"While calls for participatory artificial intelligence (AI) are increasing, there has been an absence of efforts to engage conflict- and crisis-affected communities in the design, delivery and governance of AI solutions in humanitarian contexts. Without meaningful participation, humanitarian AI solutions risk becoming experimental and extractive, exacerbating inequalities rather than addressing them. Consulting communities about the AI solutions that will impact them is ethical and in line with humanitarian actors’ existing commitments related to community participation, accountability, and shifting power. It will also contribute to more effective and responsible AI solutions and policies. In December 2024, the CDAC Network and FilmAid co-led a pilot exercise in Kakuma Refugee Camp and neighbouring Kalobeyei Settlement, revealing critical limitations in current practice and approaches to participatory AI. This policy brief presents an overview of key obstacles to meaningful participation in the design and delivery of AI solutions in humanitarian contexts, drawing on findings from the pilot exercise. It also provides recommendations for ethical, inclusive and effective participatory AI in humanitarian settings." (Summary)