"In 2023, Tunisia’s media landscape faced significant challenges, prominently shaped by the implementation of decree-law No. 54 of 2022. Ostensibly aimed at curbing hate speech and disinformation, and characterised by its ambiguous and broad terms, has had a profound impact on freedom of expression in the country. It has instilled a pervasive atmosphere of fear and uncertainty among journalists, activists, and citizens. The ramifications are multifaceted, leading to increased self-censorship, strategic adaptations by media outlets, and a notable rise in state surveillance. Emblematic cases, such as the arrest of a prominent radio director, reflect a broader trend of governmental efforts to restrict press freedom and control public discourse. These developments have not only curtailed the freedom of the press but also contributed to a disturbing shift in public opinion towards more authoritarian views on liberties and individual freedoms. The situation highlights the precarious and deteriorating state of media freedom in Tunisia, where government actions have significantly stifled dissent and critical journalism.
A new context for political participation
Since the political upheaval of July 25th, 2021, Tunisia’s political landscape has undergone significant transformations, affecting how citizens engage in politics. The adoption of the 2022 constitution and changes in institutional frameworks have altered the nature and significance of conventional political participation methods, including elections, protests, and other forms of engagement. The credibility of the political process and its viability for political representation have been questioned, especially by the opposition. New electoral laws have reshaped the electoral landscape, favoring locally influential individuals over political parties. This has led to a strategic self-exclusion from elections by most opposition parties, who view participation under current conditions as legitimizing a repressive and undemocratic system. Low voter turnout in recent elections reflects public disengagement, raising questions about the effectiveness of the electoral system without opposition participation. Increasing abstentionism, characterized by low voter turnout and disengagement from party politics, is not solely due to a lack of awareness but also reflects a deeper disillusionment with the political class. Fostering political participation in Tunisia is challenging due to speech restrictions and the risk of persecution under laws against misinformation. International aid must be cautious, balancing support for media development with the safety of those involved. Programs must foster dialogue and trust, navigating the delicate situation where promoting open political expression can lead to legal jeopardy. Understanding these dynamics is key for aiding Tunisia's political engagement and media landscape." (Summary of key findings, page 6)
A new context for political participation
Since the political upheaval of July 25th, 2021, Tunisia’s political landscape has undergone significant transformations, affecting how citizens engage in politics. The adoption of the 2022 constitution and changes in institutional frameworks have altered the nature and significance of conventional political participation methods, including elections, protests, and other forms of engagement. The credibility of the political process and its viability for political representation have been questioned, especially by the opposition. New electoral laws have reshaped the electoral landscape, favoring locally influential individuals over political parties. This has led to a strategic self-exclusion from elections by most opposition parties, who view participation under current conditions as legitimizing a repressive and undemocratic system. Low voter turnout in recent elections reflects public disengagement, raising questions about the effectiveness of the electoral system without opposition participation. Increasing abstentionism, characterized by low voter turnout and disengagement from party politics, is not solely due to a lack of awareness but also reflects a deeper disillusionment with the political class. Fostering political participation in Tunisia is challenging due to speech restrictions and the risk of persecution under laws against misinformation. International aid must be cautious, balancing support for media development with the safety of those involved. Programs must foster dialogue and trust, navigating the delicate situation where promoting open political expression can lead to legal jeopardy. Understanding these dynamics is key for aiding Tunisia's political engagement and media landscape." (Summary of key findings, page 6)
