The Routledge International Handbook of Online Deviance
London; New York: Routledge (2025), xxvii, 765 pp.
Contains figures, tables, index
Series: Routledge International Handbooks
ISBN 978-1-032-23455-7 (pbk); 978-1-003-27767-5 (online)
"Covering a wide range of different online platforms, including social media sites and chatrooms, this volume is a comprehensive exploration of the current state of sociological and criminological scholarship focused on online deviance. Understanding deviance broadly, the handbook acknowledges both an objective normative approach and a subjective, reactivist approach to the topic, putting into sharp relief the distinctions between cybercrime and online deviance on the one hand, and wider concerns of online communities related to online deviance on the other. Divided into five sections, the first section is devoted primarily to scholarship about the theories and methods foundational to exploring online deviance. The second section, "Gender, Sex, and Sexuality", presents empirical research on expressions of gender, sex, and sexuality in online spaces considered deviant. The third section, "Violence and Aggression," highlights scholarship on types of violent communications such as hate speech and cyberstalking. The fourth section, "Communities and Culture," describes empirical research on online communities and networks that can be described as deviant by wider society. Lastly, the fifth section, "Regional Perspectives," highlights research in which a terrestrial location is impactful to the online phenomena studied." (Publisher description)
Introduction, 1
PART I: FOUNDATIONS
1 Routine activities theory as a framework for explaining online victimization: A discussion of contributions, limitations and future work / Troy Smith and Kevin Haines, 23
2 Measuring cybercrime and cyberdeviance in surveys / David Buil-Gil, Nicolas Trajtenberg and Marcelo F. Aebi, 44
3 The victim-perpetrator? A gendered theory of incel digital deviance / Stuart Lucy, 73
4 Ethics of covert surveillance in online deviance research using honcypots / Francisco Javier Castro-Toledo and Ana Belen Gomez-Bellvis, 92
5 Grooming to defraud / Martina Dove, 103
6 Perspectives of paid panel survey research in cybercrime victimization and offending: validity of global online market research sampling and data collection / Katalin Parti, Thomas Dearden and James Hawdon, 114
7 Assessing the weight of social capital theory in digital victimization patterns via the Oxford Internet Surveys / 'Shawn Smith, 132
8 Methodological and ethical considerations in cyberbullying research / Ales Bucar Rucman and Ajda Sulc, 149
9 Contextual factors of online deception and harmful information: multidisciplinary perspectives / Kristjan Kikerpill, Elisabeth Carter, Marju Himma and Sten Hansson, 168
10 Cyber outsiders: Julian Assange and the labelling of online activists / Vincenzo Scalia, 188
11 Moving from risk factors to positive online behaviors: an integrated behavioral change approach / Troy Smith, Eric Rutger Leukfeldt and Steve van de Weijer, 201
12 The cultural milieus of online offending / Maryja Supa, 223
PART II: GENDER, SEX, AND SEXUALITY
13 Gender gap and online deviance behavior: Is cyberspace democratizing cybercrime? The case of digital piracy / Ana Belen Gomez-Bellvis and Francisco Javier Castro-Toledo, 239
14 Sextortion online: characteristics, challenges, and pathways forward / Roberta L. O'Malley, 250
15 Online sex work: deviance and innovation / Aaron Hammes and Danielle Blunt, 269
16 The struggle with stigma in sex work: webcam models' strategies for stigma management / Hannah DeLacey, 286
17 A sentiment analysis of men's comments on a sex work forum / Roderick S. Graham, 308
18 "I do not believe that talking about this kind of stuff is a way to diminish feminist battles." An online controversy in the Italian manosphere / Manolo Farci and Oscar Ricci, 321
19 "Is my fear of transphobia just a little out of control?" A qualitative exploration of the use of online forums by trans people / Susana Avalos, 339
20 Other as self-identity, safety and perception of deviance concerning sexual minorities / Helidth Ravenholm, 354
21 Female extremists and the role of gender, sex and sexuality / Nina Kdsebage and Sybille Reinke de Buitrago, 381
PART III: VIOLENCE AND AGGRESSION
22 Self-reported ethnic-based cyberbullying victimization in Portugal: prevalence and implications for criminology / Gloria Ferndndez-Pacheco Alises, Paula C. Martins and Silvia M. Mendes, 403
23 Moral disaffiliation in cyber incitement to hatred and violence: a discourse semantic approach / Awni Etaywe, 419
24 Follower weaponization: reimagining violence in the technological landscape / Alice Fox, 442
25 Attacks on refugee reception centres in Finland between 2015 and 2017-a case analysis of hive terrorism / Tommi Kotonen and Heikki Kovalainen, 458
26 You are un-welcome: caste-based hate speech online / Shivangi Narayan, 471
27 What happens on the digital street, stays on the digital street? An examination of provocations, threats, and beefs in the online drill culture in Rotterdam / Robert A. Roks and Jeroen van den Droek, 485
28 What drives aggressive online behavior among adults? A literature review and explanatory model integrating individual, situational, and social status determinants / Lea Stahel, 503
29 Sub theme: methods and data: online deviance through the lens of Sociotechnical Interaction Network (STIN): case study of cyber trolls / Kanika Sharma, 522
PART IV: PLATFORMS, COMMUNITIES, AND CULTURE
30 Interacting with online deviant subcultures: gendered experiences of interviewing incels / Jan Christoffer Andersen and Lisa Sugiura, 537
31 Legitimisation of grey activities in online space: an example of metal detectorists / Diana Berzina, 554
32 Collective criminal efficacy in online illicit communities / Taylor Fisher, 569
33 Characteristics of the Dark Web's online drug culture / Ari Haasio, Piotr Siuda and J. Tuomas Harviainen, 586
34 Opinion formation through social networks in the Baby Boomer generation / Susanne Ardisson and Laura Kobsch, 598
35 Narratives of blame and absolution: framing and managing digital risks in harmful sharenting practices / Anita Lavorgna, Morena Tartan and Pamela Ugiuudike, 620
36 The risks of digital governance: automatisation of crime politics / Veronika Nagy, 638
PART V: CONTEXTUALIZING ONLINE DEVIANCE
37 Branding the "bandito influencer": studying cross-platform fame and deviance in the cases of Er Brasiliano and 1727wrldstar / Nicola Bozzi and Stefano Brilli, 661
38 Anti-migrant groups in Calais and Dover: protecting online resources while engaging in digital vigilantism and hate speech / Mattbijs Gardenier, 679
39 Doxxing as a deviant behaviour: a critical analysis of Hong Kong's criminal law reform against doxxing activities / Aaron H. L. Wong, Paul Vinod Khiatani and Wing Hong Chui, 705
40 Addressing cyber deviance in hybrid political systems: insights from Bangladesh / Syed Mahfujul Haque Marjan, 721
41 Studying nationalism in an online setting: a Russian far-right community on Vkontakte social media platform / Petr Oskolkov, 737
PART I: FOUNDATIONS
1 Routine activities theory as a framework for explaining online victimization: A discussion of contributions, limitations and future work / Troy Smith and Kevin Haines, 23
2 Measuring cybercrime and cyberdeviance in surveys / David Buil-Gil, Nicolas Trajtenberg and Marcelo F. Aebi, 44
3 The victim-perpetrator? A gendered theory of incel digital deviance / Stuart Lucy, 73
4 Ethics of covert surveillance in online deviance research using honcypots / Francisco Javier Castro-Toledo and Ana Belen Gomez-Bellvis, 92
5 Grooming to defraud / Martina Dove, 103
6 Perspectives of paid panel survey research in cybercrime victimization and offending: validity of global online market research sampling and data collection / Katalin Parti, Thomas Dearden and James Hawdon, 114
7 Assessing the weight of social capital theory in digital victimization patterns via the Oxford Internet Surveys / 'Shawn Smith, 132
8 Methodological and ethical considerations in cyberbullying research / Ales Bucar Rucman and Ajda Sulc, 149
9 Contextual factors of online deception and harmful information: multidisciplinary perspectives / Kristjan Kikerpill, Elisabeth Carter, Marju Himma and Sten Hansson, 168
10 Cyber outsiders: Julian Assange and the labelling of online activists / Vincenzo Scalia, 188
11 Moving from risk factors to positive online behaviors: an integrated behavioral change approach / Troy Smith, Eric Rutger Leukfeldt and Steve van de Weijer, 201
12 The cultural milieus of online offending / Maryja Supa, 223
PART II: GENDER, SEX, AND SEXUALITY
13 Gender gap and online deviance behavior: Is cyberspace democratizing cybercrime? The case of digital piracy / Ana Belen Gomez-Bellvis and Francisco Javier Castro-Toledo, 239
14 Sextortion online: characteristics, challenges, and pathways forward / Roberta L. O'Malley, 250
15 Online sex work: deviance and innovation / Aaron Hammes and Danielle Blunt, 269
16 The struggle with stigma in sex work: webcam models' strategies for stigma management / Hannah DeLacey, 286
17 A sentiment analysis of men's comments on a sex work forum / Roderick S. Graham, 308
18 "I do not believe that talking about this kind of stuff is a way to diminish feminist battles." An online controversy in the Italian manosphere / Manolo Farci and Oscar Ricci, 321
19 "Is my fear of transphobia just a little out of control?" A qualitative exploration of the use of online forums by trans people / Susana Avalos, 339
20 Other as self-identity, safety and perception of deviance concerning sexual minorities / Helidth Ravenholm, 354
21 Female extremists and the role of gender, sex and sexuality / Nina Kdsebage and Sybille Reinke de Buitrago, 381
PART III: VIOLENCE AND AGGRESSION
22 Self-reported ethnic-based cyberbullying victimization in Portugal: prevalence and implications for criminology / Gloria Ferndndez-Pacheco Alises, Paula C. Martins and Silvia M. Mendes, 403
23 Moral disaffiliation in cyber incitement to hatred and violence: a discourse semantic approach / Awni Etaywe, 419
24 Follower weaponization: reimagining violence in the technological landscape / Alice Fox, 442
25 Attacks on refugee reception centres in Finland between 2015 and 2017-a case analysis of hive terrorism / Tommi Kotonen and Heikki Kovalainen, 458
26 You are un-welcome: caste-based hate speech online / Shivangi Narayan, 471
27 What happens on the digital street, stays on the digital street? An examination of provocations, threats, and beefs in the online drill culture in Rotterdam / Robert A. Roks and Jeroen van den Droek, 485
28 What drives aggressive online behavior among adults? A literature review and explanatory model integrating individual, situational, and social status determinants / Lea Stahel, 503
29 Sub theme: methods and data: online deviance through the lens of Sociotechnical Interaction Network (STIN): case study of cyber trolls / Kanika Sharma, 522
PART IV: PLATFORMS, COMMUNITIES, AND CULTURE
30 Interacting with online deviant subcultures: gendered experiences of interviewing incels / Jan Christoffer Andersen and Lisa Sugiura, 537
31 Legitimisation of grey activities in online space: an example of metal detectorists / Diana Berzina, 554
32 Collective criminal efficacy in online illicit communities / Taylor Fisher, 569
33 Characteristics of the Dark Web's online drug culture / Ari Haasio, Piotr Siuda and J. Tuomas Harviainen, 586
34 Opinion formation through social networks in the Baby Boomer generation / Susanne Ardisson and Laura Kobsch, 598
35 Narratives of blame and absolution: framing and managing digital risks in harmful sharenting practices / Anita Lavorgna, Morena Tartan and Pamela Ugiuudike, 620
36 The risks of digital governance: automatisation of crime politics / Veronika Nagy, 638
PART V: CONTEXTUALIZING ONLINE DEVIANCE
37 Branding the "bandito influencer": studying cross-platform fame and deviance in the cases of Er Brasiliano and 1727wrldstar / Nicola Bozzi and Stefano Brilli, 661
38 Anti-migrant groups in Calais and Dover: protecting online resources while engaging in digital vigilantism and hate speech / Mattbijs Gardenier, 679
39 Doxxing as a deviant behaviour: a critical analysis of Hong Kong's criminal law reform against doxxing activities / Aaron H. L. Wong, Paul Vinod Khiatani and Wing Hong Chui, 705
40 Addressing cyber deviance in hybrid political systems: insights from Bangladesh / Syed Mahfujul Haque Marjan, 721
41 Studying nationalism in an online setting: a Russian far-right community on Vkontakte social media platform / Petr Oskolkov, 737
