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Polarization and Exposure to Counter-Attitudinal Media in a Nondemocracy

Contains 54 tables, bibliogr. pp. 41-44

"Political polarization is an increasing global concern. Although recent research suggests that media has the potential to mitigate polarization through persuasion, it is unclear whether polarized individuals are willing to consume, and be receptive to information from, diverse news sources. This might especially be the case in nondemocracies where many citizens lack familiarity with credible media sources from across the political spectrum, and some are particularly distrustful of government media. We implement a field experiment in Turkey inducing citizens’ exposure to politically non-aligned online media sources over seven months. Exposure to cross-partisan media outlets increased participants’ consumption of their assigned outlets across the board, but the effects on political attitudes varied based on treatment. Although there was a backlash in the short term, assignment to pro-government media sources led to positive appraisals and voting intentions towards the ruling party in the long term. In contrast, assignment to anti-government media sources positively affected attitudes but not vote intention towards the opposition both in the short and long term. Finally, affective polarization did decrease in the short term, but not in the long term." (Abstract)
1 Introduction, 1
2 Background, 6
3 Experimental design and estimation, 9
4 Main findings, 18
Treatment exposure on social media -- Consuming cross-partisan news outlets -- Changes in political attitudes
5 Intermediary outcomes, 27
6 Additional Results, 31
Views towards politics and media in Turkey
7 Conclusion, 39
Annexes, 45