theories are prescriptive: a set of actions and approaches that should be followed when conducting an evaluation. While evaluation theorists have offered a variety of writings describing their theories and approaches, few have offered a specific outline of wha
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t the theory looks like i n practice. Thus, Alkin and Christie formulated a book to aid evaluators in how to apply theories in evaluations. This book culminates in a series of prototypes that outline each theory’s goals, appropriate contexts, prescriptions, and observable actions in application. Purpose: In order to aid evaluators in applying theories, this article seeks to provide a basis for comparison that can be used to help evaluators select which theory would be most appropriate in their practice. Setting: This comparison can be applied in any setting where evaluations fit the context prescribed by each of the theories. Findings: In order for theories to influence practice effectively, theories must be displayed in a way that allows for easy comparison. This comparison of three theory prototypes demonstrates that prototype can be an effective way for selecting a prescriptive theory when conducting an evaluation." (Summary)
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"This paper on behavior change constitutes one of two methodology papers (the other being on service delivery) that establish a new lens through which to understand the World Bank’s portfolio in IEG (Independent Evaluation Group) evaluations. The paper outlines the economic and psychosocial theori
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es that have led to an array of frameworks for helping policy makers design behaviorally conscious interventions. After establishing criteria for an evaluative behavior change framework suitable for World Bank projects and finding that none of the existing frameworks fits that set of criteria, this paper proposes a new framework, CrI2SP, which categorizes elements of World Bank projects, and introduces an evaluative framework for capturing the degree to which behavioral considerations have been integrated into World Bank projects. The CrI2SP framework and the coding template have been developed and refined as they have been applied to 33 World Bank projects." (Summary)
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"This study identifies and addresses key challenges concerning M&E for climate change adaptation (CCA). It does so by documenting good practices and good practice principles on the development, selection, and use of indicators used in the M&E of adaptation interventions. The study also looks at the
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steps and contexts M&E personnel should consider when formulating, selecting, adjusting, and/or using indicators. In addition, the study identifies common themes in the literature and gaps in data—including the role of learning in an adaptation M&E system and the identification of linkages (or lack thereof) between indicators and policy formulation and decisions. The study first looks at M&E for CCA in a broader context to see what the key challenges are (chapter 2), and how M&E is being applied in the adaptation field (chapter 3). It reviews the types of adaptation indicators that are commonly used (chapter 4), and then moves into a narrower discussion of what practitioners need to consider when developing better, more useful indicators. It next documents good practice principles that help define indicators for adaptation interventions (chapter 5). Finally, it looks at how the evaluation-policy interface can support better adaptation policies, and if good practice principles can inform greater uptake of evaluation results as evidence in policy making (chapter 6)." (About the study, page 4)
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"The BetterEvaluation Rainbow Framework prompts you to think about a series of key questions. It is important to consider all these issues, including reporting, at the beginning of an evaluation. The Framework can be used to plan an evaluation or to locate information about particular types of metho
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ds. An expanded version of the framework showing options or methods for each question can be downloaded from our website: http://betterevaluation.org/plan." (Introduction)
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"[...] Fortunately, in the last decade in particular, much progress has been made on incorporating social science theory into both campaign design and evaluation, primarily in the health field. Indeed, evaluators are being encouraged to engage in theory testing and/or logic model development. Findin
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gs from recent meta-analyses suggest that newer communication campaigns are increasingly utilizing theory. In addition, there has been great diversity in the theories being applied in this area, and many of the theories being used most often, including the Theory of Reasoned Action, Social Cognitive Theory, and the transtheoretical “Stages of Change” model, also are widely studied in the health behavior change literature.
An evaluation research team typically consists of program staff in charge of program planning and a program evaluator. Often, the program evaluator is one of the few behavioral or social scientists on the project. Without a theorist on the team, the theory behind the project is likely to remain implicit from the start. The failure to acknowledge or discuss theory from the beginning risks wasting resources on message strategies that are not adequately linked to psychosocial predictors of behavior, and on performance measures that are off the mark. Thus, all program personnel should be involved in theory/logic model development so that the theoretical underpinnings of the project are grounded in more than evaluator assumptions." (Introduction)
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"Enhancing citizen voice and accountability has increased in importance for donors since the 1990s. This paper reviews existing literature and the strategy and policy documents of seven DAC donors in order to contribute to the design of an evaluation framework to assess the effectiveness of these do
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nors’ voice and accountability interventions." (Executive summary)
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"To date, no evaluation frameworks are specifically targeted at evaluating partnership relationships, as opposed to partnership programmatic outcomes. Following a discussion and definition of partnership, its defining features, and value-added, the paper proposes a framework for assessing partnershi
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p relationships in order to: (1) improve partnership practice in progress, (2) refine and test hypotheses regarding partnership’s contribution to performance and outcomes, and (3) suggest lessons for future partnership work. The proposed assessment approach is continuous, process-oriented and participatory, and developmental. Targets of assessment include compliance with prerequisites and success factors, degree of partnership practice, the outcomes of the partnership relationships, partners’ performance, and efficiency. Indicators and associated methods are proposed for each of these. The framework addresses the evaluation challenges of integrating process and institutional arrangements into performance measurement systems, thus contributing to relationship performance as well as program outcomes. It can also be used to enhance the theory and practice of partnership." (Abstract)
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"The focus of this book is on evaluation theory rather than on practice, even though we do suggest implications for practice. We believe theory is used to justify and inform practice, so the theory makes a difference to practice over the long run. And practice can inform theory, as it has done many
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times in the past. But, again, our focus is on reconciling evaluation theory with philosophy, which means this is not a how-to-do-it book. Rather, it is a book that develops middle-range evaluation theory consistent with contemporary thinking in philosophy (albeit a particular strand), especially thinking about democracy. A middle-range theory would suggest some attributes that evaluations should have, without necessarily specifying how to achieve them in particular cases. So the book offers a perspective about evaluation rather than a model of how to do evaluation." (Preface, page x)
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Dieses Buch verdeutlicht, dass die kirchliche Entwicklungsarbeit stärker als die staatliche Zusammenarbeit die Stäkung der Eigenverantwortlichkeit der Partner in den Vordergrund ihrer Evaluierungsarbeit stellt und sich weniger an den herkömmlichen Methoden der Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse orientiert. Na
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ch einer Einführung in das Evaluierungsverständnis kirchlicher Entwicklungsarbeit und die Konzepte der Evaluierung bietet diese gemeinsam von evangelischer (AGKED) und katholischer (Misereor) Seite entwickelte Publikation eine praxisorientierte Einleitung in Vorbereitung, Durchführung und Auswertung von Evaluierungen.
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