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Key Guidance
26
Quick Overview
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Top Insights
45
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Media Law & Regulation
312
Media & Communication Policies
144
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
116
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
70
Copyright Law
69
Freedom of Expression
61
Defamation Law & Regulation
57
Communication Rights
56
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
54
Television Law & Regulation
46
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
45
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
40
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
37
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
37
Radio Law & Regulation
35
Regulatory Bodies
30
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
27
Self-Regulation of Media
25
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
25
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
24
Media Ownership
23
Law Enforcement, Litigations, Legal Practice, Case Law, Jurisdiction
23
Community Radios
21
Digital Television
19
Intellectual Property
18
Journalism
17
Licensing of Media
17
Democracy / Democratization and Media
17
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
16
Media Concentration
16
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
16
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
15
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
15
Media / Communication Control
14
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
14
Public Service Broadcasting
14
Television
14
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
13
Creative & Cultural Industries
13
Journalism Ethics
13
Human Rights
13
Freedom of Expression Principles
12
Censorship
12
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
12
Media Industries
12
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
11
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
11
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
11
International Media & Communication Policies
11
Law & Regulation: Protection of Confidential Sources & Whistleblowers
11
Plagiarism
10
Community Radio Policies
10
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
10
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
10
European Union (EU)
10
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
10
Democracy
10
Politics and Media
10
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
9
UNESCO
9
Media Governance
9
Political Transition and Media
9
Press
9
Public Media, State Media
9
Copyright: Books
8
Open Licensing, Creative Commons, Public Domain
8
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
8
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
8
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
8
Humanitarian Law
8
Ethics in Media & Communication
8
Media, Mass Media
8
Media Law & Regulation: Muslim Countries
8
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
8
Press Law & Regulation
8
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
8
Indigenous Knowledge, Local Knowledge, Traditional Knowledge
8
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
7
Community Media Policies & Regulation
7
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
7
History of Media & Communication
7
World Information and Communication Order
7
Tax Reductions for Media
7
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
7
Radio
7
Government Advertising, State Advertising
6
Chilling Effects (Discouragement of Legitimate Exercise of Legal Rights)
6
Copyright: Music
6
Community Media Financing & Sustainability
6
Cultural Policies
6
Information Society
6
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
6
Council of Europe
6
Associations & Networks of Journalists
6
Television Policies
6
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
6
Open Source Software
6
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
6
Access to Media & Information
5
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
5
Copyright: Films
5
Legal Threats to Media Freedom
5
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
5
Government Communication Strategies
5
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
5
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
5
War Reporting
5
Music Industries & Markets
5
Television Markets
5
Political Economy of Media
5
Globalisation of Media
5
Satellite Television
5
Journalists
5
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
5
MDDA - Media Develoment and Diversity Agency (South Africa)
5
Press Landscapes
5
Human Rights Protection
5
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
5
National Security Legislation
5
Financing Public Service Media
5
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
5
Public & State Television
5
Civil Society
5
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
4
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
4
Community Television
4
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
4
Defamation, Libel, Slander
4
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
4
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
4
Female Journalists & Media Workers
4
Good Practice Examples
4
Mercosur
4
Investigative Journalism
4
Media Assistance
4
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
4
Radio Landscapes
4
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
4
Media Regulation Practices
4
Accountability & Transparency
4
Corruption & Combating Corruption
4
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
4
Advertising Law & Regulation
3
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
3
Book Markets & Industries
3
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
3
Film Industries
3
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
3
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
3
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
3
Strategic Communication Planning
3
Community Media
3
Community Radio Setting-Up
3
Community Television Policies & Regulation
3
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
3
Development and Media
3
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
3
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
3
Software Industries
3
Racism in Communication & Media
3
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
3
Media Markets
3
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
3
History of the Press
3
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
3
Legal Status of Journalists
3
Election Reporting
3
Media Reporting, Reporting on Journalism & Communication Issues
3
Local Communication & Media
3
Media Assistance: Aims, Priorities, Funding Policies
3
Media Assistance: Cooperation Among Stakeholders, Power Relations, Ownership
3
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
3
Media Democratization
3
Television Landscapes
3
Right to Reply, Right of Recitification
3
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
3
Theories of Change
3
Digital Switchover
3
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
3
Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
2
Advertising
2
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
2
Media Use, Media Consumption
2
Book Rights, Publishing Contracts, Licenses
2
Film Markets
2
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
2
Copyright: Software
2
Patents
2
Performing Rights
2
Recording Rights
2
Reprint Rights
2
Translation Rights
2
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
2
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
2
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
2
Self-Censorship
2
State Influence on the Media
2
Right to be Forgotten
2
Alternative Communication & Media
2
Community Radio Contents & Programming
2
Community Radio & Gender
2
Community Radio Management
2
Terrorism
2
Conflicts and Media
2
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Cultural Diversity
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
2
Convergence of Media
2
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
2
Economics of Media
2
Informal Sector, Informal Economy
2
Radio Markets
2
Trade, International Trade, Trade Policies, Trade Agreements, Tariffs
2
Press Councils
2
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
2
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
2
Indigenous Communication
2
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
2
International News Flow
2
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
2
United Nations (UN)
2
Financing Journalism
2
Journalism Education & Training
2
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
2
Television News
2
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
2
Language Policies
2
Linguistic Diversity
2
Minority Languages
2
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
2
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
2
Media Development Indicators
2
Communication & Information Needs
2
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
2
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
2
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
2
Child Protection: Legislation & Regulation
2
Civil Rights
2
Customary Law
2
Frequency Allocation, Radio Frequency & Spectrum Management
2
Human Rights Violations
2
Judiciary & Penal System
2
Media Complaints / Sanctions Procedures
2
Religious Freedom
2
Transitional Justice
2
Financing Press & Print Media
2
South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC)
2
Democratization
2
Influence of Media on Politics
2
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
2
Public Spheres
2
Newspapers
2
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
2
Commercial Radios
2
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
2
Social Aspects
2
Digital Radio
2
Telecommunications
2
Commercial Television
2
Television Channels
2
Rede Globo (Television Network, Brazil)
2
Flow of Information
1
Advertising Markets & Industries
1
Radio Advertising
1
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
1
Advocacy
1
Lobbying
1
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
1
Media Use: Urban Populations
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
1
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
1
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
1
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
1
Campaigning
1
Political Campaigns
1
Catholic Radios
1
Children and Media
1
Children's Television Programmes
1
Christian Communication
1
Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus (IURD)
1
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
1
Liberation Theologies
1
Cinema
1
Film Financing
1
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
1
Copyright: Photos & Illustrations
1
Digital Rights Management
1
TRIPS (Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property)
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
1
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
1
Community Communication
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Community Radio Associations & Networks
1
Foro Argentino de Radios Comunitarias (FARCO)
1
Community Radio Governance & Ownership
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Participatory Communication
1
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
1
Holocaust
1
Civil Wars
1
War Crimes
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Transitional Justice Reporting
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Media Criticism
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Popular Art, Folk Art, Handicrafts
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Culture (General)
1
Traditional Cultures
1
Development Assistance
1
Democracy Assistance
1
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
1
International Development Cooperation
1
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
1
Development Communication Theories
1
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Spam & Scam
1
ICANN
1
Internet
1
Multimedia Products & Production
1
Online Communication
1
Political Blogging
1
Financing Digital / Online Media
1
Open Access Publishing
1
Search Engines
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
ICT Effects & Impact
1
ICT Regulation
1
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
1
Ethnic / Minority Television Programmes
1
Minority Rights
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Libraries
1
Commercial Broadcasting
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Press Distribution
1
Television Industries
1
Media Market Transparency
1
Press Markets
1
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
1
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
1
Private / Commercial Media Ownership
1
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
1
Market Liberalization, Economic Liberalization
1
Neoliberalism
1
Public Goods, Commons
1
Taxes
1
Curricula: School Education
1
Instructional Media & Teaching Materials
1
Open Educational Resources (OER)
1
Training
1
Sports Reporting
1
Environmental Communication
1
Biodiversity Communication
1
Extractive Industries & Mining Reporting
1
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
1
Countering Defamation & Harassment
1
Editorial Guidelines
1
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
1
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
1
Bias in News Media
1
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
1
Food, Food Security, Nutrition
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
Sexual Health Communication, Reproductive Health Education, Family Planning
1
Tobacco Counter-Marketing, Smoking Cessation Campaigning, Nicotine Addiction Reporting
1
Colonial Legacies
1
History (General)
1
History of Telecommunication
1
History of Television
1
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
1
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
1
Indigenous Rights, Indigenous Jurisdiction & Customary Law
1
Public Funding & Support Policies: Indigenous Communication
1
Intercultural Dialogue
1
European Broadcasting Union (EBU)
1
International Press Institute (IPI)
1
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
1
Transnational Television, International Television
1
Global Governance
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
1
Reporters Sans Frontièrs
1
Radio Journalism Education
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalistic Research Methods
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
News Agencies
1
Reporting & Media Representation: Specific Issues
1
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
1
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Reporting
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
Local Television
1
Financing Media: Philanthropic Support
1
Media Assistance Donors: Multilateral Organizations
1
Netherlands: Media Assistance
1
Communication
1
Communication Systems
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
1
Dissemination of Information
1
Information Exchange
1
Social Communication
1
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
1
Media Privatization
1
Radio Policies
1
Media & Information Literacy
1
Media System Analyses & Typologies
1
Socialist Media Systems
1
Accreditation of Journalists
1
Consumer Protection
1
Criminal Law & Criminal Prosecution
1
Media Content Regulation
1
Nationalisation of Media
1
Rule of Law
1
Broadcasting Companies
1
Organisational & Governing Structures of Media
1
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
1
Media Outlets, Media Associations
1
Asociación de Radios y Programas Participativos de El Salvador (ARPAS)
1
PRISA (Spain)
1
Music
1
Music Videos
1
Pop Music
1
Radio Music
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Politics
1
Governance
1
Government
1
Capitalism
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Public Interest
1
Agenda Setting
1
Independent & Oppositional Media
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Propaganda
1
El Comercio (Newspaper, Peru)
1
Yellow Press
1
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
1
Project Design, Project Planning
1
Public & State Radios
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Radio Networks
1
Radio Engineering & Technologies
1
Media Effects
1
Oppression
1
Manipulation
1
Confucianism
1
Hinduism and Communication
1
Islam and Communication
1
Judaism and Communication
1
Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
1
Research in Media & Communication
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Research Methods
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Data Collection, Data Collection Methods
1
Indicators & Indices
1
Freedom of the Press Index (Freedom House)
1
Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
1
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
1
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
1
Society
1
Civic Coalitions
1
Apartheid
1
Participation
1
Social Justice
1
Society & Media, Media Sociology
1
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
1
Radio Production Equipment & Technologies
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
Satellite Communication Technologies
1
Satellites
1
Software
1
Television Engineering & Technologies
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Pay TV, Pay Television
1
Rede Record (Television Channel, Brazil)
1
Television Programmes & Genres
1
Cultural Television Programmes
1
Non-Western Communication Approaches
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Decriminalising Defamation: An IFJ Campaign Resource for Defeating Criminal Defamation
Brussels: International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) (2005), 27 pp.
Veinte años de medios y democracia en la Argentina
Buenos Aires: La Crujía;Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2005), 300 pp.
Many Voices, One Vision: The Right to Communicate in Practice
Penang (MY): Southbound;World Association for Christian Communication (WACC) (2004), 170 pp.
The Media Tool Box 1: The Media and the Law
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2004), 82 pp.
The Media Tool Box 2: Broadcasting Regulation
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2004), 60 pp.
The Media Tool Box 4: Access to Information
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2004), 37 pp.
"This Tool Box is meant to help keep up the pressure on the authorities not just to pay lip service to the idea of free access to information but to implement it. It will describe in some more detail why such access is an essential citizen's right and how it can be exercised efficiently, without com
...
The Freedominfo.org Global Survey: Freedom of Information and Access to Government Record Laws Around the World
freedominfo.org (2004), 96 pp.
Aides publiques aux médias d'Afrique centrale: Pourquoi, comment?
Top Insights
Paris: Panos Paris;Cordaid (2004), 158 pp.
Freedom of Information: Training Manual for Public Officials
London: Article 19 (2004), 92, 22 pp.
"This manual for public officials is designed as a resource for officials who want to adopt administrative practices that conform to the best standards of freedom of information. It should help them to make their work and procedures more professional, which will increase the public’s trust in and
...
Undue Restriction: Laws Impacting on Media Freedom in the SADC
Windhoek: Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA);UNESCO (2004), 127 pp.
Information and Governance: A Guide
Berne: Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) (2004), 22 pp.
"The Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) regards this brochure as a document for discussion and orientation on the growing importance of information – and especially access to information – in international development cooperation. This document seeks to establish a framework for
...
Civil Society and Right to Information: A Perspective on India's Experience
Oslo: UNDP (2004), 52 pp.
"Conceptually, there are three stages in the promotion of a right to information regime: pre-legislation stage; during drafting stage; and post-legislation stage. Civil society in India has played a role in all the three stages. Accordingly, this paper examines how civil society has 1. brought about
...
Right to Information: Practical Guidance Note
UNDP (2004), 39 pp.
"This Practical Guidance Note aims to: heighten awareness and knowledge within UNDP country offices (COs) on right to information generally and right to information legislation specifically; assist COs by providing practical information and guidance for right to information legislation programming;
...
PICC Report on Intellectual Property Rights in the Print Industries Sector
Cape Town: Print Industries Cluster Council (2004), 205 pp.
"This report on copyright in the print industries sector was commissioned by the (South African) Department of Arts and Culture, through the Print Industries Cluster Council as part of a broader initiative to identify policy and development needs in the cultural industries. The report deals in parti
...
Asian Copyright Handbook
Tokyo: Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO (ACCU) (2004), 87 pp.
Poor People's Knowledge: Promoting Intellectual Property in Developing Countries
Washington, DC: World Bank (2004), x, 250 pp.
La piratería de libros: Problemática para la industria editorial en el Perú
Lima: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas, EAP de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Información, Informe Profesional (2004), ix, 145 pp.
Les lois sur la presse au Congo: République du Congo
Paris: Panos Paris (2004), 76 pp.
SADC Media Law: A Handbook for Media Practitioners. A Comparative Overview of the Laws and Practice in Botswana, Swaziland and Zambia. Vol. 2
Key Guidance
Top Insights
Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2004), ix, 119 pp.
