Filter
345
Featured
Free Access
302
Inspiring Practice
4
Key Guidance
19
Quick Overview
2
Top Insights
22
Topics
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
87
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
36
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
30
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
24
COVID-19 Communication
17
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
14
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
13
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
13
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
12
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
12
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
12
Election Campaigns: Social Media
12
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
11
Facebook
11
Countering Defamation & Harassment
11
Propaganda
10
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
10
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
7
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
7
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
7
Twitter & Microblogs
7
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
7
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
6
Extremist Recruitment through Media
6
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
6
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
6
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
6
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
5
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
5
Algorithms & Big Data
5
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
5
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
4
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
4
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
4
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
4
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
4
Countering Misinformation & Rumours
4
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
4
Digital & Information Literacy
4
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
4
Social Media in Political Communication
4
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
4
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
4
Gendered Disinformation
4
Good Practice Examples
4
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
4
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
4
Islamist Communications & Media
4
Antisemitism
4
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
3
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
3
Campaigning: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
3
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
3
Freedom of Expression
3
Crisis Communication
3
Storytelling
3
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
3
Narratives, Narrative Structures
3
Internet Shutdowns
3
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
3
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
3
Artificial Intelligence
3
Gaming, Video Games
3
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
3
Journalism Ethics
3
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
3
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
3
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
3
Digital Literacy: Youth
3
Human Rights
3
Populism
3
Election Monitoring
3
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
2
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
2
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
2
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
2
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
2
Gaming: Uses & Effects
2
Campaigning: Experiences
2
Campaigning: Message Design
2
Campaigning: Planning & Implementation
2
Election Campaigns
2
Communication Rights
2
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
2
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
2
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
2
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
2
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
2
Rumours & Rumour Management
2
Memes
2
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
2
Edutainment Television Programmes
2
Bots
2
Telegram
2
YouTube
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
Environmental Disinformation & Misinformation
2
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
2
Reporting on Disinformation & Misinformation
2
Educational Games, Serious Games
2
Humour, Parody, Satire
2
Ethics in Media & Communication
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Impact Assessment & Outcome Evaluation
2
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
2
Gender-Sensitive Language
2
Nazism
2
European Union (EU)
2
United Nations (UN)
2
Election Reporting
2
Media & Information Literacy
2
Media Literacy: Youth
2
Social Media Landscapes
2
Media Law & Regulation
2
Religious Freedom
2
Political Extremism
2
Right-Wing Extremism
2
Public Media, State Media
2
Persuasive Communication
2
Interreligious Dialogue
2
Jihad
2
Research Methods
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
2
Advocacy Campaigns
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Digital & Social Media Use: Children
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Authoritarian Discourse
1
Campaigning
1
Campaign Strategies
1
Digital Media Campaigns
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Digital Literacy: Children
1
School Radios
1
Digital Rights
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Freedom of Expression Principles
1
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
1
Censorship
1
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
1
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
1
Nonprofit Public Relations: Design & Implementation
1
Viral Spots & Viral Online Communication
1
Community Communication
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Perpetrators
1
Boko Haram
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Early Warning: Conflicts & Crises
1
Enemy Images
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
1
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
1
Violence in the Media: Video Games
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Media Quality
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
1
Development Assistance
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
Funding Criteria & Priorities
1
Behaviour Change Communication
1
Edutainment Health Programmes
1
Edutainment Radio Programmes
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Media Landscapes
1
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Political Blogging
1
Political Microtargeting
1
Political Websites & Online Communities
1
Digital Media Markets
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
TikTok
1
WhatsApp
1
Trolling (Social Media)
1
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
1
Romani People
1
Stop.Fake.org (Internet Portal, Kiev)
1
Effects of Disinformation on Democracy
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Educational Policies
1
Environmental Education
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Environmental Communication
1
Biodiversity Communication
1
Communication for Sustainable Development
1
Environmental Communication in Social Media, User-Generated Contents
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Environmental Communication
1
Defamation, Libel, Slander
1
Defamation Law & Regulation
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
1
Evaluation Methods: Using Communication Tools
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Relations
1
Collaboration
1
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
1
UNESCO
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
1
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
1
Journalism
1
Investigative Journalism
1
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalistic Skills
1
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Mobile Journalism, Video Journalism
1
Photojournalism
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Media Assistance
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
1
Media Assistance: Religious Diversity, Religious Media
1
Crowdsourcing
1
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
1
Mindfulness, Mindful Communication
1
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Judiciary & Penal System
1
Corporate Social Responsibility
1
Popular Music
1
Photography
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
1
Political Communication
1
Political Transition and Media
1
Public Opinion Manipulation
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Muslim Radio Broadcasting
1
Cyberpsychology
1
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
1
Media Effects
1
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
1
Parasocial Interaction
1
Manipulation
1
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
1
Religion and Communication
1
Taliban
1
Islam and Communication
1
Yazidism, Yazidis, Yezidis
1
Randomised Control Trials & (Quasi-) Experimental Designs
1
Research Report Writing
1
Youth Violence & Violence Prevention
1
Civic Coalitions
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
1
Robots, Robotics
1
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
1
SMS
1
Visual Communication
1
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
1
Youth, Adolescents
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Beyond Fake News: The Central African Republic’s Hate Speech Problem
United States Institute of Peace (USIP), August 16 (2021)
"After a recent contested election, the Central African Republic finds itself in a precarious situation. Violence around the election combined with the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 and destructive flooding have caused the humanitarian emergency to reach its worst state in five years. Meanwhile
...
Resist 2: Counter-Disinformation Toolkit
Key Guidance
Government Communication Service (GCS) (2021), 59 pp.
"This refreshed version of the RESIST toolkit reflects the new realities of the threat that mis- and disinformation poses today. It explores new techniques and tactics, and how organisations can effectively identify, monitor and respond. The toolkit takes a systematic, evidence-based approach for he
...
Social Media Hate Speech Mitigation Field Guide
#defyhatenow (2021), 80 pp.
No Excuse for Abuse: What Social Media Companies Can Do Now to Combat Online Harassment and Empower Users
PEN America (2021), 7 pp.
"To ensure that social media becomes safer, more open, and more equitable for all users, platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram must prioritize curbing online harassment. In this report, PEN America proposes concrete, actionable changes that social media companies should make immediately to
...
Combating Disinformation in the Arab World. Case Study: The COVID-19 Pandemic
Arab Reporters for Investigative Journalism (ARIJ);Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2021), 43 pp.
"In this paper, ARIJ proposes the following recommendations which target the greater media community. This includes media institutions concerned with the press, unions, press unions and donors who support this venture. We maintain that disinformation is a product of a social and political environmen
...
How freelance journalists can battle mis- and disinformation in news
Freelance Journalism Assembly;European Journalism Centre (2021), 4 pp.
"As a freelance journalist, you will often work independently or outside of a newsroom. Sharpening your fact-checking and verification skills is vital to protect both you and your stories from mis- and disinformation. Knowing the networks and resources you can turn to for help means you’re not alo
...
Disinformation Toolkit 2.0: How Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations Can Combat Harmful Mis- and Disinformation
Key Guidance
InterAction (2021), 49 pp.
"This report includes framing context to strategically understand and respond to disinformation in the aid sector (part 1), followed by three separate but linked sets of analyses, recommendations, and tools (parts 2, 3, and 4) spanning core perspectives relevant to InterAction Member organizations.
...
How to Counter Disinformation: 10 Strategic Demands
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Stiftung (2021), 8 pp.
"1 Words matter: Use the correct terms
2 Images and emotions: Understanding the entire range of disinformation
3 Creating structures for the digital education of every age group
4 Securing the freedom of expression: Smart regulation against overblocking
5 A modern constitutional state
6 Focus on tec
...
Information Saves Lives: Tackling Rumors, Myths and Misinformation in the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Arcata, Calif.; Washington, DC: Internews;USAID (2021), 24 pp.
"In the Eastern DRC where the 10th Ebola epidemic was coming to an end, the advent of COVID-19 raised additional concern of dealing with two major health emergencies at the same time with implications for effective audience engagement, and compliance to public health measures. These concerns came ag
...
Counter-Terrorism, Social Media and the Regulation of Extremist Content
In: Counter-Terrorism: The Ethical Issues
Seumas Miller; Adam Henschke; Jonas Feltes (eds.)
Edward Elgar Publishing (2021), pp. 116-128
"As highlighted above, the development and refinement of counter-terrorism policies and practices by social media and technology companies has come about as a function of the evolving nature of terrorist and extremist entities’ exploitation of said platforms. The challenges highlighted above, name
...
Trends in combating fake news on social media: A survey
Journal of Information and Telecommunication, volume 5, issue 2 (2021), pp. 247-266
"This study explores the various methods of combating fake news on social media such as Natural Language Processing, Hybrid model. We surmised that detecting fake news is a challenging and complex issue, however, it remains a workable task. Revelation in this study holds that the application of hybr
...
Desinformation: Risiken, Regulierungslücken und adäquate Gegenmaßnahmen
Top Insights
Düsseldorf: Landesanstalt für Medien NRW;Hans-Bredow-Institut (2021), 97 pp.
"Auf der Grundlage der identifizierten Schutzlücken erarbeitet das Gutachten mögliche Gegenmaßnahmen und beschreibt die nötigen Wirkungsvoraussetzungen. Die zentrale Frage lautet: Welche Risikopotenziale für individuelle und gesellschaftliche Interessen weist Desinformation auf und welche Gover
...
Disinformation and freedom of opinion and expression: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression
Quick Overview
United Nations, General Assembly (2021), 20 pp.
"In the present report, the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression examines the threats posed by disinformation to human rights, democratic institutions and development processes. While acknowledging the complexities and challenges posed
...
Authoritarianism and Gendered Disinformation: A Case Study of the Philippines
Washington, DC: Elliott School of International Affairs Global Capstone;#ShePersisted (2021), 39 pp.
"First, disinformation is enabled by the Philippines' history of colonialism and martial law, high social media usage and low digital literacy, compounding crises, strongman governance, and sexist and misogynist rhetoric from elected leaders. While the first three factors create conditions that gene
...
Review of social science research on the impact of countermeasures against influence operations
Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 2, issue 5 (2021), 17 pp.
"Based on key term searches and forward and backward citation mapping, we constructed a review of 223 studies published since 1972 related to countermeasures designed to combat influence operations. Each identified study included: (1) a source of variation in exposure to countermeasures; (2) a clear
...
Adapting Security Warnings to Counter Online Disinformation
USENIX Security Symposium (2021), 18 pp.
"Disinformation is proliferating on the internet, and platforms are responding by attaching warnings to content. There is little evidence, however, that these warnings help users identify or avoid disinformation. In this work, we adapt methods and results from the information security warning litera
...
Effective state practices against disinformation: Four country case studies
Helsinki: European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (Hybrid CoE) (2021), 30 pp.
"[...] this Research Report has selected four country case studies: Sweden, Canada, the United Kingdom, and France. Obviously, other cases would have been interesting, particularly the United States. But the United States is already at the centre of other works, including by Hybrid CoE. Being divers
...
Desmontando la mentira: Dos años bajo la lupa del OVFN Observatorio Venezolano de Fake News
Caracas: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello (UCAB);abediciones;Medianálisis (2021), 210 pp.
"Con la vista fija en una mejor calidad en la percepción misma de la información, así como en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas para disminuir la vulnerabilidad a la manipulación y contrarrestar el secuestro mismo de la libertad de consciencia, surge el Observatorio Venezolano de Fake New
...
El periodismo ante la desinformación
Cartagena: Fundación Gabo (2021), 66 pp.
"Este libro digital descargable de la Fundación Gabo es una macro-relatoría, un esfuerzo por sintetizar y difundir el conocimiento emanado de una serie de actividades -talleres, clases magistrales, charlas- que llevamos a cabo en el marco del Festival Gabo 2020, el cual tuvo como uno de sus temas
...
Renforcer la résilience communautaire et la désinformation dans les régions du nord et du centre, Mali (Tabale Kunkan)
Search for Common Ground (2021), 56 pp.
"L’étude de base du projet « Renforcer la résilience communautaire et la désinformation dans les régions du nord et du centre du Mali intitulé “Tabalé Kunkan’’ a pour but d’établir la situation de référence du projet à partir de laquelle les progrès seront mesurés. Elle a util
...
