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Impact of COVID-19 on Media Freedom, Journalist Safety and Media Viability in Southeast Asia

Tess Bacalla, Jasmine Chandler, Laxman Datt Pant (eds.)

Public Media Alliance; UNESCO; Asia Democracy Network (ADN) (2021), 141 pp.

"This Situation Report on the “Impact of COVID-19 on Media Freedom, Media Business Viability, and the Safety of Journalists in Southeast Asia” offers an insight into the key impacts of the pandemic on the media across nine countries. The report proposes recommendations for enabling sustainable a ... more

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Memo: Multidimensional Remembrance Monitor. Study IV

Michael Papendick, Jonas Rees, Maren Scholz, Andreas Zick

Berlin: Foundation Remembrance Responsibility Future (EVZ) (2021), 44 pp.

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Risk, Victimization and Coping Strategies of Journalists in Mexico and Brazil

Laura Iesue, Sallie Hughes, Sonia Virginia Moreira, Monica Sousa,

Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo, volume 10, issue 1 (2021), pp. 62-81

"There is a growing recognition that journalists are exposed to dangerous or hazardous working conditions in many places worldwide. These conditions are suggested to be linked to greater macro-related structural risks, including changes to the political economy of news that increase labor precarity, ... more

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Engagement Survey & Network Analysis

Adam J. Saffer

Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2021), 19 pp.

"Going more specific into members’ engagement with GFMD, the survey found that the top three reasons organisations participate in GFMD were for information and knowledge exchange (n = 10), policy and decision making support (n = 8), and to build networks (n = 7). Members also indicated that the re ... more

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Spring 2020 Partnership Survey: Findings & Analysis

Internews (2021), 24 pp.

"The Internews Partnership Survey was distributed to all organizations that have received funding through Internews between January 2019 and March 2020. Our goal is to better understand their experience working with Internews and how we can best serve their needs and strengthen these relationships. ... more

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The State of Nonprofit News: Rising to New Challenges and Public Needs in a Crisis Year

Institute for Nonprofit News (2021), 16 pp.

"The INN Index is the most comprehensive study of the state of nonprofit news. Since 2018, the Institute for Nonprofit News has conducted this annual Index survey of its nonprofit news organization members to evaluate the staffing, business models, financials, and editorial focus of newsrooms in the ... more

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Comunicación en tiempos del COVID-19

Instituto para el Desarrollo Rural de Sudamérica (IPDRS); Acción Cultural Loyola (ACLO) (2020), 15 pp.

"En el caso de la población rural, prácticamente 70 % percibe que no tiene suficiente información, en el caso de la población urbana este porcentaje es menor a 50 %. Confrontando esta información con los medios y la disponibilidad, la explicación más razonable es que no se trata necesariament ... more

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Post-Trauma Psychopathology in Journalists: The Influence of Institutional Betrayal and World Assumptions

Zena Dadouch, Michelle M. Lilly

Journalism Practice, volume 15, issue 7 (2020), pp. 955-973

"Journalists are often exposed to potentially traumatic content through their profession. High levels of exposure have been found to predict high levels of psychopathology among journalists, including posttraumatic stress, alcohol use, and depressive symptoms. Predictors of such outcomes have not be ... more

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Myanmar Media's Response to COVID-19

Thal Nyein Thu, Jane Madlyn McElhone, Tessa Piper (eds.)

New York: Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF) (2020), 41 pp.

"In June 2020, MDIF conducted a survey of 36 Myanmar media outlets to gather information about the impact of COVID-19 on their businesses between March and May. They represent a mix of national media, as well as local media from the ethnic states and regions. Their operations are of various sizes: t ... hree media have 70-150 staff, 7 have 20-69, and 26 have 1-19. All the media surveyed felt the impact of COVID-19 almost immediately. Not surprisingly, as this has generally been the experience of media worldwide, commercial revenue decline was often dramatic: half of the survey respondents reported more than a 75% drop in income. Thirty-two of the 36 respondents had advertising revenue prior to the start of the pandemic, and all of them reported that it was negatively affected. All 19 media with print products were obliged to either reduce or even halt production. In response to collapsing revenues, 31 of the 36 survey respondents instituted spending cuts between March and May including, in some cases, cutting salaries and staff. Even as they reeled from the economic impact, Myanmar media also had to adapt their working environments. All the media surveyed quickly instituted work from home practices or else established social distancing in their offices and provided protective equipment for their staff. At the same time, more than half of the media reported having to contend with safety and security challenges. These came in the form of restrictions on movement, websites being blocked, on and offline surveillance, staff harassment and arrests. In common with media in other countries, one bright spot in this bleak picture has been audience growth. MDIF’s survey found that almost all media saw both their digital audiences, and audience engagement, increase. This had a positive knock-on effect for the media, with 30 respondents reporting that during this period they were able to strengthen their digital skills and knowledge due to the increased focus on their online content. The good news that 21 of the 31 respondents that sought emergency funding during the survey period obtained it, is tempered by the reality that the impact of COVID-19 has been deep and will be long lasting. The future for media in Myanmar is precarious." (Introduction) more

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Media Accountability and Journalists: To Whom Do Spanish Professionals Feel Responsible?

María-Ángeles Chaparro-Domínguez, Juan-Carlos Suárez-Villegas, Ruth Rodríguez-Martínez

Journalism Practice, volume 14, issue 7 (2020), pp. 812-829

"This paper analyses to whom Spanish journalists feel responsible. To achieve this objective, we sent out a survey to Spanish journalists to ascertain their opinion on this question. The journalists’ point of view was then compared with that of the general public though six focus groups consisting ... more

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Report: The Perception of COVID-19 Communication in West Africa (non-Sahel)

Abuja: UNESCO (2020), 25 pp.

"According to the respondents (522 respondents), people pay most attention to "prevention methods from COVID-19" (3.82 out of the full score 5). On the contrary, the respondents pay relatively less attention to "Pandemic Statistics (local, national, and international)" (3.55 out of the full score 5) ... more

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Jugend 2019: Eine Generation meldet sich zu Wort

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2020), 383 pp.

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Stronger and Safer Together: Motivations for and Challenges of (Trans)National Collaboration in Investigative Reporting in Latin America

Lourdes M. Cueva Chacón, Magdalena Saldaña

Digital Journalism, volume 9, issue 2 (2020), pp. 196-214

"Despite the growing scholarship on investigative journalism in Latin America, very few studies have addressed collaboration across newsrooms in the region. By analyzing the responses of 251 journalists who work for investigative units in Latin American news outlets, this study explores a) the reaso ... more

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Training Needs Assessment for Namibian Journalists

Christiaan Keulder, Herman Wasserman

Namibia Media Trust (2020), 34 pp.

"1. The survey indicated no significant differences between what journalists and managers considered important skills. Respondents from both groups indicated that formal journalism training was not adequate to the demands of the contemporary, digitized workplace. Training in digital skills can there ... fore be considered a priority area. 2. Further findings however indicated a continued strong emphasis on core journalistic skills such as the ability to exercise journalistic editorial judgement, contextualise stories in ways that make sense to audiences within their contexts and practicing ethical journalism . This finding suggests that future training should not focus exclusively on practical, digital skills but also provide opportunities for journalists to deepen their core skills. This was to a large extent supported by data from the focus groups, where media managers and consumers suggested a combination of new multimedia practical skills with more established journalistic values, especially given the rise of misinformation, which gives journalists the opportunity to set themselves apart from unverified content on the internet. 3. Responses did not suggest a strong need for specialized training in ‘beat’ journalism such as financial journalism. This could be explained by the fact that media convergence across platforms continues apace and the need for general digital skills was seen as more pressing, or that media institutions are under severe financial pressure with dwindling resources, which does not allow for a significant investment in highly specialized reporters. 4. There is a strong need to find alternative sources of revenue for an industry under pressure. The respondents suggested that such sources may take the form of outsourcing certain skills to media consumers, collaborating with consumers or pooling journalistic resources. There might therefore be an increasing need for training that could equip journalists with entrepreneurial, marketing and branding skills. 5. Managerial skills is an important aspect to consider for upskilling journalists entering management. A mentoring scheme could be considered to fulfil this need. 6. Given time and cost considerations, there is scope for experimenting with training formats that do not require full-time attendance, so that journalists can balance training with their work obligations. This could take the form of evening classes, online classes or weekend sessions. 7. Internships for media students could provide practical, on-the-job training at relatively low cost and would fill the need identified by media and journalism students to complement their theoretical curriculum with more practical skills training." (Recommendations) more

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Online surveillance and the repressive Press Council Bill 2018. A two-pronged approach to media self-censorship in Nigeria

Olunifesi Adekunle Suraj

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes, Anna Grøndahl Larsen, Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 80-99

"This chapter examines the perceptions of Nigerian journalists towards the Nigerian Press Council Bill 2018 and the governments’ online surveillance. The study employs survey and interview methods: 217 Nigerian media practitioners selected from print and online media responded to the questionnaire ... more

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The lesser evil? Public opinion towards regulating fake news in three Asian countries

John W. Cheng, Hitoshi Mitomo, Youngkyoung Seo, Artima Kamplean

Paper presented at ITS Online Event, 14-17 June 2020, International Telecommunications Society (ITS) (2020), 15 pp.

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Few Winners, Many Losers: The COVID-19 Pandemic’s Dramatic and Unequal Impact on Independent News Media

Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, Federica Cherubini, Simge Andi

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2020), 31 pp.

"This report presents findings from an analysis of 165 responses to a survey of a strategic sample of known and identified independent news media organisations on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted them, combined with interviews with a critical sample of seven independent news media operating in ... more

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Myanmar Media's Response to COVID-19: A Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF) Survey

Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF) (2020), 39 pp.

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Releasing the power of digital data for development: A guide to new opportunities

London: Frontier Technologies; Department for International Development (DFID) (2020), 107 pp.

"There are 8 conclusions we discuss in this report: (1) There is justified excitement and proven benefits in the use of new digital data sources, particularly where timeliness of data is important or there are persistent gaps in traditional data sources [...] (2) In many cases, improvements in a ... more

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Disorder in the Newsroom: The Media's Perceptions and Response to the Infodemic

Amel Ghani, Sadaf Khan

Media Matters for Democracy; Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2020), 29 pp.

"The research included a survey of 546 journalists along with in-depth interviews of 10 senior reporters and editors in national and international newsrooms based in Pakistan. The survey, aimed at understanding the perception of their ability to identify and counter misinformation, found that almost ... more