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Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
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The Sage Handbook of Chinese Digital Media and Communication
Deep Insights
London; Thousan Oaks (Cailf.) et al.: Sage (2026), 800 pp.
"Spanning activism, governance, labor, industry, everyday life, and research methods, the handbook offers a critical and interdisciplinary survey of the field. It explores how the internet and digital media have reshaped political participation, civil society, and national identity; how state regula
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"A collection of research on digital media regulatory interventions across Africa, an area that has largely been overlooked in the literature. It considers a range of perspectives from scholars within and outside Africa on the subject, providing a compendium on digital media regulation on the contin
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Internet Shutdowns in Africa: Technology, Rights and Power
Deep Insights
London: Zed Books; Bloomsbury Publishing (2025), xiv, 286 pp.
"This open access book provides ten in-depth case studies of state-sponsored internet shutdowns across all regions of Africa. In so doing, it offers the first-ever comparative analysis of how African states use internet shutdowns as tools to close civic space, suppress opposition, and maintain power
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Digital and Social Media in Africa
London: University of Westminster Press (2025), xi, 194 pp.
"This book provides case studies on the strategies used by African governments in monitoring and controlling digital and social media, as well as the implications of such actions for claims about media freedom and freedom of expression. Further, the book examines the human rights challenges posed by
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"Throughout 2023, a wide range of social and political developments both locally and globally, had a profound impact on the digital spHere In 2023, Israel’s constant assaults on Palestinian communities in the West Bank, coupled with unprecedented levels of aggression inflicted on Gaza have led to
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Venezuela: A Playbook for Digital Repression
Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (2024), 60 pp.
Digital Citizenship in Africa: Technologies of Agency and Repression
London et al.: Zed Books (2023), xxi, 234 pp.
"With contributions from scholars across the continent, Digital Citizenship in Africa illustrates how citizens have been using VPNs, encryption, and privacy-protecting browsers to resist limits on their rights to privacy and political speech. This book dramatically expands our understanding of the v
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Kazakhstan Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 21 pp.
"This report focuses on the main trends in digital authoritarian technologies used in Kazakhstan from 2017 to 2022. It contextualises the repressive online mechanisms within the changing political landscape. The January 2022 protests tested the grounds of social and political liberties — the seemi
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The everything everywhere censorship in China: China is exporting its model of Internet governance based on digital repression. The free world must protect our values and take back our Internet
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2023), 51 pp.
"Democracies must say no to the technologies, platforms, standards, and frameworks shrewdly proposed by China in various international fora and technical or standards bodies in order to make our Internet more like the one in China. Internet governance must be kept open and participatory for all stak
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Kenya Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 21 pp.
"This report provides an overview of the most prolific instances of digital authoritarianism in Kenya. The report will debrief the most relevant actions and decisions taken by the Kenyan government in recent years that leverage the internet and technology in order to achieve certain political goals.
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Kyrgyzstan Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 24 pp.
"[...] The research has revealed that the incumbent Kyrgyz government is actively suppressing dissent by engaging in information manipulation, passing restrictive laws and attacking free media and investigative journalism. The Kyrgyz government has introduced new laws to regulate online activity, an
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Observatory Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 62 pp.
"Authoritarian practices are not strictly limited to authoritarian states; they are employed by regimes that span the political spectrum. The research approach argues for expanding the understanding of key authoritarian strategies to include persuasion alongside coercion and cooptation, which are id
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Hungary Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 32 pp.
"Incidents that illustrate how digital authoritarianism works in Hungary can be grouped into three categories: gaining control over critical digital infrastructure, silencing and intimidation of dissenting voices, and the use of law to undermine people’s rights. The report demonstrates how these d
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How the Internet is Being Tamed in Russia: Chronicle of State Securitization Measures
Journalism Research, volume 6, issue 1 (2023), pp. 71-92
"As a communicative space, the Russian public sphere is dramatically prosecuted, and it suffers from pathologic efforts to have it systematically shut down. This article looks back into the history of the new restrictive media laws and their framing in the state media. The analysis is disclosing how
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The Unfreedom Monitor: El Salvador Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 24 pp.
"This report analyses two major incidents: the disclosure that Pegasus spyware has been used against journalists from independent media outlets and representa tives of civil society, and Bukele’s legal advisor’s threats against two women journalists for not revealing anonymous sources included i
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Cameroon Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 22 pp.
"This research indicates that the government criminalises free speech by using a vague and broad definition of fake news, and clamps down on dissent and criticism, and that journalists who criticise the government are seen as enemies of the state — as in the case of the jailing of Kingsley Fomunyu
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Hong Kong Country Report
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2023), 22 pp.
"In the global context of digital authoritarianism, Hong Kong may become an important reference for a region in which currently the legal groundwork is laid for what may be more stringent tools of oppression. We can witness a rationalisation and legalisation of this process, where any form of critic
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