"Role of the national press in the liberation movement — The newspapers reflect the heterogeneity of the population and are independent of the government: circulation is very small and there is little advertising — The newspapers are aimed at the élite (70 % of the population are illiterate) — General views on the press in 1954 and of the professional associations." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2378, topic code 110.1)