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The Changing Landscape of Internet Shutdowns in Africa
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 4216-4233
"There is an evolution underway in terms of how Internet access is perceived and understood. The view that Internet access should be a fundamental right has continued to gain traction. At the same time, concerns are increasing about the very real threat of offline harm posed by the dissemination of
...
Iran: Tightening the Net 2020. After Blood and Shutdowns
London: Article 19 (2020), 63 pp.
"In November 2019, protests broke out across Iran over a fuel price hike; authorities responded with violence and repression. They also disconnected millions of Iranians from the Internet. Iran’s November shutdowns were unprecedented in length and reach. On a vast scale, they cut people off from v
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A Spectrum of Shutdowns: Reframing Internet Shutdowns from Africa
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 4327-4342
"This article explores the prevailing ways Internet shutdowns are currently understood and makes the case for a new conceptualization—one that recognizes the inherent diversity of cases and how and why they are employed. To do so, we focus on Internet shutdowns in Africa, drawing on data collected
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Despots and Disruptions: Five Dimensions of Internet Shutdowns in Africa
Kampala: CIPESA (2019), 12 pp.
"The more undemocratic the system of government, the more likely it is that the Internet will be shut down. To prove this, the authors refer to the annual Democracy Index of the British consulting firm Economist Intelligence Unit of the news magazine of the same name. According to the index, 17 of t
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The Great Firewall of China: How to Build and Control an Alternative Version of the Internet
London: Zed Books (2019), xiii, 385 pp.
Of Blackouts and Bandhs: The Strategy and Structure of Disconnected Protest in India
[author] (2019), 54 pp.
"State governments in India have executed approximately half of the world’s known network shutdowns – large-scale, deliberate disruptions of Internet connectivity, cell phone service, or social media. India is also a hotbed of collective action with widely varying degrees of organization and coo
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Disconnected: A Human Rights-Based Approach to Network Disruptions
Global Network Initiative (2019), 33 pp.
"The statistical study determines that network interferences are more likely to happen at higher rates of expansion of Internet connectivity until a tipping point, suggesting that efforts to extend Internet access in low- and middle-income countries may lead to less overt restrictions. This threshol
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Kept in the Dark: Social and Psychological Impacts of Network Shutdowns in India
New Delhi: Digital Empowerment Foundation (DEF) (2018), 70 pp.
"While the State has been justifying network shutdowns as matters of “national interests”, it is interesting to note that the effect has been the total opposite. Interviewees in Kashmir and Darjeeling have stated that their mistrust in the Indian government has grown due to these actions. These
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A Framework for Calculating the Economic Impact of Internet Disruptions in Sub-Saharan Africa
Kampala: CIPESA (2017), 27 pp.
Security Versus Access: The Impact of Mobile Network Shutdowns. Case Study: Telenor Pakistan
London: Institute for Human Rights and Business (2015), 49 pp.
"Network shutdowns are usually justified on security grounds, and the counterargument is often framed around the impact on freedom of expression. However, the impacts of network shutdowns can have far-reaching, adverse economic and social implications and could affect future economic growth; further
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