Introduction, 1
1 Religion, state and culture: beyond Islamic exceptionalism, 22
2 Is there an Islamic communication theory? 54
3 Iranian press: the paradox of 'modernity', 74
4 Emerging public spheres and the limits of the press, 92
5 Press, state and civil society: illusions and realities, 120
6 Media policy under the Islamic Republic: rights, institutional interests, and control, 138
7 The politics of broadcasting: continuity and change, expansion and control, 159
8 Women's press and the gendered nature of the public sphere, 182
Conclusion, 210