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Archiving (lost) nature: Hybrid experiences and memorization through participatory digital archives

Helen Verploegen

Journal of Environmental Media, volume 3, issue 1 (2022), pp. 273-292

"Waarneming.nl is the largest nature observation platform in the Netherlands, with over 70,000 users contributing data on biodiversity through their website and mobile applications. Using Waarneming.nl as an example, the theoretical exploration in this article offers a new lens to look at platforms ... more

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Les politiciens et les usagers des réseaux sociaux sont les plus susceptibles de diffuser des nouvelles qu'ils savents fausses, selon les Nigériens

Afrobarometer (2022), 5 pp.

"Les Nigériens sont majoritaires à penser que les politiciens et les partis politiques (63%) et les usagers des réseaux sociaux (57%) diffusent "souvent" ou "quelque fois" des informations qu'ils savent fausses. Des grandes majorites des citoyens nigeriens estiment que le gouvernement devrait pou ... more

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“It's not paranoia if they really are out to get you”: Navigating risk to journalists when connected devices are everywhere

Anjuli R. K. Shere, Jason R. C. Nurse, Andrew Martin

IAMCR 2022 Conference “Communication Research in the Era of Neo-Globalisation: Reorientations, Challenges and Changing Contexts” (2022), 18 pp.

"The consumer Internet of Things (IoT) is a fast-growing area of technology, increasingly embedded in the public and private spheres, including both in and on bodies. There are various security concerns and academic investigations into potential risks of this expansion, but none yet specifically add ... ressing the implications to journalists and the democratic pillar of press freedom. Not only are risks to this community not yet assessed, but IoT threats generally are not communicated without technical jargon, making them inaccessible to non-experts. Given the importance of a free press, mapping IoT devices and, crucially, communicating associated risk in ways understandable and actionable to journalists themselves, is key. Journalists and the press are particularly at-risk from IoT devices that may feature in the environments with which they must regularly interact because of the fundamental imperative of source confidentiality. Previous research demonstrated that members of the press are largely unaware of the ways in which the IoT can threaten their work and wellbeing. The networked capabilities of IoT devices increases the ease with which well-resourced threat actors can target journalists who routinely handle confidential information and are already at risk around the world from a variety of non-IoT threats. This paper therefore presents a novel categorisation of both ambient and wearable consumer IoT devices according to the environments in which journalists are most likely to interact with them. It draws on related academic work classifying devices for technical audiences to create a system that is accessible to journalists and their sources. Its goal is to make members of the media aware of the prevalence of these technologies and which of the devices’ capabilities may increase their individual risk. Useful risk assessments cannot be undertaken without an accurate understanding of where threats may be encountered. By systematically outlining risks in numerous environments, this taxonomy can be easily incorporated into existing security training materials and risk assessments for journalists. This paper presents a novel taxonomy to codify and organise IoT present in different environments, with examples of how journalists and their work could be impacted, both passively (i.e. via surveillance) or actively (i.e. via information theft). It also discusses how different environments that may contain IoT devices are often under the control of actors whom journalists cannot easily influence, nor protect themselves against. Especially as these devices continue to proliferate, journalistic risk from IoT devices in surrounding environments are growing. It is therefore important to address the contemporary and emerging risks to journalism that are associated with connected devices. This paper enables journalists and readers to not only visualise and conceptualise how IoT devices in different environments may create risks, its user-focused language and organisation also empower journalists to begin to use this taxonomy for awareness, mitigation, and protective purposes." (Abstract) more

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World Cinema in the Age of Netflix

Studies in World Cinema, volume 2, issue 1-2 (2022), pp. 1-184

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Fluter. Soziale Medien

Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2022), 50 pp.

"Wie sozial sind Soziale Medien? Es gibt mindestens zwei asoziale Dimensionen im jetzigen Regime der Sozialen Medien: Sie sind sozial vor allem für die Betreiber und ihre Eigentümer. Der in Deutschland geltende Verfassungsgrundsatz der "informationellen Selbstbestimmung" wird für Nutzer und Nutze ... more

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Technologien der Krise: Die Covid-19-Pandemie als Katalysator neuer Formen der Vernetzung

Dennis Krämer, Joschka Haltaufderheide, Jochen Vollmann (eds.)

Bielefeld: transcript (2022), 199 pp.

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Snap Judgements: How Audiences Who Lack Trust in News Navigate Information on Digital Platforms

Amy Ross Arguedas, Sumitra Badrinathan, Camila Mont'Alverne, Benjamin Toff, Richard Fletcher, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2022), 43 pp.

"In this report, we qualitatively examine how audiences who lack trust in most news organisations in their countries navigate the digital information environment, especially how they make sense of the news they encounter while using social media, messaging applications, or search engines. Drawing on ... a sample of 100 individuals in four countries – Brazil, India, the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US) – we centre on how they use Facebook, WhatsApp, and Google, based on a unique interviewing approach anchored in their concrete everyday experiences. Participants were asked to describe and respond to what they actually saw on their screens as they navigated these platforms in real time while speaking to members of our research team. This research is focused on individuals with minimal trust in most news sources and below-average interest in politics – a population often neglected in audience research since these individuals tend to be least likely to consume news. However, for that same reason, understanding the way they encounter and engage with information online is of particular importance. Indeed, in line with prior survey-based research (Toff et al. 2021c), we found these individuals tended to be indifferent towards, or even opposed to, the idea of receiving news through platforms, which they said they primarily used for other purposes. What we found is that when they did encounter news on platforms and sought to assess how credible the information might be, they often relied on cues for making quick, in-the-moment judgements, which were particularly important since many of these users rarely clicked through to the original sources of news. The mental shortcuts people discussed, summarised in Figure 1, involved (1) pre-existing ideas they held about news in general or specific news brands (where the information was coming from), but also several other factors: (2) social cues from family and friends (who shared or engaged with the news), (3) the tone and wording of headlines (whether or not it was perceived as clickbait), (4) the use of visuals (which they often saw as important evidence for what could or could not be trusted), and (5) the presence of advertising (whether or not information appeared to be sponsored). Additional (6) platform-specific cues also played a role in shaping judgements about what to trust. These involved design decisions around how information appears on platforms (e.g. what labels appear, what is given most prominence), which in turn affect many of these other cues." (Introduction and key findings, page 3) more

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‘Data Sovereignty’ or ‘Data Colonialism’? Exploring the Chinese Involvement in Africa’s ICTs: A Document Review on Kenya

Stefano Calzati

Journal of Contemporary African Studies, volume 40, issue 2 (2022), pp. 270-285

"Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become a crucial sector of China–Africa relations. As scholars have noted, Africa’s 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) risks transforming into a new ‘scramble’ with foreign actors harnessing Africa’s data. The present article explores th ... more

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Renew the code of ethics, self-regulation, or what else?

David Puertas, Isil Vural

Barcelona: Fundació Blanquerna (2022), 44 pp.

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Acabar con la infodemia: Recomendaciones sobre la transparencia de las plataformas

Foro sobre Información & Democracia;Observacom (2022), 34 pp.

"Publicadas en noviembre de 2020, las recomendaciones del Foro sobre transparencia de las plataformas digitales resultantes del informe “Cómo acabar con la infodemia” figuran en la agenda de la Conferencia Mundial sobre la Libertad de Prensa de la UNESCO que se celebra en Punta del Este (Urugua ... more

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Data Protection Laws in Northern Africa: Regulatory Approaches, Key Principles, Selected Documents

Patricia Boshe, Moritz Henneman

Beirut: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2022), 75 pp.

"This report provides an in-depth overview of the current state and trends of data protection regulation of seven North African countries – namely Algeria, Egypt, Mauritania, Morocco, Libya, Sudan, and Tunisia. The st udy tackles regulatory approaches, key principles, and selected instruments. Fro ... more

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Policy Brief: Nine Steps to Protect Our Data and Privacy in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka’s Personal Data Protection Bill, 2021

Jade Lyngdoh, Raman Jit Singh Chima, Namrata Maheshwari

Access Now (2022), 10 pp.

"This policy brief is an Access Now publication. It gives context about the Personal Data Protection Bill in the Parliament of Sri Lank, states the key areas of concerns in the present bill, and proposes nine (9) recommendations." (commbox)

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Platform Work Amidst the Cost of Living Crisis: South Africa Ratings 2022

Sharon Geeling, Pitso Tsibolane, Kelle Howson et al.

Fairwork;Oxford Internet Institute;Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB) (2022), 43 pp.

"This fourth Fairwork report for South Africa continues to chart the evolution of the national platform economy. In South Africa, digital labour platforms hold the potential to reduce the extremely high levels of unemployment and inequality. However, the annual South African Fairwork ratings also p ... more

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Government Internet Shutdowns Are Changing: How Should Citizens and Democracies Respond?

Steven Feldstein

Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (2022), 45 pp.

"The most promising strategies to help citizens circumvent internet shutdowns do not involve deploying satellite internet devices or floating balloons. Instead, simpler solutions, such as encouraging citizens to download anticensorship apps or software ahead of time, are much more useful. But they d ... more

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Tseltal and Zapoteco Shared Networks: The Paths Towards a Pluriversal Internet

Fernanda R. Rosa

Philadelphia, PA: Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania (2022), 23 pp.

"Fernanda R. Rosa explores the Indigenous networks, principles, and practices of internet infrastructure building and sharing in Tseltal and Zapoteco sovereign territories in Chiapas and Oaxaca, Mexico. More specifically, she uses the concept of shared networks to examine “the first mile signal-sh ... more

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Grundwissen Internet

Joan Kristin Bleicher

München: UVK (2022), 230 pp.

"Joan Kristin Bleicher beleuchtet umfassend zentrale Aspekte der Medialität des Internets. Im Fokus stehen dabei nicht nur Rahmenbedingungen und die historische Entwicklung. Es werden auch Angebotsschwerpunkte, theoretische Fragen, Ästhetik, Nutzungs- und Wirkungspotenziale des Internets sowie Reg ... more

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Winning the Web: How Beijing Exploits Search Results to Shape Views of Xinjiang and COVID-19

Jessica Brandt, Bret Schafer, Elen Aghekyan, Valerie Wirtschafter, Adya Danaditya

Washington, DC: Brookings Institution (2022), 47 pp.

"For months, our team has been tracking how China has exploited search engine results on Xinjiang and COVID-19, two subjects that are geopolitically salient to Beijing — Xinjiang, because the Chinese government seeks to push back on condemnation of its rights record; COVID-19, because it seeks to ... more

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Influencer: Die Ideologie der Werbekörper

Ole Nymoen, Wolfgang M. Schmitt

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2022), 191 pp.

"Die zunehmende Digitalisierung der Alltagskommunikation hat in den vergangenen Jahren eine neue Form der Werbung hervorgebracht: Influencer präsentieren ihren Alltag visuell in Bild- oder Videoform auf sozialen Plattformen und geben ihren Followern Tipps zu Themen wie Kosmetik und Schönheit, Gesu ... more

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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA) Toolkit: A How-To Guide for USAID Missions

USAID;Digital Frontiers;DAI (2022), 107 pp.

"The Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA) Toolkit is a step-by-step guide designed to help USAID Missions conduct high-quality research that will directly inform Mission strategic and programmatic decisions for digital development interventions. The DECA is the flagship initiative of the USAI ... more

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Iranians on #SocialMedia

Holly Dagres

Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (2022), 40 pp.

"This report explores the social media habits of Iranian netizens and how the Islamic Republic is repressing the online space." (Publisher description)