Media Development
Subject areas
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15420
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Topics
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1054
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
999
Media Law & Regulation
832
Community Radios
661
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
529
Journalism
434
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
433
Media Assistance
432
Journalism Education & Training
424
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
339
Media & Communication Policies
324
Democracy / Democratization and Media
317
Politics and Media
304
Press Landscapes
303
Female Journalists & Media Workers
295
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
294
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
281
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
277
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
262
Freedom of Expression
240
Journalism Ethics
237
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
235
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
226
Television
224
Public Service Broadcasting
218
Election Reporting
217
Radio Landscapes
214
War Reporting
212
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
206
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
202
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
202
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
197
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
197
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
182
Investigative Journalism
181
Censorship
180
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
178
Journalistic Quality
176
Alternative Communication & Media
174
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
169
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
169
Radio
168
News Agencies
166
Television Landscapes
166
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
165
Associations & Networks of Journalists
164
Ethics in Media & Communication
163
Public Media, State Media
162
Media / Communication Control
161
Media Ownership
160
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
157
Media, Mass Media
153
Political Transition and Media
149
Press
149
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
144
Political Communication
141
Government Communication Strategies
139
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
139
COVID-19 Communication
137
Newspapers
137
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
131
Election Campaigns
130
Research in Media & Communication
128
Non-Western Communication Approaches
128
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
125
Conflicts and Media
124
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
124
Communication Rights
123
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
123
Audiences & Users
121
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
120
Media Concentration
118
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
117
Social Media
117
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
115
Election Campaigns: Social Media
115
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
114
Media Markets
114
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
112
Journalists
112
Television News
111
Foreign News, International News
109
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
108
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
108
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
107
Propaganda
107
Social Media in Political Communication
104
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
103
Development and Media
102
Self-Regulation of Media
101
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
99
Public & State Television
99
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
98
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
95
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
94
Twitter & Microblogs
93
Globalisation of Media
92
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
91
Dealing With the Past
91
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
91
Facebook
91
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
90
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
89
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
89
Foreign Correspondents
88
Local Journalism
88
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
87
Community Media
87
Community Radio Management
86
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
86
Economics of Media
85
International Communication
85
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
84
Digital Media Landscapes
82
Political Economy of Media
82
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
81
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
81
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
80
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
80
Good Practice Examples
80
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
79
World Information and Communication Order
79
Influence of Media on Politics
79
Participatory Communication
78
Crime & Violence Reporting
78
Internet
78
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
78
Journalistic Skills
78
Television Law & Regulation
77
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
76
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
76
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
76
Public & State Radios
76
Community Television
74
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
74
Self-Censorship
73
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
73
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
71
History of Media & Communication
71
Local Communication & Media
71
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
70
Public Spheres
70
Access to Media & Information
69
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
69
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
69
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
69
Internet Shutdowns
68
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
68
Political Reporting
68
Civil Society
68
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
67
Satellite Television
67
Media Use, Media Consumption
66
Editorial Independence
66
Development Journalism & Media Representation of Development Issues
66
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
66
History of the Press
66
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
66
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
65
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
65
Media Industries
65
Corruption & Combating Corruption
65
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
64
Defamation Law & Regulation
64
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
64
Radio Programmes & Genres
63
Theories of Communication & Media
63
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
62
Cinema
62
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
62
Creative & Cultural Industries
62
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
62
News
62
Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
62
Media Outlets, Media Associations
62
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
61
Africa: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
61
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
60
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
60
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
59
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
59
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
59
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
59
Media in the Global South / Developing Countries
58
Public Opinion
58
Advertising
57
Digital Communication, Digital Media
57
UNESCO
57
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
56
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
56
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
56
Media Management
56
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
55
Radio Journalism
55
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
54
Television Markets
54
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
54
Media Assistance: Implementing Organizations
54
Media & Information Literacy
54
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
53
Journalism / Communication Training Centers
53
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
53
Communication & Media Indicators
53
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
52
United Nations (UN)
52
Media Effects
52
Advertising Markets & Industries
51
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
51
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
51
Media Assistance: Donor Organizations
51
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
51
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
50
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
50
Human Rights Protection
50
E-Governance, E-Democracy
49
Labour Market for Journalists
49
Radio News
49
Business & Economics Journalism
49
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
49
Radio Law & Regulation
49
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
48
History of Radio
48
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
48
Media Assistance: Radio
48
Media System Analyses & Typologies
48
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
48
Film Industries
47
Television Programme & Format Trade
47
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
47
Community Radio Journalism & Production Skills
47
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
47
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
47
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
47
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
46
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
46
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
46
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
46
Journalists' Associations & Networks: International Cooperation & Assistance
46
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
45
Community Radio & Gender
45
Germany: Media Assistance Actors, Practices, Priorities
45
Islamist Communications & Media
45
Al-Jazeera
45
Human Rights Violations
44
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
43
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
43
Digital Political Communication
43
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
43
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
43
Television Programmes & Genres
43
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
43
Community Radio Contents & Programming
42
ICT Regulation
42
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
42
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
42
Indigenous Communication
42
Human Rights
42
Democracy
42
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
41
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
41
Political Blogging
41
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
41
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
41
Transnational Television, International Television
41
Photojournalism
41
Politics
41
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
40
Community Radio Associations & Networks
40
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
40
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
40
Radio Debates, Radio Talk Shows, Call-In Radio Programmes
40
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
40
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
39
Genocides
39
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
39
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
39
Financing Digital / Online Media
39
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
39
History of Journalism
39
Nazism
39
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
39
Digital Television
39
Community Radio Setting-Up
38
Environmental Journalism
38
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
38
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
38
Local Television
38
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
38
Blogging, Blogs
37
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
37
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
37
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
37
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
37
Democratization
37
Media Assistance: Community Radios
36
Storytelling
36
Press Markets
36
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
36
Journalism Education Curricula
36
Regulatory Bodies
36
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
35
Holocaust
35
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
35
USA: Media Assistance
35
Television Channels
35
Media Assistance: Film Funding
34
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
34
News Websites & Portals
34
International Humanitarian Crisis Reporting, Foreign Disaster Reporting
34
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
34
European Union (EU)
34
Community Radio Audiences & Use
33
Public Relations
33
Alternative Press
33
Transitional Justice Reporting
33
International Media & Communication Policies
33
Journalistic Style & Language
33
Print Journalism
33
Islam and Communication
33
Freedom of Expression Principles
32
Democracy Assistance
32
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
32
Information Society
32
Media Assistance: Governance, Accountability, Combating Corruption
32
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
32
Magazines
32
Radio Programming, Programme Structures & Schedules
32
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
32
Society & Media, Media Sociology
32
War & Political Violence in Cinema
31
Radio for Development
31
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
31
Documenting Human Rights Violations
31
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
31
Media Assistance: Gender Focus
31
Colonial Legacies
31
International News Flow
31
Mobile Journalism, Video Journalism
31
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking: Reporting & Media Representation
31
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
31
Film Markets
30
Videos
30
State Influence on the Media
30
Community Reporters, Media Volunteers
30
Algorithms & Big Data
30
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
30
Press Councils
30
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
30
Watchdog Role of the Media
30
Digital Media Startups
29
Artificial Intelligence
29
Racism in Communication & Media
29
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
29
Television Journalism
29
Financing Public Service Media
29
Accountability & Transparency
29
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
29
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
29
Antisemitism
29
Urban Communication, Urban Media
29
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
28
Community Newspapers, Community Press
28
Communication for Social Change
28
Journalistic Genres
28
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
28
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
28
Populism
28
Religion and Communication
28
Taliban
28
Opinion Polls, Public Opinion Research
27
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
27
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
27
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
27
Feminism & Communication
27
Foreign Television Programmes
27
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
27
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
27
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
26
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
26
Government Propaganda
26
Community Participation in Community Media
26
ALER
26
Civil Wars
26
Violence in the Media
26
Development Aid Reporting
26
Convergence of Media
26
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
26
Diaspora Media
26
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
26
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
26
Local Press
26
Right-Wing Extremism
26
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
26
Framing
26
Radio Dramas, Radio Soap Operas, Radio Fiction
26
Research Methods
26
Social Change
26
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
26
Advocacy
25
Intellectual Property
25
Community Development
25
Community Radio Equipment & Infrastructure, Community Radio Digitalization
25
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
25
Online News
25
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
25
Radio Markets
25
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
25
Communication
25
User-Generated Contents
25
Visual Communication
25
Flow of Information
24
Government Advertising, State Advertising
24
Catholic Radios
24
Political Cartoons & Comics
24
Extremist Recruitment through Media
24
Human Security Reporting
24
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
24
Cultural Identity
24
Digital & Information Literacy
24
Media Assistance: Digital Journalism & Social Media
24
Image Ethics, Ethics in Photojournalism
24
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
24
Health Journalism
24
Journalism Studies & Research
24
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
24
Deutsche Welle
24
Polarization, Political Polarization
24
Youth Radio Programmes, Youth Radio Stations, School Radios
24
University Radios
24
Manipulation
24
Society
24
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
23
Contents of Media
23
Collective Identities & Media
23
Culture (General)
23
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
23
Podcasts
23
YouTube
23
Romani People
23
History of Television
23
Journalistic Research Methods
23
Media Assistance: Impacts, Effectiveness, Efficiency
23
Media Development Indicators
23
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
23
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
22
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
22
Literature
22
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
22
WhatsApp
22
Educational Television
22
Image Abroad
22
Newsroom Management
22
France: Media Assistance
22
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
22
Licensing of Media
22
Transitional Justice
22
BBC
22
Telecommunication Infrastructure
22
Films
21
Digital Rights
21
Community Radio Training Methods & Training of Trainers
21
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
21
Educational Radios
21
Infotainment, Politainment
21
Countering Defamation & Harassment
21
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
21
Political Television Programmes & Political Talkshows
21
Trade Unions & Labor Movements: Communication Strategies
21
Rural Communication, Media in Rural Areas
21
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
21
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
20
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
20
Community Communication
20
Terrorism
20
Countering Misinformation & Rumours
20
Radio Language & Moderation
20
Narratives, Narrative Structures
20
Development Communication Theories
20
Social Change & Media / Communication
20
Digital Media Markets
20
TikTok
20
Music Industries & Markets
20
Media Assistance: Educational & Instructional Media
20
Environmental Communication
20
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
20
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
20
Freelance Journalists & Media Workers
20
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
20
Deutsche Welle DW Akademie
20
Radio Stations
20
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
20
Media Use: Foreign / International Media
19
International Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
19
Traditional Communication
19
Theatre
19
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
19
ICT Development Assistance
19
Education and Communication / Media
19
Civic Education: Use & Role of Media
19
Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
19
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
19
Basic Journalistic Skills
19
Media Assistance Donors: Foundations & Private Donors
19
Media Assistance: Television
19
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
19
Human Resources Development, Personnel Management
19
Photography
19
Peace, Peacekeeping, Peace Building, Peace Movements
19
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
19
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
19
Theories of Change
19
China Global Television Network, CGTN (formerly China Central Television, CCTV)
19
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
18
Catholic Communication Ethics, Catholic Media Ethics
18
Christian Churches: Media Assistance
18
National Cinemas, National Film Production
18
Plagiarism
18
Communication Strategies
18
Community Media Financing & Sustainability
18
Content Analysis (Research Method)
18
Media Criticism
18
World Bank
18
Governance & Accountability: Role of Digital Communication
18
Websites
18
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
18
Gaming, Video Games
18
Communication for Sustainable Development
18
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
18
HIV / AIDS Communication
18
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
18
Music
18
Conflict & War Photography
18
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
18
Telecommunications
18
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
18
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
17
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
17
Crisis Communication
17
Alternative Radios
17
Community Media Policies & Regulation
17
Reconciliation Work
17
Rumours & Rumour Management
17
Cultural Policies
17
Development Communication Projects: Case Studies
17
Telegram
17
ICTs and Development
17
Financing Radio
17
Educational Radio Programmes
17
Radio Schools
17
Bias in News Media
17
Evaluation
17
Impact Assessment & Outcome Evaluation
17
Suicide Reporting & Media Representation
17
History of Media: Colonial Period
17
China: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
17
Transnational Communication
17
China: Foreign Policy, Foreign Investments, Development Assistance
17
Crowdsourcing
17
Media Literacy: Youth
17
Radio Music
17
Networks & Networking
17
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
17
Open Source Software
17
Commercial Television
17
Advocacy & Political Films
16
Agricultural Information & Extension
16
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
16
Local Government Communication Strategies
16
Boko Haram
16
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
16
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
16
Cultural Cooperation (Development Aid)
16
AI in Journalism & Media
16
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
16
Humour, Parody, Satire
16
Gender-Sensitive Language
16
Women (General)
16
History of Media: 20th Century
16
News Values, News Selection Criteria
16
Science Journalism
16
Television Policies
16
Quality Management
16
Political Resistance
16
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
16
Agenda Setting
16
Election Monitoring
16
Radio Production Skills
16
Violence
16
Informatics
16
Suburbs, Poor Districts, Slums, Shanty Towns
16
Audience Clubs & Listener Groups
15
Campaigning
15
Children's Rights
15
African Cinema
15
Strategic Communication Planning
15
Community Radio Policies
15
Perpetrators
15
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
15
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
15
Cultural Diversity
15
Digital Media Management, Online Media Management
15
Instagram
15
Gendered Disinformation
15
Television Industries
15
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
15
Political Parody and Satire
15
Evaluation in Conflict & Fragility Settings
15
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
15
Decolonisation & Independence (General)
15
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
15
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
15
Financing Journalism
15
European Union: Media Assistance
15
Media Assistance: Criticism, Ideological Backgrounds, Vested Interests
15
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
15
People with Disabilities: Reporting & Media Representation
15
Political Role & Influence of Radio, Radio & Democratization
15
Public & State Press
15
Public Service Broadcasting: Contents & Programming
15
Commercial Radios
15
Persuasive Communication
15
Participation
15
Satellite Communication & Information Services
15
Open Data
14
Advocacy & Empowerment: Planning & Implementation
14
Audience Research
14
Children's Television Programmes
14
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
14
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
14
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
14
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
14
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
14
Theatre for Development
14
Regional Cooperation, South-South Collaboration
14
Rural Communication for Development
14
Political Websites & Online Communities
14
LGBT & Communication / Media
14
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
14
Commodities, Raw Materials, Extractive Industries, Mining
14
Training
14
Sports Reporting
14
Extractive Industries & Mining Reporting
14
Self-Assessment, Self-Evaluation
14
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
14
China: Media Assistance
14
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
14
Media Assistance: Interaction with Foreign Policies
14
Communication Networks
14
Communication Systems
14
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
14
Media Governance
14
Media Law & Regulation: Muslim Countries
14
Starting Media Outlets, Creation of Digital Businesses
14
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
14
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
14
Political Marketing
14
Rural Press
14
Ideologies
14
Jihad
14
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
14
Advertising Ethics
13
Interactive Radio: Audience Participation, Interaction & Feedback
13
Campaigning: Experiences
13
Catholic Church and Communication
13
Christian Communication
13
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
13
Community Development: Role of Communication & Media
13
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
13
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
13
Development Assistance
13
Communicating Development Projects, Media in Development Programmes
13
Edutainment Radio Programmes
13
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
13
Online Radio, Internet Radio, Radio Streaming
13
Discrimination-Sensitive Language, Minority-Sensitive Journalism
13
Humanitarian Law
13
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
13
Television Serials
13
Environmental & Land Conflicts Reporting & Media Representation
13
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
13
Gender Relations
13
Colonial Period
13
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
13
Media Assistance: Elections
13
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
13
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
13
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
13
Military
13
Religion and Politics
13
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
13
Apartheid
13
Mobile Phone Use for Social Purposes, Mobiles for Development
13
Mobile Phone Use
12
Print Media Use, Press Readers
12
Clandestine Radios
12
Book Markets & Industries
12
Campaigning: Planning & Implementation
12
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
12
Open Licensing, Creative Commons, Public Domain
12
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
12
Good Governance
12
Digital Economies & Markets
12
Ethnicity in Communication
12
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
12
Exiled Journalists
12
Local News
12
Sexual Abuse Reporting, Sexual Violence Reporting
12
Language
12
Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
12
Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
12
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
12
Press Law & Regulation
12
Indigenous Knowledge, Local Knowledge, Traditional Knowledge
12
Friedrich Ebert Foundation
12
Government
12
Political Doctrines
12
Rohingya
12
Digital Radio
12
Digital Switchover
12
Cable Television
12
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
12
Infographics & Data Visualization
12
Advocacy & Empowerment: Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
11
Media Use: Public Service & State Media
11
Media Use: Youth
11
Catholic Press
11
Violence in the Media: Effects on Children
11
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
11
Celebrities, Idols, Stars
11
United Nations Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity
11
Nonprofit Public Relations: Experiences
11
Media Assistance: Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation
11
Religious Communication in Conflicts & Peacebuilding
11
Cultural Studies
11
Media Cultures
11
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
11
ICT / Internet Projects (Development Aid)
11
Millenium Development Goals (MDG)
11
Behaviour Change Communication
11
Digital Inclusion
11
Internet and Politics
11
Online Magazines & Newspapers
11
Journalistic Social Media Use
11
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
11
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
11
Minority Journalists
11
Disaster Relief & Humanitarian Aid Reporting
11
Media Assistance: Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
11
Radio Marketing, Branding & Promotion
11
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
11
Media Assistance: Environmental Communication
11
Defamation, Libel, Slander
11
Evaluation Design & Implementation
11
Health Communication
11
History of Transnational Communication
11
Germany: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
11
Foreign Policies
11
UNICEF
11
Stringers & Fixers (Journalism)
11
Service Journalism, Consumer Information, Lifestyle Journalism
11
Media Assistance: Exile Media
11
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
11
Social Communication
11
Ombudsmen
11
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
11
Financing Press & Print Media
11
Organisational & Governing Structures of Media
11
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
11
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
11
Voice of America
11
Diasporas
11
Capitalism
11
Political Extremism
11
Political Participation
11
Television Production
11
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
11
Business & Economics Radio Programmes
11
Radio Magazines
11
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
11
Buen Vivir / Good Living
11
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
11
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
11
Regional Television
11
Youth and Media
11
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
10
Book Publishing
10
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
10
Bollywood
10
History of Film & Cinema
10
Social Media Marketing & Digital Public Relations
10
Community Television Policies & Regulation
10
Humanitarian Interventions
10
Developing Countries
10
Influence of Media on Development Aid
10
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
10
Gender and ICTs / Internet
10
ICT Policies
10
Television Economics
10
Economy
10
Educational Games, Serious Games
10
Ethics in Nonprofit & Community Journalism
10
Victim-Sensitive Reporting
10
Indigenous Language Press
10
Adaptation of Media Products to Other Countries / Cultural Contexts
10
Glocalization of Media
10
International Relations
10
Council of Europe
10
Government & Government Performance: Media Representation & Reporting
10
Fondation Hirondelle
10
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
10
Information
10
Radio Policies
10
Democracy Assistance: Human Rights Assistance
10
Religious Freedom
10
Refugees / Displaced People
10
Social Photography
10
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
10
Political Transition
10
Radio Production
10
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
10
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
10
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
10
Social Aspects
10
Philosophies of Communication & Media
10
Audience Research Methods
9
Audience Research: Planning & Implementing Surveys
9
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
9
Information Needs
9
Media Use: Urban Populations
9
Book Trade & Distribution
9
Film Distribution
9
Film Festivals
9
Latin American Cinema
9
Development Organizations: Communication Strategies & Media Representation
9
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
9
Media Assistance: Indigenous Communication
9
Enemy Images
9
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
9
Anthropology of Media & Communication
9
Memes
9
Philosophy
9
Donor Coordination, Funder Collaboration, Aid Harmonsation
9
Development Theories
9
Google
9
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
9
Libraries
9
Neoliberalism
9
Vocational Training
9
Entertainment and Media / Communication
9
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
9
Women's Radio Programmes
9
Health Campaigns: Experiences
9
History (General)
9
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
9
Media Assistance: Transnational Exchange & Cooperation
9
USA: International Broadcasting & Public Diplomacy
9
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
9
Bilingualism, Multilingualism
9
Internews
9
Media Assistance: Press
9
Media Assistance: Project Planning & Implementation
9
Sweden: Media Assistance
9
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
9
Information Ecosystems
9
Social Media Landscapes
9
Socialist Media Systems
9
Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
9
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
9
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
9
Marketing & Branding
9
Broadcasting Companies
9
Radio Management
9
Migrants & Refugees: Tailor-Made Media Products & Information Services
9
Communism, Marxism
9
Political Systems
9
Democracy Assistance: Electoral Assistance
9
State
9
Local Newspapers
9
Project Design, Project Planning
9
Social Participation
9
Islamism
9
Communication & Media Research Centres
9
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
9
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
9
Television Talk Shows
9
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
9
Radio Advertising
8
Empowerment
8
Film & Video Advocacy / Activism
8
Area & Regional Studies
8
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
8
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
8
Copyright: Books
8
Catholic Media Council
8
Development Education: Films
8
Film Trade, Film Export & Import
8
Transnational Film Co-Productions
8
Freedom of Expression Lobbying & Communication Rights Campaigning
8
Ethics in Public Relations
8
Nonprofit Public Relations: Design & Implementation
8
Community Radio Concepts & Principles
8
Groups, Group Communication, Group Development
8
Iraq War (2003)
8
Development Communication: Monitoring & Evaluation
8
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
8
Influencers (Social Media)
8
Discrimination in Language & Media
8
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
8
Media Assistance: Minority Media
8
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
8
Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
8
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
8
Infectious Diseases' Outbreak Communication
8
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
8
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
8
Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
8
Universities
8
Television Dramas
8
Television Fiction
8
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
8
Gender and Radio
8
History of Media: 19th Century
8
History of Public Service Broadcasting
8
Latin America: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
8
Transnational Television Co-Productions, International Television Co-Productions
8
Mercosur
8
Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
8
Information Sources of Journalists
8
Radio Interviews
8
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
8
Linguistics & Sociolinguistics
8
Media Assistance: Business & Economics Journalism
8
Media Assistance Donors: Multilateral Organizations
8
MDDA - Media Develoment and Diversity Agency (South Africa)
8
Tax Reductions for Media
8
'Comparing Media Systems' (Hallin/Mancini, 2004)
8
Corporate Social Responsibility
8
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
8
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
8
Governance
8
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
8
Hindu Nationalism
8
Political Influence
8
Police
8
Governance & Accountability as Focus of Radio Programmes
8
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Politics
8
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
8
Monitoring
8
Bush Radio (Cape Town, South Africa)
8
Radio Chaguarurco (Santa Isabel, Azuay, Ecuador)
8
Radio-Télévision Libre des Milles Collines (RTLM)
8
Media Reception
8
Buddhism and Communication
8
Muslim Media
8
Social Movements
8
Dalits
8
Mobile Phone Apps
8
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
8
Youth & Digital Media
8
Posters
7
Television Advertising
7
Advocacy Campaigns
7
Advocacy & Empowerment: Indigenous People
7
Agricultural Radio Programmes
7
Community Media Audiences & Use
7
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
7
Samizdat
7
Books
7
Catholic Church
7
Children and Media
7
WACC
7
Theologies of Communication
7
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
7
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
7
State News Agencies, Government News Agencies
7
AMARC
7
Community Radio Governance & Ownership
7
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
7
Early Warning: Conflicts & Crises
7
Media Assistance: Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
7
Violence in the Media: Effects on Youth
7
Violence in the Media: Video Games
7
Media Quality
7
Mass Cultures
7
Development Projects
7
North South Relations
7
Digital Market Concentration
7
Afro-Latin Americans, Afroamerican Population
7
Prisoners & Communication / Media
7
Famines: Media Representation & Reporting
7
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
7
Foreign Investments
7
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
7
Educational Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
7
Sustainable Development
7
Gender Media Studies & Feminist Communication Research
7
Strategy Development & Strategic Planning
7
Media Assistance: Health Communication
7
Indigenous Issues Reporting & Media Representation
7
International Organizations
7
Radio Journalism Education
7
News Reception
7
Inter Press Service (IPS)
7
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
7
Translations & Translating
7
Insufficient Local Media Ecosystems, "Information Deserts"
7
Local Governance & Accountability: Role of Media
7
BBC Media Action
7
Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF)
7
Media Assistance: Institutional Support & Core Funding
7
Media Assistance: Interaction with Military Communication Strategies
7
Media Assistance Research
7
United Kingdom: Media Assistance
7
Information Exchange
7
Media Democratization
7
Judiciary & Penal System
7
Media Regulation Practices
7
Budgeting, Cost Calculation, Financial Planning
7
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
7
Television Management
7
Elections
7
Socialism
7
Public Administration
7
Decentralization
7
Public Opinion Manipulation
7
Regional Radios
7
Indicators & Indices
7
Population
7
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
7
SMS
7
Cultural Television Programmes
7
Electoral Advertising, Political Advertising
6
Advocacy Journalism
6
Land Property, Land Grabbing, Land Reforms
6
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
6
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
6
Television Use: Youth
6
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
6
Radio Quillabamba (Quillabamba, Peru)
6
Child Abuse Reporting
6
Educational Films & Videos
6
Nollywood
6
Copyright: Music
6
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
6
International Conflicts
6
War Crimes
6
Cultural Influence
6
Cultural & Literary Journalism
6
Cultural Projects (Development Cooperation)
6
Culture and Development
6
Museums
6
National Character
6
Corruption in Development Cooperation
6
International Development Cooperation
6
Western Approaches
6
Edutainment Television Programmes
6
Cybercrimes
6
Mídia Ninja (Digital Media Initiative, Brazil)
6
Digital Research Methods
6
Multimedia Products & Production
6
Bots
6
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
6
Weibo (Microblogging Website, China)
6
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
6
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
6
Uyghurs, Uighurs
6
Humanitarian Aid
6
Audio Archives, Visual Archives, Media Archives
6
Media Commercialisation
6
Press Distribution
6
Press Industries
6
Printing Industries
6
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
6
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
6
Financing Television
6
Economic Conditions
6
Small Enterprises, Micro Businesses, Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
6
Educational Broadcasting
6
Open, Distance and Digital Education (ODDE)
6
Training of Trainers, Teacher Education
6
Journalism Ethics: Covering Vulnerable Persons
6
Responsibility
6
Values
6
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
6
First World War (1914-1918)
6
History of War Reporting
6
Slavery, Slaves
6
Arab World / Middle East: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
6
Foreign Press, Foreign Language Press
6
International Media Associations / Organizations
6
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
6
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
6
Reportage
6
Radio Journalism Training & Education
6
Constitutions & Constitutional Reforms: Political Discourse & Media Representation
6
Language Policies
6
Japan: Media Assistance
6
International Media Support (IMS) (Media Development NGO, Denmark)
6
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
6
Spain: Media Assistance
6
Communication & Information Needs
6
Media Literacy: Television
6
Civil Rights
6
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking
6
Crowdfunding
6
Leadership, Leadership Development
6
Newspaper Management
6
Migration
6
Documentary Photography
6
Internal Politics
6
Political Culture
6
Political Opposition
6
Political Parties
6
Security
6
Independent & Oppositional Media
6
Editing
6
Radio Formats
6
Radio Studies & Research
6
Radio Okapi (Democratic Republic of Congo)
6
Urban Radios
6
Radio Engineering & Technologies
6
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
6
Everyday Life
6
Hinduism and Communication
6
Muslim Television Broadcasting
6
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
6
Focus Groups & Group Discussions (Qualitative Research Method)
6
Social Conflicts, Social Problems
6
Countering Discrimination & Racism
6
Resilience
6
Revolutions
6
Short Wave Radio (SW)
6
Urban Issues: Media Representation & Reporting
6
Design & Layout
6
Signs, Signals, Semiotics
6
Youth Media
6
Advertising Agencies
5
Digital Advertising, Online Advertising
5
Advocacy & Empowerment: Youth
5
Lobbying
5
Agriculture
5
Environmental & Land Conflicts
5
Audience Research in Media Assistance
5
Gaming: Uses & Effects
5
Information Needs in Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
5
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
5
Media Use: Rural Populations
5
Book Aid, Book Publishing Assistance, Book Donations
5
Book Publishing Houses
5
Children's Books & Literature
5
Campaigning: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
5
Digital Media Campaigns
5
Political Campaigns
5
Public Awareness Campaigns
5
Catholic Media
5
Catholic Radio Programmes
5
Solidarity
5
Media & Communication Projects: Children
5
Protestantism (Mainline)
5
Christian Press
5
Liberation Theologies
5
Aesthetics in Film & Visual Communication
5
Copyright: Films
5
Violence in the Media: Film
5
Foreign / Developing Countries: Film Representation
5
Nonprofit Public Relations & Marketing
5
Press Releases & Press Conferences
5
Community Media Impact
5
Community Telecommunication Networks
5
Discussion Forums, Community Discussions, Citizen Consultations
5
Faith-Based Community Radios
5
Group Media
5
Conflicts
5
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
5
Wars
5
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
5
Conflict-Sensitive Language
5
Peace Negotiations & Agreements: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
5
Radio Quality
5
Messages, Message Design, Message Analysis
5
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
5
Cultural Resistance
5
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
5
Self-Financing
5
Donor Agencies
5
Financing Nonprofit Organizations
5
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
5
Poverty Reduction: Role of Media
5
Digital Media Initiatives (Case Studies)
5
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
5
Online Communication
5
Social Media Marketing in Broadcasting Enterprises
5
Streaming Media
5
AI & Democracy / Democratization
5
Educational Use of ICTs / Internet
5
ICT Industries & Markets
5
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Information Management
5
Disaster Risk & Preparedness Communication, Disaster Prevention Communication
5
Environmental Disinformation & Misinformation
5
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
5
Reporting on Disinformation & Misinformation
5
Commercial Broadcasting
5
Music Markets
5
Public Goods, Commons
5
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
5
Media Didactics, Media Use in Education
5
Teaching & Teaching Methods
5
Radio Entertainment
5
Biodiversity Communication
5
Editorial Guidelines
5
Women's Magazines, Women's Press
5
Emergency Medical Aid
5
Health Radio Programmes
5
Mental Health Reporting & Media Representation
5
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
5
Cross-Cultural Analysis
5
Globalisation, Globalisation Criticism
5
USA: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
5
OSCE
5
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
5
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
5
Financial Flow Analysis
5
Investigative Journalism: Impact
5
Features
5
News Writing
5
Youth Journalists, Youth Correspondents, Youth Media Volunteers
5
Xinhua (News Agency, China)
5
Media Assistance: Citizen Participation & Civil Society
5
Digital News Initiative (Digital Journalism Assistance Programme, Google)
5
Media Assistance Donors: Corporate Donors
5
CFI (French Media Assistance Organization)
5
Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD)
5
Media Assistance: Self-Regulation, Accountability & Transparency of Media
5
Netherlands: Media Assistance
5
Communication Processes
5
Presentation of Information
5
Oral Communication
5
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
5
Information Policies
5
Digital Literacy: Youth
5
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
5
National Security Legislation
5
Change & Process Management
5
Failures, Mistakes, Shortcomings: Experiences & Learnings
5
Fundraising
5
Knowledge Management
5
Nonprofit Media Management
5
Organisational Development & Capacity Building
5
Coup d'Etat
5
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
5
Public Interest
5
Kompas (Newspaper, Indonesia)
5
Radio Editing
5
Sustainability
5
Cultural Radio Programmes
5
Kothmale Community Radio (Kothmale, Sri Lanka)
5
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
5
Prejudices
5
Television Reception & Effects
5
COVID-19 Pandemic & Religion
5
Judaism and Communication
5
Television Studies & Research
5
Qualitative Analysis
5
Participatory Research Methods
5
Questionnaires, Questionnaire Design
5
Research Results
5
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
5
Domestic Violence
5
Youth Violence & Violence Prevention
5
Social Justice
5
Huawei (Chinese Digital Communications Technology Conglomerate)
5
Frequency Modulation (FM)
5
Software
5
Television Production Equipment
5
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
5
Al-Hurra (Television Channel)
5
Television Networks
5
Youth: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
4
Advertising Law & Regulation
4
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
4
Local Advertising & Local Advertising Markets
4
Advocacy & Empowerment: Experiences
4
Mobile Phone Advocacy & Campaigns
4
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
4
Peasants / Farmers & Communication
4
Geography
4
Maps
4
Information Needs: Indigenous Population
4
Media Use: Foreign & International News
4
Media Use: Lower Classes & Poor Population
4
Target Groups
4
Authoritarian Discourse
4
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
4
Book Marketing, Branding & Promotion
4
Campaign Strategies
4
Campaigning: Message Design
4
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
4
Radio Fe y Alegría (Venezuela)
4
Radio Pío XII (Siglo XX, Bolivia)
4
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
4
Child Labour
4
Media Literacy: Children
4
Christian Communication Ethics, Christian Media Ethics
4
Christian Ethics
4
Basic Christian Communities
4
Cinema in the Global South & Third Cinema
4
Female Film Actors, Directors & Producers
4
Historical Films
4
Film Production Companies
4
Hollywood
4
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Donors
4
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
4
Secret Services, Intelligence Services
4
Social Marketing
4
Community Media Management
4
Ethnic Conflicts
4
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
4
Aesthetics in Media & Communication
4
Television Quality
4
Digital Anthropology, Cyberanthropology
4
Mythology & Communication, Media Myths
4
Ritual Communication & Media Rituals
4
Arts
4
Cultural Change
4
Cultural Values
4
Poetry
4
Multicultural Societies, Multiethnic Societies
4
Church Development Cooperation
4
Development Education
4
Nonprofit Management, NGO Management, Management General
4
Development Planning
4
Funding Criteria & Priorities
4
Communication for Local Development
4
Development Communication Research
4
Governance Support Communication
4
Religious Digital & Social Media Practices
4
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
4
WeChat (Messaging, Social Media & Mobile Payment App, China)
4
Electronic Commerce
4
Reporting on Digitalization, AI, Internet, ICTs
4
ICTs and Poverty Reduction
4
Software Industries
4
ICT Indicators
4
Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
4
English-Language Media Abroad
4
Ethnic / Minority Television Programmes
4
Foreigners: Media Representation
4
Minorities
4
Xenophobia
4
Archives
4
Digital & Online Archives
4
Informal Sector, Informal Economy
4
Media Market Transparency
4
Video Markets
4
Radio Economics
4
Microcredits, Microfinance, Small-Scale Loans
4
Audiobooks & Audio Cassettes
4
Mentoring
4
Correspondence Courses
4
Elderly People: Reporting & Media Representation
4
Participatory, Collaborative & Empowerment Evaluation
4
Gender & Religious Communication
4
Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
4
Sexuality
4
Collaboration
4
Therapeutical Use of Communication & Media
4
History of Communication Research
4
Local History & Memory
4
Second World War (1939-1945)
4
Indigenous Television Broadcasting
4
Public Funding & Support Policies: Indigenous Communication
4
Intercultural Dialogue
4
Media Assistance: Journalism Exchange Programmes
4
Transnational / International Civil Society Communication Networks & Strategies
4
Commonwealth
4
Diplomacy
4
Francophonie
4
Journalism Training Methods
4
Journalism Sources
4
Journalism Studies: Research Projects
4
Religion: Media Representation
4
Risk Communication
4
Australia: Media Assistance
4
Knight Foundation
4
Media Assistance: Effects
4
Media Assistance: Local Journalism & Media
4
Media Assistance: Post-Socialist Countries
4
Media Assistance: Research Communication
4
Media Assistance: Training Institutions
4
Mindfulness, Mindful Communication
4
Law, Legislation, Judiciary (General)
4
Media Complaints / Sanctions Procedures
4
Contracts, Labour Agreements, Service Contracts
4
CIESPAL (Communication Research & Training Center, Quito, Ecuador)
4
Radio Free Europe
4
Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation
4
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
4
Pop Music
4
Citizenship
4
Political Change
4
Failed States
4
Parliaments
4
Alternative Public Spheres
4
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
4
El Espectador (Newspaper, Colombia)
4
Tempo Magazine (Weekly, Indonesia)
4
Yellow Press
4
Radio Networks
4
Radio Sagarmatha (Nepal)
4
Satellite Radios
4
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
4
Socialization
4
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
4
Religious Populism
4
Network Analysis
4
Data Analysis & Interpretation
4
Political Indicators
4
Participatory Action Research
4
Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
4
Randomised Control Trials & (Quasi-) Experimental Designs
4
Discrimination
4
Disappeared People, Missing People
4
Coalition Building
4
Nomades
4
Social Development
4
Social Control
4
Inequalities
4
Marginality, Marginalized Groups
4
Social Classes
4
Lower Classes
4
Sociology
4
Television Engineering & Technologies
4
Telecommunication Networks
4
Pay TV, Pay Television
4
Al-Arabiya
4
Televisa (Television Channel, Mexico)
4
Television Reports
4
Urban Areas
4
Audiovisual Communication
4
Visual Cultures
4
Print Media Advertising
3
Celebrity Humanitarianism
3
Agricultural Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Audience Composition
3
Audience Research: Concepts & Experiences
3
Digital & Social Media Use: Children
3
Internet & Social Media Use: Minorities
3
Media Use: Entertainment
3
Media Use: Indigenous Populations
3
Media Use: Political Information
3
Media Use: Workers
3
Book Policies (National & International)
3
Small-Scale & Self-Publishing
3
Radio Cutivalú (Piura, Peru)
3
Radio Huayacocotla (Huayacocotla, Mexico)
3
Radio Kwizera (Ngara, Tanzania)
3
Radio Sutatenza (ACPO) (Colombia)
3
Radio Veritas Asia
3
Child Soldiers
3
Children & Childhood
3
Sesame Street (Children's Television Programme)
3
Girls and Media
3
School Radios
3
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD)
3
Christian Radios: Evangelical / Protestant & Others
3
Christianity (General)
3
Asian Cinema
3
Conflict Coverage: Cinema & Audiovisual Media
3
Ethnographic Films
3
Feature Films
3
Indigenous Films, Indigenous Videos
3
Film Editing
3
Encryption, Cryptology
3
Right to be Forgotten
3
Development Aid Public Relations, Development Public Awareness Raising
3
Street Papers
3
Traditional Music
3
Vietnam War (1955-1975)
3
Jamming
3
Post-Conflict Contexts: Role of Media
3
Media Ethnography
3
Dance, Folk Dances
3
Cultural Heritage
3
Cultural Pluralism
3
Cultural Role & Influence of Media
3
Digital Cultures
3
Foreign Cultural Policies & Cooperation
3
Hybrid Cultures, Hybridization
3
Tales, Legends, Traditional Literary Lore
3
Radio Culture
3
Subcultures
3
UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005)
3
BRICS Countries
3
Development Strategies
3
Disasters, Disaster Relief, Disaster Prevention
3
Ethics in Development Assistance
3
Soul City (NGO, South Africa)
3
Edutainment Campaigns: Planning & Implementation
3
Street Television: Video Screenings in Public Places
3
Visual Aids for Development
3
Data
3
Digital Criticism
3
Digital Healthcare & Information, Mobile Health, E-Health, Telemedicine
3
Rappler (Philippines)
3
Digital Skills, Digital Production Skills
3
Mailing Lists
3
Hackers & Hacking
3
Internet Effects
3
Digital Financial Services, Mobile Banking, Mobile Payphone Business
3
Internet Markets
3
Netflix
3
VK (Russian Social Network)
3
Trolling (Social Media)
3
AI Ethics
3
Information Highway
3
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
3
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
3
French-Language Media Abroad
3
Hispanic Americans, Hispanic Media
3
Integration of Minorities: Role of Media
3
Religious Minorities & Media
3
Radio in Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
3
Documentation Systems
3
Media Clusters
3
Distribution of Media
3
Video on Demand
3
Consumption, Consumer Behaviour, Consumerism
3
Economic Policies
3
Energy Supply, Electricity
3
Taxes
3
Adult Education
3
Curricula: School Education
3
Educational Policies
3
Higher Education
3
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
3
Nonformal Education
3
Students
3
Workshops & Seminars: Methods, Tools, Planning, Experiences
3
Ethics in Entertainment
3
Water Resources Management, Water Access & Supply
3
Ethics (General)
3
Ethics & Data Protection in Research
3
Morals
3
Social Norms
3
Information Products & Services: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
3
Success Factors
3
Moderation / Facilitation Skills & Techniques
3
Food, Food Security, Nutrition
3
Polio Communication
3
Tuberculosis Communication
3
20th century
3
Indigenous Languages
3
Foreign Media Reception & Effects
3
European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
3
Sputnik (Russian State News Portal & Radio Broadcast Service)
3
Turkey: International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy, Image Abroad
3
Dependence
3
OECD
3
Windhoek Declaration on Promoting Independent and Pluralistic Media (UNESCO, 1991)
3
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
3
Crossmedia Journalism
3
Journalism Training in Conflict Areas
3
Editorials (Journalism)
3
Journalistic Practices & Routines
3
Prostitution Reporting & Media Representation
3
Judaism: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Religious Journalism, Religion News
3
African Languages
3
French Language
3
Language and Media
3
Metaphors
3
Belgium: Media Assistance
3
Media Assistance: Eastern & Southeast Europe
3
Media Assistance: Funding Policies
3
Media Assistance: Funding Schemes, Assistance Funds
3
Media Assistance: Good Practice Examples
3
Radio Nederland Training Centre (RNTC)
3
Media Assistance: Mapping of Programs & Donors
3
Media Assistance: Middle East
3
Norway: Media Assistance
3
Switzerland: Media Assistance
3
Media & Communication General
3
Dissemination of Information
3
Corporate Communications
3
Media Privatization
3
Media Literacy: Secondary Education
3
Customary Law
3
Nationalisation of Media
3
Right to Reply, Right of Recitification
3
Coaching
3
Consulting, Consultants, Consultancies
3
Entrepreneurship
3
Low-Cost Solutions, Low Budget Calculation
3
Print Media Management
3
Educación Radiofónica de Bolivia (ERBOL)
3
Radio France Internationale (RFI)
3
Radio Television Afghanistan (RTA)
3
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
3
Caruana Galizia, Daphne (1964-2017)
3
Freire, Paulo (1921-1997)
3
Gandhi, Mohandas K. (1869-1948)
3
Martín-Barbero, Jesús
3
Photographers
3
Clientelism
3
Fascism
3
Liberalism
3
Hybrid Political Systems
3
Public Budgets, Participatory Budgeting
3
Centralization
3
Political Magazines
3
Newspaper Economics
3
El Tiempo (Newspaper, Colombia)
3
Periodicals
3
Project Financing
3
Project Impact, Project Effects, Project Effectiveness, Project Efficiency
3
Institutional Sustainability
3
Public Service Broadcasting: Religious Programmes
3
Radio Documentaries
3
Muslim Radio Broadcasting
3
B92 (Radio Station, Belgrade)
3
Mega FM (Radio Station, Gulu, Uganda)
3
Radio La Tribu (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
3
Radio Liberty
3
Radio Ndeke Luka (Central African Republic)
3
Tambuli Radio Network (Philippines)
3
Audience Influence
3
Gatekeeping Function of Media
3
Psychology (General)
3
Memory, Memorizing
3
Attitudes, Attitude Formation & Change
3
Social Functions & Effects of the Media
3
Buddhism
3
Interreligious Dialogue
3
Islamophobia
3
Jewish Media
3
Religion (General)
3
Communication Research Design
3
Analysis
3
Digital Sources
3
Ethnographic Research
3
Rural Areas, Rural Communities, Rural Development
3
Human Security
3
Ethnocentrism
3
Blockchain Technologies
3
Computers
3
Telephone
3
CNN
3
TeleSur (Television Channel)
3
University Television
3
Housing: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Visual Representations
3
Access to Media & Information: Disadvantaged Groups and Minorities
2
Access to Media & Information: Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas
2
Information Selection
2
Advertising Sales Management
2
Children & Advertising
2
Nonprofit Advertising, Advertising for Noncommercial Purposes
2
Advocacy & Empowerment: Migrants & Refugees
2
People with Disabilities: Advocacy & Empowerment
2
Agricultural Development & Policies
2
Book Reading Habits, Book Readers, Book Consumption
2
Elderly People: Internet & Social Media Use
2
Health Information Access & Use
2
Media Use: Children
2
Media Use: Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
2
Radio Use: Women
2
News Avoidance
2
Book Rights, Publishing Contracts, Licenses
2
Cartonera Books
2
Development Communication Campaigns
2
Radio Campaigns
2
Catholic Communicators & Journalists
2
Catholic News Agencies, Catholic News Services
2
Radio Ecclesia (Luanda, Angola)
2
Radio Icengelo (Kitwe, Zambia)
2
Radio Latacunga (Latacunga, Ecuador)
2
Radio La Voz de la Selva (Iquitos, Peru)
2
Radio Marañón (Jaén, Perú)
2
Radio Onda Azul (Puno, Peru)
2
Radio San Gabriel (El Alto, Bolivia)
2
Catholic Media Organizations
2
Catholic Social Thought
2
Church Documents on Communication
2
Saints
2
Child Abuse
2
Children's Films
2
Children's Media
2
Children's Radio Programmes
2
Digital Literacy: Children
2
Puppetry
2
Orthodox Churches
2
Christian Media
2
World Council of Churches (WCC)
2
Missionary Communication, Media & Evangelisation
2
Theologies
2
Arab Cinema, Middle Eastern Cinema
2
Film & Gender
2
Film Financing
2
Horror Films
2
Film Production
2
Microphones & Sound Recording
2
Film Training & Film Schools
2
Local Cinema Management
2
Copyright: Photos & Illustrations
2
Copyright: Software
2
Patents
2
Performing Rights
2
Recording Rights
2
Reprint Rights
2
Translation Rights
2
Espionage
2
Facial Recognition, Biometric Surveillance
2
Transnational Public Relations Agencies & Consortia
2
Community Informatics
2
Cameroon Community Media Network (CCMN)
2
Coordinadora de Medios Populares de Ecuador (CORAPE)
2
Foro Argentino de Radios Comunitarias (FARCO)
2
Community Television Management
2
Armed Conflicts
2
Small Arms
2
Gaza War (2023-)
2
Soldiers
2
Violence in the Media: Glorification
2
Marxist Media Criticism
2
Visual Anthropology
2
Artists
2
Street Theatre
2
Cultural Dependency
2
Cultural Development
2
Cultural Exchange
2
Cultural Relations
2
Cultural Goods
2
Fiction
2
Multiculturalism
2
Reading Promotion
2
Traditional Cultures
2
Small-Scale Funds
2
Development Organizations
2
USAID - Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI)
2
International NGOs
2
Open Society Foundations (NGO network)
2
Volunteers & Volunteer Management
2
Development Projects: Planning & Implementation
2
Free Basics (Facebook Internet Access Programme)
2
Development Education: Use & Role of Media
2
Edutainment Campaigns: Effects & Effectiveness
2
Media for Development
2
Posters for Development & Education
2
Cyberspace
2
Daily Maverick (South Africa)
2
The Quint (India)
2
Digital Media Usability
2
Spam & Scam
2
ICANN
2
Chat
2
Online Media & Internet Economics
2
Online Dating
2
Online Services
2
Open Access Publishing
2
Hashtags
2
Video & Foto Online Communities
2
Wikis
2
Development Websites, Blogs & Online Communities
2
Online Learning, E-Learning
2
ICT Effects & Impact
2
ICT Enterprises
2
Homeless People
2
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Minorities
2
Racism
2
Early Warning: Disasters
2
Emergency Health Communication
2
QAnon (Conspiracy Narrative)
2
Effects of Disinformation on Democracy
2
Government-Sponsored Disinformation
2
Data Bases, Digital Libraries, Open Access Repositories
2
Information Processing
2
Media Conglomerates
2
Media Competition
2
Radio Industries
2
Alternative Economy, Solidarity Economy, Social Economy Businesses, Fair Trade
2
Economic Development
2
Economic Indicators
2
Industrialized Countries
2
International Economy
2
National Economies
2
Basic Education
2
Education (General)
2
Illiteracy, Non-Literate Persons
2
Open Educational Resources (OER)
2
Primary Education
2
Secondary Education
2
Teachers
2
Academic Training
2
Communication Training
2
Leisure
2
Docudrama
2
Tourism & Travel
2
Environmental Issues (General)
2
Wastes & Recycling
2
Defamation: Effects on Victims
2
Journalistic (In)Dependence
2
Religious Communication Ethics, Religious Media Ethics
2
Development Projects: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
2
Evaluation Approaches, Purposes & Frameworks
2
Gender in Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
2
Most Significant Change (MSC)
2
Feminist Media
2
Gender Issues: Media Coverage
2
Men, Male Identity, Masculinity
2
Rural Women & Communication
2
Women's Rights
2
Events
2
Innovations
2
Health: Media Representation (Factual & Fictional)
2
Malaria Communication
2
Medicines, Medical Drugs
2
Mental Health (General)
2
Indigenous Rights, Indigenous Jurisdiction & Customary Law
2
International Media
2
Russia: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
2
Colonialism
2
NATO
2
Communication / Journalism Journals & Magazines
2
Undercover Journalism
2
Crónicas / Chronics
2
Commentaries (Journalism)
2
Newsgathering
2
Agence France Press (AFP)
2
Agencia Noticiosa Fides (ANF) (News Agency, Bolivia)
2
Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN)
2
Journalistic Radio Programmes
2
Rede de Notícias da Amazônia (Radio Journalism Network, Brazil)
2
Social Issues: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Witnesses, Witness Testimonies
2
Abbreviations
2
Spanish Language
2
Language Barriers
2
Linguistic Diversity
2
Minority Languages
2
Canada: Media Assistance
2
Agence Intergouvernementale de la Francophonie (Paris)
2
Media Assistance: History
2
Fundación Gabo (formerly: Fundación para el Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano (FNPI))
2
Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA)
2
Media Assistance: Lessons Learned
2
Media Assistance: South-South Cooperation
2
Ushahidi (Crowdsourcing Mapping Software)
2
Diffusion of Innovations
2
Proverbs
2
Adoption of Western Communication Models & Media Practices
2
Accreditation of Journalists
2
Arbitrary Detentions
2
Child Protection: Legislation & Regulation
2
Constitutions
2
Rule of Law
2
Administration
2
Corporate Governance
2
Corporate Strategies
2
Design Thinking
2
Nonprofit Governance & Boards
2
Strategic Alliances, Strategic Partnerships
2
Asociación de Radios y Programas Participativos de El Salvador (ARPAS)
2
Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV)
2
Escuela Audiovisual Infantil (Belén de los Andaquíes, Caquetá, Colombia)
2
Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise (RTS)
2
Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas & Media
2
Female Migrants / Migration
2
Migrants
2
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
2
People with Disabilities: Tailored ICT & Media Products
2
Coughlin, Charles (1891-1979)
2
Fals Borda, Orlando
2
Habermas, Jürgen
2
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
2
Colonial Photography
2
Government Policies
2
Interest Groups
2
Internationalism
2
Political Persecution
2
Referendum
2
Personal Safety
2
Statebuilding
2
Political Discourse
2
Newsletters
2
Weekend Nation (Weekly, Malawi)
2
Television Production Skills
2
Video Production Skills
2
Project Implementation
2
Project Sustainability
2
Call-In Dedication & Greeting Programs
2
Foreign Language Radio Programmes
2
Religious Radio Programmes
2
Radio Stations: Buildings
2
Non-Commercial Radios
2
Radio Ada (Ghana)
2
Radio Progreso (El Progreso, Honduras)
2
Radio Progress (Wa, Upper West Region, Ghana)
2
Cyberpsychology
2
Archetypes
2
Self-Help
2
Mental Stress
2
Personality
2
Social Integration: Role of Media
2
Therapeutical Writing, Memory Books
2
Islam
2
Religion and Human Rights
2
Religious Television Programmes
2
Symbols
2
Taoism
2
Yazidism, Yazidis, Yezidis
2
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
2
Quantitative Analysis
2
Systems Analysis
2
Freedom of the Press Index (Freedom House)
2
Media Sustainability Index (MSI)
2
Information Analysis
2
Contextual Analysis
2
Survey Methods
2
Research Report Writing
2
Researchers
2
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
2
Assassination
2
State Violence
2
Civic Coalitions
2
Communities of Practice
2
Loudspeakers, Public Address Systems (PA)
2
Cameras (Film, TV, Video)
2
Paper & Paper Production
2
Radio Production Software
2
Radio Sets, Radio Receivers
2
Satellite Communication Technologies
2
Software Security
2
Technologies: Impact Assessment
2
Technology Transfer
2
Television Transmitters
2
Mobile & Wireless Communications Technologies
2
WLAN Wireless Internet Access
2
Remote Work, Teleworking, Working from Home
2
State Influence on ICT & Telecommunication Markets
2
Interactive Voice Response (IVR)
2
Al-Manar (Television Channel, Lebanon)
2
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
2
Tolo TV (Television Channel, Afghanistan)
2
Television Production Companies
2
National Television Programmes
2
Television Magazines
2
Television Programmes, Specific
2
Television Semiotics
2
Audiovisual Language
2
Visualization
2
Youth, Adolescents
2
Youth Television Programmes
2
Access to Media & Information: Indigenous Populations
1
Information Gaps
1
Information Gathering
1
Adblocking
1
Advertising Criticism
1
Advertising Planning & Implementation
1
Advertising: Professional & University Education
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in Advertising
1
Outdoor Advertising
1
Radio Spots
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Children
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Chronically ill People
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Ethnic Minorities
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Monitoring & Evaluation
1
Transnational Advocacy Campaigns, International Advocacy Campaigns
1
Agriculture & ICTs, e-Agriculture
1
Family Farming
1
Fishing
1
Pastoralism
1
Audience Expectations & Satisfaction
1
Audience Letters
1
Audience Orientation
1
Audience Research Under Difficult Conditions
1
Behavior Tracking & Cookies
1
International Audiences
1
Media Socialisation, Media Biographies, Media Life Journeys
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Media Use: Families
1
Media Use: Influence of Religion
1
Mobile Phone Use: Minorities
1
Media Use: Preferred Contents & Programmes
1
Mobile Phone Use: Women
1
Television Use: Women
1
Media Reception & Effects: Youth
1
Mobile Phone Use: Youth
1
Mobile Phone Use: Migrants & Refugees
1
Reading, Reading Habits, Reading Skills
1
Religious Media Use, Religious Media Audiences
1
Using Audience Research Data for the Improvement of Media Products
1
Cinema in Authoritarian Regimes
1
Author's Writing & Publishing Guides
1
Centro Regional para el Fomento del Libro en América Latina (CERLALC)
1
Conflict Coverage: Children's Books & Educational Materials
1
Gender and Book Publishing
1
Professional, Specialist & Technical Books
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Youth Literature & Books
1
Information Campaigns
1
Media Events (Events or Activities Hosted Largely with the Media in Mind)
1
Catholic Church: Communication Education & Training
1
La Semaine Africaine (Catholic Weekly, Brazzaville)
1
COPE (Catholic Radio Network, Spain)
1
Radio Enmanuel (Huaycán, Lima, Peru)
1
Radio Estrella del Mar (Ancud, Chile)
1
Radio Maria (Catholic Radio Network)
1
Radio Nawal Estéreo (Guatemala, formerly: La Voz de Nahualá)
1
Radio Santa Clara (San Carlos, Costa Rica)
1
Radio Santa María (La Vega, Dominican Republic)
1
Radio Soleil (Haiti)
1
Radio Veritas (Johannesburg, South Africa)
1
Radio Waumini (Nairobi)
1
Rede Vida (Catholic Television Channel, Brazil)
1
Diocesan Catholic Communication Work
1
Signis
1
UCIP - Union Catholique Internationale de la Presse
1
UNDA (International Catholic Radio and TV Association, 1928-2001)
1
Faith-Based Media Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
History of Communication: Catholic Church
1
Francis (Pope)
1
Child Marriage
1
Child Protection Online
1
Children & Digital Media
1
Digital Media Socialisation
1
Children: Early Childhood, Toddlers, Preschoolers
1
Children's Magazines
1
Children's News Programmes
1
Educational Comics & Comics for Development
1
Media Literacy: Comics
1
Media Reception & Effects: Children
1
Orphans
1
Street Children
1
Bible, Biblical Theology
1
Christian Churches: Communication Education & Training
1
Adventist Church
1
Evangelical Churches
1
Lutheran Churches
1
Pentecostal Churches
1
Reformed / United Churches
1
Christian Radio Programmes
1
Christian Radios
1
Christian Social Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Christian Television
1
Sat-7 (Television Channel)
1
Christian Television Programmes
1
Televangelism
1
Clergy, Bishops, Priests
1
Ecumenism
1
Inculturation
1
Missiology
1
Pentecostal Churches & Communication
1
Sects
1
Awards & Prizes: Film Awards
1
Blockbusters
1
Cinema (Location)
1
Environmental Films
1
Fédération Panafricaine des Cineástes (FEPACI)
1
Film Associations, Film Organizations
1
Film and Development
1
Film and Religion, Religion in Motion Pictures
1
Religious Films
1
Film Ethics
1
Film Budgeting & Production Costs
1
Action & Adventure Films
1
Comedies
1
Crime Films
1
Ethnic Films, Minority Films
1
Science Fiction Films
1
Film Marketing
1
Film Music
1
Film Production Skills
1
Film Semiotics
1
Film Studies & Research
1
Screenwriting, Film Scriptwriting, TV Scriptwriting
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Economic Factors
1
Digital Rights Management
1
Clandestine Media
1
Arab Press Freedom Watch (Organization)
1
History of Press Freedom & Censorship
1
Viral Spots & Viral Online Communication
1
Press Officers, Spokesmen
1
Public Relations Education, Public Relations Training
1
Public Relations: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Public Relations: Professional & University Education
1
Community Archives & Libraries
1
Community Media Research, Community Communication Research
1
Community-Oriented Radio Programmes
1
Community Websites
1
Class Conflicts
1
Cultural Conflicts
1
Dehumanization
1
Biafra War (1967-1970)
1
Bosnia War (1992-1995)
1
Gaza War (2008-2009)
1
Italia-Ethiopia War (1935-1936)
1
Resource Conflicts, Resoruce Wars
1
War Economies
1
Interethnic Communication
1
Violence in the Media: Television
1
Computational Content Analysis
1
Content Analysis: Films
1
Hermeneutics
1
Arabic culture
1
Circus
1
Musicals & Operas
1
Political Theatre
1
Puppetry in Education
1
Youth Theatre
1
Visual Arts, Painting
1
Arts & Media
1
Cultural Events
1
Cultural Barriers
1
Cultural Processes
1
Cultural Traditions
1
Cultural Indicators
1
Cultural Integration
1
Influence of Media on Traditional Cultures
1
Authors, Writers
1
Indigenous Language Literature
1
Literature: Social Criticism
1
Television Culture
1
National Integration
1
Orthography
1
Religion and Culture
1
Writing & Writing Styles
1
Adveniat (Catholic Donor Agency, Germany)
1
Development Assistance: Accountability & Transparency
1
Development Assistance: Beneficiaries, Target Groups, Beneficiary Inclusion & Participation
1
Development Assistance: Institutional Support & Core Funding
1
Development Financing
1
Development Programmes
1
Digitalization in NGOs, Civil Society & Development Organizations
1
Donor NGOs
1
Communication for Governance & Accountability Program (CommGAP) (World Bank)
1
Ashoka (NGO)
1
Development NGOs
1
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)
1
Local Development Planning
1
National Development Planning
1
Regional Development Planning
1
Information For All Programme (IFAP/UNESCO)
1
Dependency Theories
1
Development Workers & Experts
1
Government Development Cooperation, Official Development Assistance (ODA)
1
Human Development
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Development Issues and Development Assistance
1
Religion and Development
1
Underdevelopment
1
Behaviour Change
1
Behaviour Change Communication: Effects & Effectiveness
1
Development Communication: Design & Implementation
1
Development Communication: Donor Organizations
1
Development Communication Education & Training
1
Development Communication: Effects & Effectiveness
1
Development Communication: Indigenous & Traditional Communication
1
Development Communication Tools & Methods
1
Edutainment Campaigns: Experiences
1
Television for Development
1
Crossmedia Publishing
1
Darknet
1
Digital Entrepreneurs, Tech Entrepreneurs
1
Digital Labour, Digital Work
1
Digital Media, Internet & Religion
1
Religious Apps
1
Religious Websites & Blogs
1
Digital Radio Transmission
1
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB)
1
Digital & Social Media Effects
1
Digital Tools
1
Electronic Newsletters
1
Interactive Media
1
Internet and Development
1
Internet and Society / Social Change
1
Internet Business Management
1
Microsoft
1
Microtargeting
1
Net Neutrality
1
Chatbots
1
Political Microtargeting
1
Social Media Companies
1
Online Public Relations
1
Online Television
1
Web Entertainment Series
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“Don’t Touch Me”: Sexual Harassments, Digital Threats, and Social Resistance Toward Kuwaiti Female Journalists

Fatima Alsalem
In: The Palgrave Handbook of Gender, Media and Communication in the Middle East and North Africa
Loubna H. Skalli; Nahed Eltantawy (eds.)
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), pp. 373-390
"This study examines the obstacles and challenges faced by female journalists in Kuwait. It explores a set of interrelated factors that discourage women from working in the media, such as gender inequality, sexual harassment, threats, social resistance, and cultural barriers. The study uses a mixed ... more
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Dicing with death: Analyzing the killings of Pakistani journalists with a focus on Arshad Sharif case

Rabia Noor, Noshina Nazir
Journal of ISOSS, volume 9, issue 2 (2023), pp. 631-642
"Journalists in Pakistan are losing their lives during the course of their duty. This study identifies the factors and actors behind the killings of Pakistani journalists and the role of stakeholders and media owners in compromising journalists’ safety, under the lens of social responsibility theo ... more
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Humanitarian Journalists: Covering Crises from a Boundary Zone

Martin Scott, Kate Wright, Mel Bunce
London; New York: Routledge (2023), xvi, 127 pp.
"Based on a 5-year study, involving over 150 in-depth interviews, this book examines the political, economic and social forces that sustain and influence humanitarian journalists. The authors argue that – by amplifying marginalised voices and providing critical, in-depth explanations of neglected ... more
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Moving Beyond the Protest Paradigm? News Coverage of International Women’s Day Marches in Mexico

C. González de Bustamante G. Salazar Rebolledo
In: Violence Against Women in the Global South: Reporting in the #MeToo Era
Andrea Jean Baker; Celeste González de Bustamante; Jeannine E. Relly (eds.)
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), pp. 113-143
"The chapter examines how news coverage of feminist protests in Mexico, one of the most violent countries in the world for women and for journalists, has changed in mainstream Mexican media since the #MeToo movement’s revitalization after 2017. With few exceptions, news coverage in Mexico, a count ... more
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‘Keeping news alive in Venezuela’: Using social media as tactical media

Paromita Pain, Ezequiel Korin
Global Media and Communication, volume 19, issue 1 (2023), pp. 101-117
"Venezuela leads Latin America with the largest number of imprisoned journalists and extreme government-led media censorship. Our in-depth interviews with 25 Venezuelan journalists reveal that assisting journalists to combat government control are social media and technology platforms like WhatsApp, ... more
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External Monitoring of Coercive Agents and the Murders of Journalists: A Cross-National Study of Journalist Killings, 1992–2018

Berkay Alica
Human Rights Quarterly, volume 45, issue 1 (2023), pp. 32-61
"Targeted attacks on journalists are internationally condemned crimes, which not only undermine freedom of expression, but also symbolize an utter disregard for basic human rights. Yet, murders of journalists occur in all types of regimes, whether autocratic or democratic. This article explores the ... more
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Psychological and Physical Lived Experiences of Journalists Covering Terrorism in Kenya

Benjamin Muindi
Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, volume 78, issue 2 (2023), pp. 251-266
"This research is based on 28 in-depth interviews with Kenya-based journalists who report terrorism. The objective of the research was to recount their lived experiences. The theme of safety of journalists comprised psychological and physical safety of the newspeople, and there were various ways in ... more
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Preparing to publish: How journalists negotiate content restrictions in semi-authoritarian states

Ruth Moon
International Communication Gazette, volume 85, issue 2 (2023), pp. 120-140
"Journalists act strategically in response to their political environments, using practices like self-censorship to avoid negative repercussions from powerful actors. But what does self-censorship look like in practice? Grounded in theories of policy response and media sociology, this study uses jou ... more
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Assessing the risks of journalists reporting in conflict zones: A case study of Somalia

Anne Maureen Syallow
International Journal of Advanced Mass Communication and Journalism, volume 4, issue 1 (2023), pp. 16-20
"This study was conducted to assess the risks journalists face while reporting in Somalia. It was guided by three specific objectives that included: evaluating the cases of physical attacks on journalists reporting in Somalia, analyzing the cases of arbitrary arrests and imprisonments of journalists ... more
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Breaking the Silence: The 10 Most Under-Reported Humanitarian Crises of 2022

London: Care International (2023), 28 pp.
"Our 2022 report shows that all of the most under-reported crises are now in Africa. Hunger is rampant and spreading, particularly in East Africa where one of the worst droughts in living memory is causing over 21 million people to face life-threatening hunger. Water becomes scarcer every day, crops ... more
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Is Pro-Kremlin Disinformation Effective? Evidence from Ukraine

Aaron Erlich, Calvin Garner
International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 1 (2023), pp. 5-28
"Can residents of Ukraine discern between pro-Kremlin disinformation and true statements? Moreover, which pro-Kremlin disinformation claims are more likely to be believed, and by which audiences? We present the results from two surveys carried out in 2019—one online and the other face-to-face—th ... more
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Whose Media Freedom is Being Defended? Norm Contestation in International Media Freedom Campaigns

Martin Scott, Mel Bunce, Mary Myers, Maria Carmen Fernandez
Journal of Communication, volume 73, issue 2 (2023), pp. 87-100
"This article analyses how international advocacy campaigns approach and define media freedom, and what influences this process. It does this through a two-year case study of the Media Freedom Coalition—an intergovernmental partnership of over 50 countries—that included 55 interviews with key st ... more
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Sealing the Cracks: An Intersectional Feminist Perspective on Digital Peacebuilding

Berlin: Berghof Foundation (2023), 35 pp.
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Censorship from Plato to Social Media: The Complexity of Social Media's Content Regulation and Moderation Practices

Gergely Gosztonyi
Cham: Springer (2023), xiv, 189 pp.
"In many countries, censorship, blocking of internet access and internet content for political purposes are still part of everyday life. Will filtering, blocking, and hacking replace scissors and black ink? This book argues that only a broader understanding of censorship can effectively protect free ... more
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“It’s the Economy, Stupid!”, Is it Not? The Relationship Between Press Freedom and the Status of the Economy in Western Media Systems

Theodora A. Maniou, Eleni Ketteni
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 6 (2023), pp. 715-737
"The existing literature presents several studies which show that the levels of press freedom can affect the state of the economy. What has not thus far been investigated is whether the economy can affect the levels of press freedom, the specific economic conditions that mainly affect it and the dif ... more
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Beyond Cheerleading: Navigating the Boundaries of Science Journalism in South Africa

Suzanne Franks, Marina Joubert, Rebecca Wells, Lali Van Zuydam
Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 14 (2023), pp. 1734-1753
"Science journalism faces an issue that is part of a bigger picture of media change. The economic pressures which have seen shrinking resources available for reporting news are contrasted by the relentless rise of corporate communication and public relations. Institutional science communication has ... more
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WhatsApp and Transparency: An Analysis on the Effects of Digital Platforms’ Opacity in Political Communication Research Agendas in Brazil

Viktor Chagas, Gabriella Da-Costa
Profesional de la Información, volume 32, issue 2 (2023), 14 pp.
"This article aims to discuss what we call environmental opacity, a condition of mobile instant messaging services (MIMS) that operates on the basis of end-to-end encryption systems. Utilizing WhatsApp as a specific example, the article presents two fundamental dilemmas around which some issues conc ... more
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Soft News in Original Videos: Adaptation to TikTok of the Main Spanish Online Media

Suandi Estrada-Garcia, José Gamir-Rios
Profesional de la Información, volume 32, issue 2 (2023), 17 pp.
"Since the beginning of 2020, media around the world have started and intensified their TikTok activity to gain notoriety and reach young people, their main user group. However, as with other previously popularized social media, such as Facebook or Twitter, the platform’s logic is different from t ... more
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Equally Safe case studies: Protecting women journalists

London: Article 19 (2023)
"What might feminist approaches to the protection of journalists look like, and what benefits might they bring? From national organisations to grassroots networks, our findings document women’s monumental efforts to make structural changes, tackle entrenched patterns of gender-based discrimination ... more
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Alternative Fakten: zur Praxis der kommunikativen Erkenntnisverweigerung

Nils-Christian Kumkar
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2023), 332 pp.
"Der Begriff der "alternativen Fakten" hat in den vergangenen Jahren einen raschen Aufstieg erfahren. Mit ihm verbindet sich die Sorge, dass "alternative", den Tatsachen widersprechende Deutungen bestimmter politisch relevanter Sachverhalte zugenommen haben - und dass dies auf ein Schwinden des gete ... more