"Drawing on the thought of Max Weber, in particular his theory of stratification, this book engages with the question of whether the digital divide simply extends traditional forms of inequality, or whether it also includes new forms of social exclusion, or perhaps manifests counter-trends that alle
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viate traditional inequalities whilst constituting new modalities of inequality. With attention to the manner in which social stratification in the digital age is reproduced and transformed online, the author develops an account of stratification as it exists in the digital sphere, advancing the position that, just as in the social sphere, inequalities in the online world go beyond the economic elements of inequality. As such, study of the digital divide should focus not simply on class dynamics or economic matters, but cultural aspects - such as status or prestige - and political aspects - such as group affiliations. Demonstrating the enduring relevance of Weber’s distinctions with regard to social inequality, The Third Digital Divide: A Weberian approach to rethinking digital inequalities explores the ways in which online activities and digital skills vary according to crucial sociological dimensions, explaining these in concrete terms in relation to the dynamics of social class, social status and power." (Publisher description)
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"With the increase of digital and networked media in everyday life, researchers have increasingly turned their gaze to the symbolic and cultural elements of technologies. From studying online game communities, locative and social media to YouTube and mobile media, ethnographic approaches to digital
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and networked media have helped to elucidate the dynamic cultural and social dimensions of media practice. The Routledge Companion to Digital Ethnography provides an authoritative, up-to-date, intellectually broad, and conceptually cutting-edge guide to this emergent and diverse area. The Features include: a comprehensive history of computers and digitization in anthropology, exploration of various ethnographic methods in the context of digital tools and network relations, consideration of social networking and communication technologies on a local and global scale and in-depth analyses of different interfaces in ethnography, from mobile technologies to digital archives." (Publisher description)
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"Diese Studie analysiert die Bildberichterstattung in Tageszeitungen und Magazinen zu den Themen »Flucht« und »Migration« anhand ausgewählter Ereignisse. Welche Bilder von Geflüchteten, von Migrantinnen und Migranten werden uns in deutschen Printmedien gezeigt, welche bleiben ungesehen? Wer wi
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rd als Individuum erkennbar, wer bleibt anonym? Wer wird als handlungsmächtig sichtbar und wer nicht? Deutlich wird, dass Pressefotografie keine Wirklichkeit abbildet, sondern eigene Muster der Sichtbarkeit erzeugt. Auch wenn dabei »Fremde« zu sehen sind, zielt die Bildaussage oft auf die Vergewisserung des »Eigenen«, der deutschen Mehrheitsgesellschaft. Ob Geflüchtete als hilfsbedürftig oder als bedrohlich erkennbar werden, hängt maßgeblich von Selektions- und Darstellungskonventionen journalistischer Bildberichterstattung ab." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"This article presents an ethnographic approach to how low-income Brazilians of impoverished urban areas have engaged in community journalism and media activism. Exploring empirical materials collected during a seven-year research process (2009-2016), the article has two main objectives. One is to a
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nalyze how low-income youth reflect on their own processes of engagement in communication for social change (CFSC). Another objective is to demonstrate how ethnography can provide in-depth analyses of trajectories and initiatives in CFSC. The article primarily focuses on retrospective accounts of young adults who had participated in media-educational projects by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and subsequently became active agents of change in, through and about media. The analysis of these accounts indicates how the participation in NGO projects characterize actions for self-development. It also demonstrates how interactions among participants–not necessarily anticipated by NGOs –are crucial for low-income youth to engage in activist media and journalism in peripheral Rio de Janeiro. The article ends with a reflection about how ethnography is a useful method to add in-depth qualitative layers to the evaluation of CFSC initiatives." (Abstract)
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"This preliminary technical report examines the relationship between media uses of Lebanese youth and their potential attraction to extremism—broadly conceived. The study focuses on school students aged 14 to 18 and their teachers. It is based on 16 focus groups distributed across the country and
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covers a total of 80 students and 80 teachers. To research youth’s media uses and their understanding of media and digital literacy, the study examines their use of various media tools: traditional and digital media, as well as social media, games, and smartphones. The qualitative study reveals various types of extremist inclinations among youth, including religious/sectarian, political, familial/tribal, and racial extremism. Some patterns of extremism may be linked to students’ uses of the Internet and social media, as a catalyst or trigger for action. The widespread use of chatting applications shows a potential risk for connection with extremist groups, while the use of violent video games demonstrates a potential link to students’ violent reactions in their communities, as the examples in the report show. Consistently, participating students are especially drawn to violent, horror and action films. The study also reveals that students are less interested in watching television, which has declined in favor of new media platforms. When it comes to policies regarding media uses that aim to protect students from extremism, few schools have them, yet all except one school teacher expressed concerns about their students receiving media messages that incite violent behavior and lead to recruitment by extremist groups. The teachers expressed fear that their students may be potentially encouraged through new media to engage in risky and violent acts, including extremism, terrorism, early sexual behavior, and drug abuse. Despite this fear, findings show that extremism among the young students was the most limited in schools where clear policies regulate media uses, curricula include some digital and media literacy instruction, and teachers follow up with students when they detect signs of extremist behaviors." (Abstract)
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"Turks still have a large number of media outlets available to them, though press freedom is increasingly circumscribed. A significant portion of the population – especially among the better educated – express some degree of dissatisfaction with Turkish media. No single media outlet enjoys clear
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dominance. Widespread access to satellite TV and digital technologies means those who wish to can and do take advantage of foreign media. Among younger Turks, Internet has become the #1 platform for news. Attitudes towards the U.S. appear less negative than in much of the Islamic world, especially among younger Turks." (Key takeaways, Slide 45)
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"Critical gaps in the exchange of humanitarian information include:i) the range of humanitarian messages currently disseminated meets only a part of the communities’ needs [in riverine and coastal areas of Bangladesh], ii) certain messages are ambiguous and people get very limited guidance on how
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to comply withthem, iii) use of some channels (e.g. television) exclude certain groups(e.g. women) and iv) people sometimes cannot comply with the message because of financial and other constraints." (Executive summary, page 8)
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"This practice briefing sets out what BBC Media Action has learned about how media can provide a platform for both men and women to hold their leaders to account, while empowering them to participate in their own communities. Unpicking the challenges faced and the solutions found, it will bring toge
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ther practice and research to examine how effective our factual programmes have been in reaching and impacting on men and women equally. The paper argues that these projects have been effective in building political knowledge, levels of discussion of governance issues and political participation among both men and women. However, it also draws the tentative conclusion that, in Nepal and Bangladesh, the programmes may be less effective at empowering female audiences to participate in politics than men. After setting out the global picture for gender and governance, the paper outlines BBC Media Action’s approach to supporting women to participate in their communities and hold their leaders to account. It then unpacks the challenges of creating gender-sensitive governance programmes and weighs up how successful BBC Media Action has been in reaching and impacting women. The paper concludes with some recommendations to inform future programming." (BBC Media Action website)
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"The trade publishing sector in South Africa produces books primarily in English and Afrikaans, which is not representative of the spread of languages spoken in the country. In particular, there are very few books published for general readers in the local African languages. The Indigenous Language
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Publishing Programme (ILPP) is a government-sponsored initiative that aims to improve this situation. This article assesses the impact and sustainability of the ILPP as an attempt to represent the official languages more equally in the publishing industry. Our study, based on an analysis of documents and interviews, found that the national language and book policies have not been well implemented, which is a failure in terms of reaching constitutional ideals. Moreover, despite the ILPP being an attempt at creating language equality, the initiative seems not to be sustainable because it is reliant on external funding. The Department of Arts and Culture (DAC) is not willing to fund such a project on an ongoing basis, which puts the programme’s longevity at risk. As a result, the ILPP’s influence remains limited. The minority languages remain under-represented and this raises questions about whether there is in fact a viable market for books in all of the South African languages." (Abstract)
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"Berg examines the conditions under which Peruvians of rural and working-class origins leave the central highlands to migrate to the United States. Migrants often create new portrayals of themselves to overcome the class and racial biases that they had faced in their home country, as well as to cont
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rol the images they share of themselves with others back home. Migrant videos, for example, which document migrants’ lives for family back home, are often sanitized to avoid causing worry." (Publisher description)
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"Much has been written about disasters and large-scale tragedies, but this research concentrates on individual loss and the relationship between journalist and vulnerable interviewee. While much discussion in this area is negative, focusing on the ethics of intrusion and journalists who act insensit
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ively under pressure, the authors’ aim is to turn this focus around by looking at best practice in encounters between reporters and the bereaved, survivors and the vulnerable. It is hoped that by examining contemporary death reporting, explaining its public service role, proposing a new model of ethical participation and offering a structure for sensitive interviewing, the most harmful aspects of the process can be reduced for both the journalist and, more importantly, the grieving and the victims. The work is based on years of research by the authors, on interviews with journalists, journalism educators, bereaved families and support groups and is supplemented with a detailed analysis of the reporting of death across academic disciplines and perspectives." (Publisher description)
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"We trust this guide will support you in creating exciting and impactful content for the airwaves and community outreach activities around young people’s sexual and reproductive health and rights. We have compiled this guide based on our experience and learning in our youth radio projects across S
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outh Africa and the African continent. Young people are trained as youth reporters to record the stories and experiences of their peers and communities. Then they create radio programmes and host public events so that we all can learn, connect and make better choices for ourselves. The youth reporters use a guide that helps them understand the topic, choose a focus, research and build a radio show and community outreach. The process has been working really well, so we wanted to share the tools with you all. Perhaps you are already a youth reporter at a local radio station, a high school student, a member of a community-based organisation, a teacher, a librarian or you belong to an non-governmental organisation (NGO) - someone who believes in their community and wants to make a change. Well, this guide on how to conduct community outreaches can take you to the next level." (General introduction to the manual, page 2)
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"In Australia in the 1980s, large numbers of remote Indigenous radio stations were established due to a perception that the introduction of ‘mainstream’ satellite programming in remote areas would act as a form of cultural ‘nerve gas’ (Remedio, 2012: 295) that would threaten ‘the very isol
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ation that had helped to preserve what remained of traditional language and culture’ (Guster, 2010: 9). There are parallels here with the development of remote media in Mexico and Canada, where local radio networks focusing on cultural content production were established in response to impending development and imposed sources of mass media. In each country, broadcasters in remote communities have, in recent years, been producing increasing amounts of hyper-local cultural and language-based content. This article examines the role played by Indigenous media in remote areas of Australia, Canada and Mexico in creating an alternative cultural voice for traditional communities and maintaining language and culture." (Abstract)
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"A journalist is a person who involves in activities such as writing/ reporting for newspapers, magazines or on news websites in order to be published/ broadcasted. The journalists have social responsibility i.e. objective reporting. Media is the "Fourth Estate" and journalists are the watchdogs of
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society. In order to carry out the healthy practice of journalism the journalists need to be free and the circumstances need to be safe. Journalist safety is the most important aspect of press freedom. The other question that arises time and again is about the representation of women in Media. Even the concept of gender inequality might have changed over the course of time and the representation of women is still minimal. Women have not gained parity with men in terms of participation and decision making." (Abstract)
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"This cutting-edge handbook brings together an international roster of scholars to examine many facets of comics and graphic novels. Contributor essays provide authoritative, up-to-date overviews of the major topics and questions within comic studies, offering readers a truly global approach to unde
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rstanding the field. Essays examine: the history of the temporal, geographical, and formal development of comics, including topics like art comics, manga, comix, and the comics code; issues such as authorship, ethics, adaptation, and translating comics connections between comics and other artistic media (drawing, caricature, film) as well as the linkages between comics and other academic fields like linguistics and philosophy; new perspectives on comics genres, from funny animal comics to war comics to romance comics and beyond." (Publisher description)
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"This book explores the transnational mobility, everyday life and digital media use of childcare workers living and working abroad. Focusing specifically on Filipina, Indonesian, and Sri Lankan nannies in Europe, it offers insights as to the causes and implications of women’s mobility, using data
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drawn from ethnographic research examining transnational migration, work experiences, family, and relationships. While drawing attention to the hidden, largely invisible and marginalized lives of these women, this research reveals the ways in which digital media, especially the use of mobile phones and the Internet, empower them but also continue to reinforce existing power relations and inequalities. Drawing on a wide range of perspectives from media and communications, sociology, cultural studies and anthropology, the book combines theoretical perspectives with grounded case studies." (Publisher description)
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