"Die hier vorgestellte Untersuchung hatte zum Ziel, unterschiedliche Informationsnutzungstypen im Kontext der Flüchtlingsdebatte in der Bevölkerung Deutschlands zu identifizieren und anhand ihrer persönlichen Merkmale, ihrer Einstellungen gegenüber Geflüchteten und der Flüchtlingspolitik sowie
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bezüglich ihrer Erwartungen an die Medien und Bewertungen der Berichterstattung zu beschreiben. Die quotierte Befragung ist bevölkerungsrepräsentativ für die deutschsprachigen Onliner über 18 Jahre. Die Datenerhebung fand in zwei Wellen im Februar 2016 und Februar 2017 statt. Von den 1579 Teilnehmenden aus dem Jahr 2016 nahm etwas mehr als die Hälfte (53 %) auch an der zweiten Befragung teil. Für das Jahr 2016 ergab die Clusteranalyse vier Nutzergruppen, die Themen-Vielnutzer (29 % der Bevölkerung), die Themen-Vermeider (19 %), die Journalismus-Orientierten (33 %) sowie die Social-Media-Orientierten (20 %). Im Jahr 2017 konnte das Cluster der Social-Media-Orientierten nicht wieder identifiziert werden. Die Veränderungen der Struktur, Größen und Charakteristika der Cluster verdeutlichen, dass parallel zur nachlassenden Berichterstattungsintensität auch die Suche der Bürger nach Informationen zum Thema geringer geworden ist. Die Erwartungen der Befragten an die Berichterstattung haben sich im Jahresverlauf nur wenig verändert. Vor allem die Gruppe der Journalismus-Orientierten weicht deutlicher von den anderen Gruppen ab, die Mitglieder dieser Gruppe erwarten eher eine ausgewogene Berichterstattung, erkennen aber auch gleichzeitig weniger Probleme mit einer angeblich verzerrten Berichterstattung in den Medien zum Flüchtlingsthema. Negative Emotionen, die mit der Berichterstattung verbunden sind, treten verstärkt bei denen auf, die sich (auch) stark auf soziale Medien als Informationsquelle verlassen, oder die sich der themenbezogenen Berichterstattung gar nicht oder nur ganz am Rande widmen. Im Umkehrschluss bedeutet dies, dass diejenigen, die vor allem journalistische Medienangebote nutzen, sich weniger um ihre Familien sorgen, weniger Angst vor Flüchtlingen haben und auch weniger Themenverdrossenheit zeigen." (Zusammenfassung)
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"Die MedienNutzerTypologie (MNT) liefert eine wissenschaftlich fundierte typologische Segmentierung der Mediennutzergruppen in Deutschland. Sie fügt Menschen mit ähnlicher Prägung zu homogenen Gruppen zusammen. Diese einzelnen MedienNutzerTypen unterscheiden sich trennscharf in Hinblick auf ihre
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Programm- und Genreinteressen sowie in ihrer Nutzungsintensität innerhalb ihres Medienportfolios. Das in der Praxis bewährte MNTModell wurde nun um psychografische Merkmale erweitert. Umgangssprachlich formuliert sollte geklärt werden: „Wie ticken die Menschen in ihrem Innersten, was treibt sie an?“ Im Vergleich zu einer früheren Justierungsstudie der MNT mittels Telefonbefragung kam ein völlig anderes, implizites Verfahren zum Einsatz. Das innovative Verfahren des „Emotional Branding Monitor (EBM)“ nutzt einen seit mehreren Jahrzehnten bekannten und viel erforschten „Umweg“ zur Offenlegung unbewusster Wahrnehmung: Befragten werden emotionale Bilder und Begriffe gezeigt, bei denen sie in Sekundenbruchteilen entscheiden sollen, ob diese Stimuli zu einem zu untersuchenden Objekt, in diesem Falle der eigenen Person, passen oder nicht. Mit Hilfe des EBM konnte die MedienNutzerTypologie um die unterbewusste Ebene erweitert und damit emotionale und motivationale Aspekte der Cluster ergänzt werden. So wurde eine Basis für ein besseres Verständnis der Wünsche und Ansprüche der Nutzertypen geschaffen." (Zusammenfassung)
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"The aim of this handbook is to support the work of reporters in covering the variety of conflicts and fragile situations in Africa and beyond in ways that are both gender-transformative and conflict-sensitive. The handbook provides tools for challenging negative stereotypes of masculinity and femin
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inity, portraying women’s lives in conflict settings more accurately and ensuring greater accountability for Women, Peace and Security commitments in the continent. It seeks to contribute to the increase in quality coverage about and by women in Africa. The handbook addresses the specific challenges faced by women reporters when covering conflict settings, and seeks to promote the engaging of more women in reporting on peace and security issues. The goal is to encourage and support men reporters, as key partners to promoting the cause of gender equality and women’s empowerment, to create more inclusive stories." (Page viii)
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"The frequencies of female leaders being sourced in the news were far lower than those of male leaders, especially in the government sector. This demonstrates that female leaders are disappointingly under-represented in the news despite their contribution and participation in the workforce. Female l
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eaders’ invisibility in news content is an indication that their voices and perspectives are not adequately presented. It sends messages to audiences that female leaders do not usually have the authority or do not qualify to be in positions with authority to be in the media spotlight. The news media perpetuate gender stereotypes against female leaders by setting the boundary of work areas that are supposedly more suitable to their femininity through their use of sources. Female sources were sought out more often for news stories on traditionally feminine issues (e.g. children/family, women’s rights, health, poverty reduction, or elderly people). They were almost absent in areas/issues that are often weighted more heavily in the government’s administration, including military/security, real estate; economics; international relations, science and technology, etc. In addition, the news media have contributed to creating and perpetuating stereotypes of what a successful woman should look like in the contemporary Vietnamese society. That is: Only those female leaders who can handle their dual roles and responsibilities both in families as traditional women and in the workplace as modern women are considered ideal. There is a disconnect between journalists’ general perception of gender equality and their attitudes toward female leadership. Journalists perceive that men and women should be treated equally both at home and at work, and that gender inequality is still an issue that Vietnam needs to continue to improve. But they also believe men have traits (e.g. decisive, competitive, etc.) that are congruent to those of leaders, while women do not have qualities to lead." (Executive summary)
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"[...] This is a guide to provide support and advice based on shared experience of others worldwide and includes handy links to other research and IFJ resources. With courage, wit and sheer determination, we’ve seen many journalists demonstrate how to take on trolls, call them out, respond to pate
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ntly false information and posts, factual distortions, propaganda and misogyny. They have flagged trouble-makers who, through incessant trolling, attempt to deliberately misdirect online conversations and derail healthy debate. It is true there are many ways to take this fight back. Importantly, this guide is also a call to solidarity for all media workers, to join together in this fight for freedom of expression and safety online." (Page 2)
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"The Mission: To grow a global coalition of representatives from religions, governments, international organisations, academia and the research community, civil society and elsewhere, working together toward a common objective: defending the dignity of minors and vulnerable adults in the digital wor
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ld. The Vision: To create a digital world where children and vulnerable adults are respected and free to exercise their digital rights and are safe from exploitation and abuse. The Strategy: To achieve 13 goals recognizing the urgent need for an inter-sectoral strategic collaboration which calls upon technology, political and religious leaders, health and social care professionals and others to share responsibility for achieving them. Goal 1: To raise awareness of digital risks especially with respect to primary prevention and safeguarding, and undertake new social research. Goal 2: To mobilise faith leaders to support the implementation of the Declaration. Goal 3: To revise applicable laws to be more effective in preventing abuse. Goal 4: To redefine the responsibilities and actions required by technology companies. Goal 5: To improve provision of child rescue and treatment services. Goal 6: To improve identification and interventions for children and young people at risk. Goal 7: To improve the capabilities and collaborative efforts of international law enforcement organisations. Goal 8: To train clinicians to better serve the needs of victims. Goal 9: To expand treatment resources for people harmed by abuse. Goal 10: To research the health impacts on young people of viewing pornographic images. Goal 11: To set safety standards, agree to a code of conduct, and mandate filtering and age verification to protect children from inappropriate online content. Goal 12: To improve education of children and young people. Goal 13: To ensure all citizens are alert to the risks of abuse and know how to report it." (Executive summary)
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"The study found that all selected economies are working to protect children from online sexual abuse and exploitation. Regardless of their level of Internet penetration, all criminalise the production and distribution of child pornography under domestic law. However, the quality of legislation—wh
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en present—vary. Relevant laws in economies with high Internet penetration tend to have a clear and consistent definition of “child” and “child pornography”, and include offenses facilitated by all Internet-enabled platforms. Economies with high Internet penetration have also enacted laws and developed interventions on other aspects of child online safety, such as children’s exposure to harmful content, cyberbullying and Internet addiction. But there does not seem to be any targeted legislative response to the online privacy of children and the protection of children from information security risks. Moreover, comprehensive measures to equip children with the knowledge, tools and skills necessary for them to manage these risks are still lacking, particularly in developing countries in the region. Recently, in Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines and Singapore, laws have been passed to protect children against cyberbullying. These laws are being criticised for criminalising children and being inconsistent with the right to freedom of expression. Some believe that it is more effective to tackle cyberbullying through awareness-raising and education programmes with parents, guardians, schools and young people themselves. It must be emphasised that drafting and implementing legislation are only one among the many steps that can be taken by governments. The study found that countries have used a mix of measures to address these concerns, including technical tools to filter content, end-user empowerment, and cooperation between multiple stakeholders, including children." (Executive summary, page 3)
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"With 13 religions, 8061 religious centers, 2 million of young people, Catalonia accommodates a wide range of religions. Almost 90% of people own digital devices. In this framework, we aim to study the consumption of digital media by Catalan millennials from all over the region, with only young peop
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le from the city of Barcelona being excluded for the purpose of analysis in future projects. Religious apps, games, websites, online communities and participation in forums are some of the main issues we want to explore. We also aim to establish whether or not these devices contribute to consolidate online religious communities and to achieve inter-religious dialogue. For fulfilling this goal, we surveyed more than 1800 young people aged 12–18 years. Methodology also included in-depth interviews with coordinators from youth organizations and netnography. This research is based on previous investigations into communication, digital media, sociology and religion by authors such as Campbell, Elzo, Leurs and Hemming." (Abstract)
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"The Media-Friendly Glossary on Migration – Middle East Edition details technical terminology relating to forced labour, human trafficking, displacement, refugees and labour migration, and proposes accurate and neutral alternatives to inflammatory and discriminatory terms commonly used. The glossa
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ry also provides a more complete and nuanced understanding of migration. The glossary is produced in English and Arabic, allowing journalists to cover the issues accurately in both languages. It also includes guides on photojournalism, gender-sensitive reporting, and working with victims of trauma. Published in 2017, this version of the Media-Friendly Glossary on Migration – Middle East Edition represents our collective understanding of the terms to date. However, the evolving nature of the migration debate reflects the dynamism of the phenomenon itself." (Foreword)
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