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Privacy Scorecard Review 2024: Rwanda, Tanzania, Mauritius, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Uganda
Deep Insights

Kampala: Unwanted Witness (2025), 117 pp.

"The evolving digital landscape across East Africa and beyond underscores the critical need for robust data protection and privacy frameworks. While countries like Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Mauritius, and Zimbabwe have made significant progress in establishing legal and institutional mechanisms to sa ... feguard personal data, challenges remain in enforcement, compliance, and public awareness. Kenya, despite being a leader in the region’s digital economy, continues to grapple with regulatory gaps, non-compliance, and weak enforcement of its Data Protection Act. The rise of emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) necessitates stronger regulatory oversight, aligning with international best practices, including the GDPR and the African Union Convention on Cyber Security and Personal Data Protection. For Rwanda, ethical data governance is paramount in its rapidly digitalizing economy. Ensuring that privacy, dignity, and autonomy are upheld requires the active participation of government, the private sector, civil society, and citizens. This report has evaluated Rwanda’s Data Privacy and Protection Law, identifying both strengths and areas for improvement, particularly in compliance and enforcement across different sectors. Tanzania has demonstrated a commitment to data privacy through its Personal Data Protection and Privacy Act, but challenges in its legal and institutional frameworks hinder full implementation. Strengthening these frameworks by incorporating international legal obligations, particularly through the Malabo Convention, would enhance Tanzania’s data protection regime. Mauritius has taken commendable steps in aligning its Data Protection Act (DPA) 2017 with international standards, but translating this framework into effective protections remains a challenge. Inconsistencies in data collection, lack of transparency, and insufficient public awareness have impeded progress. To address these gaps, Mauritius must focus on legislative refinements, institutional strengthening, enforcement mechanisms, and public education. A comprehensive data breach response framework and active engagement in global data protection forums would further solidify its position as a regional leader in data protection. Zimbabwe’s Data Protection Act, though relatively new, has introduced significant measures to protect data subjects. There is an increasing recognition of data privacy rights across various sectors, with businesses and government agencies adopting privacy policies. However, challenges persist, including the lack of transparency reports and weak internal data breach resolution mechanisms. Strengthening compliance frameworks and promoting greater accountability are essential to fostering a more secure digital ecosystem. As digital economies continue to expand, cross-stakeholder collaboration is essential to ensuring that data protection is not just a legal requirement but a practical reality. Governments must strengthen regulatory oversight, businesses must prioritize compliance and transparency, and civil society must demand accountability and advocate for user rights. The protection of personal data is not just a legal obligation but a fundamental human right. Countries in the region have the opportunity to enhance digital trust, drive innovation, and foster economic growth by continuously refining their data protection laws and enforcement mechanisms. Moving forward, sustained efforts in policy development, international cooperation, and public engagement will be crucial in shaping a secure and privacy-conscious digital future." (Conclusion) more

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Habilidades de seguridad digital y prevención de violencias para madres, padres y cuidadores

Camilo Arratia, Wilfredo Jordán

La Paz: InternetBolivia; Asociación Aguayo; Fundación Educación y Cooperación (Educo) (2025), 14 pp.

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De Gruyter Handbook of Digital Criminology

Mareile Kaufmann, Heidi Mork Lomell (eds.)

Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter (2025), ix, 524 pp.

"The De Gruyter Handbook of Digital Criminology examines how digital devices spread and cut across all fields of crime and control. Providing a glossary of key theoretical, methodological and criminological concepts, the book defines and further establishes a vibrant, rapidly developing field. Focus ... more

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WorldCat (120)

Research Handbook on Human Rights and Digital Technology Global Politics, Law and International Relations

Ben Wagner, Matthias C. Kettemann, Kilian Vieth-Ditlmann, Susannah Montgomery (eds.)

Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2nd ed. (2025), 428 pp.

"Bringing together perspectives from academia and practice, this second edition Research Handbook provides fresh insights into debates surrounding digital technology and how to respect and protect human rights in an increasingly digital world. New and updated chapters cover the issues posed by the m ... more

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Manual de denuncias de casos de violencia de género facilitada por la tecnología (VGFT)

Heidy Gil, Adriana Pérez Tudela

La Paz: InternetBolivia; Asociación Aguayo; ONU Mujeres (2025), 72 pp.

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State of digital development and trends in the Africa region: Challenges and opportunities

Geneva: ITU (2025), iv, 49 pp.

"This publication reveals that the gap between ambition and reality remains wide. Mobile broadband coverage has expanded rapidly, offering most of the population the possibility of going online. And yet, only 38 per cent of the population currently uses the Internet—the lowest rate among all ITU r ... more

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Guía para acompañantes de la sociedad civil frente a casos de violencia de género facilitada por la tecnología (VGFT)

Narayani Rivera

La Paz: InternetBolivia; Asociación Aguayo; ONU Mujeres (2025), 40 pp.

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Code of Courage: A Comic About Digital Security for Activists

Hara Livani, Franziska Schraut

Technische Universität Darmstadt (2025), 20 pp.

"Security is paramount - online and offline. Maria, Alex, Sarah, and Daniel are four friends deeply committed to human rights activism in a country grappling with increasing authoritarianism. Their efforts to organize and amplify their message on social media are met with relentless challenges: inte ... more

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Let's talk about Porno: Sexualität, Identität und Pornografie. Arbeitsmaterialien für Schule und Jugendarbeit

Ludwigshafen; München: klicksafe; Medienanstalt Rheinland-Pfalz; Pro Familia (2024), 33 pp.

External Link (109)

Google Scholar (89)

WorldCat (86)

Digitale Ethik
Deep Insights

Petra Grimm, Kai Erik Trost, Oliver Zöllner (eds.)

Baden-Baden: Nomos; Verlag Karl Alber (2024), 661 pp.

"Das neue umfassende Standardwerk für den Bereich der Digitalen Ethik. Das Handbuch verschafft einen Überblick über die Herausforderungen und Besonderheiten der Ethik im digitalen Raum und versammelt namhafte Expert:innen zu folgenden Themenfeldern: Theoretische Zugänge (Deontologische Ansätze, ... more

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A Digital Security Guide for Everyone

Emy Osorio Matorel

Aachen: Catholic Media Council (CAMECO) (2024), 41 pp.

"This guide is aimed less at tech experts and more at anyone communicating online and keen on grasping key concepts and measures surrounding digital security. The guide starts by addressing fundamental concepts such as virtual private networks (VPNs), password security, and the emerging challenges p ... more

Google Scholar (91)

WorldCat (105)

Influence of Malawi's Cybersecurity Act 2016 on Online Evangelisation among Young Catholics in Blantyre

Frank Mwinganyama

Nairobi: Daystar University, Master Thesis (2024), xi, 89 pp.

"The youth are ardent users of digital media and there is no much difference between virtual and real life for them. So, the Catholic Church has persistently invited the faithful, especially the youth who are the true natives of the digital world, to adopt online platforms for evangelization. Concer ... ns, however, arise from cyber security issues which are part of the online experiences of the users of digital technologies. The prevalence of abuses of digital technology generated a need for legislation to foster a safe environment for those who use online platforms. Malawi’s Electronic Transactions and Cybersecurity Act 2016 is one such legislation aimed at creating a free and safe online environment. Nevertheless, concerns arise regarding the influence and relevance of this Act in Malawi, with certain sections blaming its application for curtailing freedom of expression online. This study sought to investigate the influence of Malawi’s Cybersecurity Act 2016 on online evangelisation among young Catholics in Blantyre. The study had three objectives. First, to explore the motivations and experiences of young Catholics in Blantyre as they engage in online evangelisation. Secondly, to investigate the influence of Malawi’s Cybersecurity Act 2016 on online evangelisation efforts by young Catholics. Thirdly, to assess the perceptions of young Catholics regarding the relevance of Malawi’s Cybersecurity Act 2016 in fostering safe online evangelisation. The researcher employed two theories; Diffusion of Innovation and the Chilling Effects theory of social conformity to rigorously explore the purpose of the study. Participants in this study were purposively sampled and four focus group discussions (FDGs) comprising five and seven participants were chosen for the study. The findings have revealed that there is a significant presence of the youth online platforms that are adopting online evangelisation. It also discovered that there are chilling effects resulting from the political weaponisation of the cyber laws contained in the Act. Consequently, the relevance of the Act in fostering a safe environment was questioned as it is compromised. The researcher recommended further research on other demographics and using different research methods may give a more comprehensive picture of the influence of cyber law on online evangelisation." (Abstract) more

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Digital Defenders Partnership 2024-2027 Strategic Plan: Towards Centric Feminism and Decoloniality

Digital Defenders Partnership (2024), 45 pp.

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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Ghana

Reyn Anderson, Yaroslav Eferin, Kate Gromova, Vlad Manoil, Victor Teppeh

USAID, Digital Frontiers Project, external version (2024), 149 pp.

"Ghana is among Sub-Saharan Africa’s leaders in digital transformation. Over the past decade, the government has put the key institutions, legislative frameworks, strategies, and policies in place that are necessary to drive change. The Ministry of Communications and Digitalization leads and coord ... inates development and implementation of a core set of policies and strategies that are digitally transforming the government, economy, and society. The ICT for Accelerated Development (ICT4AD) Policy has guided this journey for more than a decade. A new Digital Economy Policy is drafted and under review to drive the next stage of Ghana’s digital development. The National Financial Inclusion and Development Strategy and the National Cyber Security Policy and Strategy have also been key. Ghana adopted an inclusive approach to developing its cybersecurity strategy, which contributed to improved cybersecurity capacity and considered citizens’ online safety and freedoms. However, a clear strategy for protecting critical national infrastructure is missing. Ghana has been a pioneer and champion of digital government transformation in West Africa over the past decade, with funding and support from the World Bank. Important whole-of-government platforms and services have been put in place, including the Government Wide Area Network (GWAN), which provides internet connection to more than 1,000 district assemblies, hospitals, police stations, and post offices across the country; a National Data Center; the Smart workplace suite, which includes email and productivity tools for government employees; and Ghana.gov portal, a one-stop-shop for citizen services. Still, digital government transformation is incomplete. Easy, efficient, online government services are in demand, but the Ghana.gov portal options are limited, and most major government service providers have their own separate online services portals. The national identity Ghana Card could enhance digital service delivery by providing a universally recognized, secure, and easy-to-use means of digital identification and authentication for citizens when accessing both public and private digital services, but the current identification system is not integrated with other government-operated databases, significantly reducing its many potential applications. The Regional Coordinating Councils, and metropolitan, municipal, and district assemblies (MMDAs) are just now embarking on the digital transformation journey. The Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development coordinates their efforts. Challenges for Ghana’s remaining efforts at digital government transformation include adequate funding to manage and maintain its connectivity and data center infrastructure, affordable internet for regional governments, inadequate digital literacy and skills among mid-level and regional staff, or related national training programs. A big skill gap exists in cybersecurity; Ghana faces a deficit of skilled cybersecurity professionals. The government also needs to improve efforts at stakeholder engagement and awareness-raising when developing new policy proposals." (Executive summary, pages 11-12) more

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Africa Privacy Report 2023/2024: A Review of Policy Trends and Digital Frontiers in the Data Protection Landscape

Linda Bonyo, Jorge Clarke, Risper Onyango et al.

Nairobi: Lawyers Hub (2024), 46 pp.

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First be safe: Exploring and improving journalists’ skills in digital security

Jannis Frech, Volker Lilienthal, Viviane Schönbächler

Journalism, volume 26, issue 8 (2024), pp. 1742-1760

"Despite the scientific significance of journalism practice, the gap between academic and applied fields persists. In this paper, based on our project on the digital security of journalists and their sources, we argue that practice-relevant research in the form of the action-innovation model benefit ... more

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Google Scholar (82)

WorldCat (82)

The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics

Carissa Véliz (ed.)

Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press (2024), xvi, 786 pp.

"The Oxford Handbook of Digital Ethics is a lively and authoritative guide to ethical issues related to digital technologies, with a special emphasis on AI. Philosophers with a wide range of expertise cover thirty-seven topics: from the right to have access to internet, to trolling and online shamin ... more

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Mapping humanitarian tech: Exposing protection gaps in digital transformation programmes

Giulio Coppi

Access Now (2024), 69 pp.

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Course on Trust and Security Using Digital Technologies. Women Entrepreneur Track

Incheon: Asian and Pacific Training Centre for Information and Communication Technology for Development (APCICT-ESCAP) (2024), ix, 71 pp.

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Data Solidarity Glossary
Deep Insights

Barbara Prainsack, Ilona Kickbusch

Geneva: Digital Transformations for Health Lab (DTH-Lab) (2024), 54 pp.

"This glossary seeks to clarify key concepts relevant to data solidarity and explain data solidarity’s relationship to other key concepts and instruments in the domain of data governance and data ethics. It complements previous publications on this topic and in particular, the White Paper on Data ... more

Privacy Scorecard Review 2024: Rwanda, Tanzania, Mauritius, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Uganda Deep Insights

Digitale Ethik Deep Insights

Data Solidarity Glossary Deep Insights

Privacy Scorecard Review 2024: Rwanda, Tanzania, Mauritius, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Uganda
Deep Insights

Digitale Ethik
Deep Insights

Data Solidarity Glossary
Deep Insights