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A Guidebook of Broadcast and Newspaper Indicators

Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), 78 pp.

"This guidebook has been developed for use by professionals, policymakers and the research community involved in media development around the world. Its development was based on the UIS questionnaires on media statistics (see Appendices II, III and IV). This guide is not intended to provide a full s ... more

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Barometre des Médias Africains: Senegal 2013 = African Media Barometer: Senegal 2013

Windhoek; Dakar-Fann: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2013), 124 pp.

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India’s Media Boom: The Good News and the Bad

James Painter (ed.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2013), xv, 86 pp.

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Mapping Digital Media: Estonia

Urmas Loit, Andra Siibak

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 84 pp.

"Estonians have demonstrated a keen appetite for digital media uptake. More than three-quarters of the population accesses the internet regularly, and more than half of those are active on social networking platforms. Recent surveys suggest that nearly a quarter of internet users now connect via sma ... more

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Balkan Media Barometer: Macedonia

Zvezdan Georgievski (ed.)

Skopje: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2013), 64 pp.

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Citizen Access to Information in Vanuatu

Aibek Iliasov, Klara Debeljak

InterMedia; ABC International Development (2013), 62 pp.

"This report has eight core sections. In the first three sections we outline the overall purpose of the study, the methodological approach and the overarching insights that emerged from the study. This is followed by a section on key citizen information needs and sources. The fifth section discusses ... more

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Media in a Transitioning Nepal: Does Expansion Translate to Pluralism?

Nirmal Rijal, Jo Tacchi

Creative Industries Journal, volume 6, issue 1 (2013), pp. 57-70

"Characterized by socio-political changes, instability and conflict since 1990, Nepal is a nation in political transition. The media play a significant role in influencing this transition. Since 1990, various global and local factors have contributed to an unprecedented growth in the mass media in N ... more

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Balkan Media Barometer: Bulgaria

Sofia: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2013), 80 pp.

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Fiji: State of Media & Communication Report

Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS); Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC); Australian Aid (AusAID) (2013), 16 pp.

"Policy and Legislation: Since the introduction of the government’s Media Decree in 2012, the Fiji Media Industry Development Authority censors and controls the media industry. The constitution guaranteeing freedom of the press has been suspended since 2009. Threats against local and international ... journalists and editors have been common since the military takeover. Some sections of the Fiji Media Council Code of Ethics are included in the Media Decree but others are left out. Regular amendments create a tense atmosphere in the Fijian media industry. Fiji government representatives nevertheless argue that the various decrees, which were put in place, have empowered the general population by giving them greater voice and improved their access to information. Media Systems: Fiji has had a National Disaster Management Plan since 1995. Radio Fiji and FM96 are used to communicate emergency warnings during natural disasters. The Early Warning System also includes SMS messages, warning sirens, cars with speakers, and word of mouth. Fiji has agreements with telecommunications companies to provide emergency calls for free. During 2011 floods, social network sites were used by people to access information. Most technicians have no formal training and there is no institution in Fiji offering broadcast technicians training. Technicians with formal training may have qualifications in related fields from Fiji National University. There is no formal network of technicians in Fiji. Informal networks and internet forums are used to seek advice and information. FemLINKpacific trains women in content production using radio, video and mobile suitcase transmitters. Capacity Building: Several education and training initiatives are available in the area of media and communications in Fiji; the main institutions are USP and FNU. Fiji is an education hub for the region. Journalists also receive on the job training, and access training and workshops offered by SPC and UN agencies. Recent training has focused on media law training in relation to the new regulations and amendments. FNU offers vocational courses in journalism, media production, and technical skills, and film production. FNU’s completion rate is 80 per cent. Graduate outcomes are recorded. Many graduates choose to work in the NGO sector. FNU is challenged by a shortage of teachers. There is no media association in Fiji. The Fiji Media Council closed following the changes in legislation in 2009 and 2010. Content: Climate change is a national priority. USP is playing a leading role in using participatory approaches to climate change communication. There is a lack of awareness of the impacts of climate change in the general community. There is a reported ‘jargon gap’; bridging this gap is seen as important. There is no targeted training around NCDs for journalists. Climate change communication occurs across many media outlets including radio, TV, Several communication initiatives on the topic of NCDs have been broadcast in Fiji, including radio campaigns and TV documentaries. These are in conjunction with inter-personal communication methods." (Summary of findings) more

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Rebels with a Pen: Observations on the Newly Emerging Media Landscape in Libya

Anja Wollenberg, Jason Pack

Journal of North African Studies, volume 18, issue 2 (2013), pp. 191-210

"This article explores the emergence of a new landscape of local print and broadcast media in revolutionary Libya that is both the result of the dramatic changes that the country has undergone and one of their facilitators. This article analyses the political impact of these new forms of media durin ... more

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Tonga: State of Media & Communication Report

Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS); Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC); Australian Aid (AusAID) (2013), 16 pp.

"Policy and Legislation: Freedom of the Press is guaranteed in Clause 7 of the constitution. Amendments to the constitution in 2003 enabled the government to restrict media freedom. The Communication Act 2000 allows the government to restrict or prohibit content or particular types of content, and r ... egulates the ways in which Tongan culture and identity are represented in the media. The Newspaper Act and Media Operators Act 2003 licenses newspapers as well as broadcasters, and includes a restriction on the importation and sale of foreign media. Media Systems: Technicians typically rely on bilateral assistance programs for donated (but usually old) equipment. Technicians purchase equipment online from companies primarily based in New Zealand. Engineers are keen to work together to pool resources and training from abroad. Tongan technicians are sent overseas for up-skilling, and special trainers are occasionally brought in from overseas; they also maintain their own relationships and seek advice from other technicians overseas. The National Plan for Emergency Information was formulated in 2007 and is undergoing revision. The National Emergency Management Office works with the Red Cross for disaster preparedness. Digicel works closely with the Disaster Management Committee to broadcast information immediately via mobile (SMS) and television; Radio Tonga is also a significant player. In the most recent events where early warning messages were delayed, TBC did not relay them for almost 25 minutes, and people were already on their way to work and school. Capacity Building: The Tonga Institute of Higher Education has Certificate and Diploma courses in journalism; all of the students in 2011 were women. TVET training is perceived as inadequate, with students who have undertaken media internships lacking practical or technical skills. TBC is currently the only active member of PINA in Tonga, and PasiMA has emerged as a player for members of private media. Local politics and competition between different individuals and organisations play a significant role in the success or failure of media associations and organisations in Tonga. Content: The balance and quality of international content as compared with locally produced content represents a key concern for members of the media industry. Tonga has a formal communications plan as part of the Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change program (PACC) which focuses on delivery of climate change messages. Many of the messages about climate change need to be simplified, made relevant or translated into Tongan language and concepts. Media experts go to Tonga Family Health or the Government Centre for Women & Children - Ma’a Fafine mo e Famili - for information about NCDs. Tonga Health Promotion Foundation does not undertake any media training and has had little training on how to engage with the media or how media campaigns should work. Telecommunication companies (e.g., Broadcom and Digicel) have been particularly active in NCD awareness activities." (Summary of findings) more

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Comunicación, información y poder en El Salvador: Claves para la democratización

San Salvador: Fundación Comunicándonos (2013), 199 pp.

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The Media of Pakistan: Fostering Inclusion in a Fragile Democracy?

Huma Yusuf, Emrys Schoemaker

London: BBC Media Action (2013), 31 pp.

"The Pakistani media’s democratising function is constrained by its historic role as a state-building tool. The media remains vulnerable amid on-going threats to media professionals and the limitations imposed by the industry’s financial model, which must rely heavily on advertising revenue. The ... more

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Mapping Digital Media: Malaysia

Jo-Ann Ding, Lay Chin Koh, Jacqueline Ann Surin

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 120 pp.

"Two out of three Malaysians regularly use the internet (even though large areas of the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak, where nearly a fifth of the population lives, pose logistical challenges regarding infrastructure) and a third of the population have a 3G mobile subscription. Broadban ... more

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The Media of Iraq Ten Years On: The Problems, the Progress, the Prospects

Abir Awad, Tim Eaton

London: BBC Media Action (2013), 35 pp.

"This briefing argues that the Iraqi media landscape of 2013 may not be the free, plural and professional fourth estate that many in the West had envisaged in 2003 but that it has real strengths – as well as weaknesses – which reflect the reality and complexity of modern Iraq. The seismic shift ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2012: Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Africa

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2013), xix, 455 pp.

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2nd Conference on Media Development in Myanmar, 20-21 May 2013, Yangon: Summary of Presentations

Myanmar Media Development Thematic Working Group; International Media Support (IMS) (2013), 34 pp.

"The 2nd Conference on Media Development in Myanmar took place from May 20-21 2013 in Yangon. With over 300 participants, the conference marked another significant milestone in Myanmar’s media reform process. This report is a summary of the presentations held at this conference. Under the theme � ... more

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Audit des médias par les médias: Rapport final - version definitive

Willy Nindorera, Sylvie Capitant, Tharcisse Ndarugirire

Bujumbura; Paris: Association Burundaise des Radiodiffuseurs (ABR); Université Paris, Institut d’étude du développement économique et social (IEDES) (2013), 168 pp.

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A Critique of the Systems Approaches in Comparative Media Research: A Central and Eastern European Perspective

Terhi Rantanen

Global Media and Communication, volume 9, issue 3 (2013), pp. 257-277

"This article looks critically at the systems approaches in comparative media studies when applied to studying the relationship between media and politics in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). It introduces a concept of methodological systematization consisting of four different components: (1) the r ... more

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Mali

Baba Djourté

Eileen Manka Tabuwe; Hendrik Bussiek (eds.)

Dakar; Johannesburg: Open Society Initiative for West Africa (OSIWA); Africa Governance Monitoring and Advocacy Project (AfriMAP); Open Society Media Program (OSMP) (2013), xi, 96 pp.

"There are over 250 radio stations in Mali, and two TV stations that serve a population of 16 million, of whom one of every five own a TV set. The author argues that Mali’s state broadcaster ORTM must use the opportunity of a new political dispensation and usher in urgent reforms if its rich histo ... more