"This book explores the journalism coming out of the Afghan war from the frontline and from the greater comfort of the library. It is an unusual hybrid: the testimony of some of the best frontline correspondents of our era, much of it placed in appropriate historical contexts, alongside detailed academic analysis – and much more. It ranges from the poppy fields of Helmand province to New York via the Iraq War and the modern rebirth of “embedding”. It mixes action, reflection and analysis and focuses on some of under-reported groups such as women and the humanitarian effort in Afghanistan.
It has its origin in a conference in Coventry in March 2010 put on as part of the university’s Coventry Conversations series (with financial support from the Pro Vice-Chancellor and the Dean of Business) in conjunction with the BBC College of Journalism and journalism.co.uk (the website forum for digitally active journalists). All of that conference can be seen and heard on bbc.co.uk/journalism and Coventry.ac.uk/itunesu. Many of the contributors to this book took part in that conference though some extra pieces have been specially commissioned. The war in Afghanistan will soon be coming up to its tenth anniversary.
Operation Enduring Freedom started on 7 October 2001 as a response to the 9/11 al-Qaeda attacks on the Twin Towers in New York. Freedom in Afghanistan has far from endured in that decade. There are today 100,000-plus US troops, 10,000-plus British troops and 17,000 from ISAF allies – including Germany, France, Italy, Poland and Canada.
US intelligence admit that there are now fewer than 100 al-Qaeda (the reason for invading in the first place) fighters left in the country and that the Taliban could fight on for ever. British Prime Minister David Cameron told the House of Commons on 14 June 2010 after his return from his first official visit to Afghanistan that it was only the presence of the ISAF troops that kept al-Qaeda from returning to Afghanistan in numbers. The West is fighting a phantom and desperately searching for an exit strategy. The trouble is they will leave behind an Afghan government scarred by illegitimacy, corruption and more. The Killing Fields will continue for a while yet. Journalism has escaped comparatively lightly – just nine Western journalists killed in Afghanistan since 2001.
Like all big stories, this war has attracted the cream of British journalistic talent especially the broadcast reporters. TV awards have been won on the field of battle by the new Brahmins – the war corrs parachuted in and out of Helmand. The idea for the conference and for the book took hold when I judged the Royal Television Society News Programme of the Year Awards for 2009. All entries featured front line action from their stars. Many of them have contributed to this book." (Pages 3-4)
SECTION 1. FRONTLINES AND DEADLINES, 1
From the poppy fields of Helmand to the rebirth of "embedding" / John Mair, 3
In defence of the non-embed / Allan Little, 6
The rough guide to roughness / Alex Thomson, 13
The case for the honest embed / Stuart Ramsay, 23
Embedded - with the Taliban / Alex Crawford, 33
The "brittle" compact between the military and the media / Vaughan Smith, 42
Why embedded reporting is a necessary evil / David Hayward, 49
Challenges facing media coverage: an Afghan perspective / Hanan Habibzai, 56
SECTION 2. PUTTING IT IN PERSPECTIVE: JOURNALISM AND HISTORY, 63
Applying the microscope to the Afghan coverage / John Mair, 65
Afghanistan, truth and the unexamined war / Kevin Marsh, 67
Compromising the first draft? / Tim Luckhurst, 85
How the media distorted the truth on Afghanistan, ignored it or focused on soldiery valour in the face of evil / Phillip Knightley, 105
"You have been in Afghanistan, I perceive": Sherlock Holmes and the Wootton Bassett jihad / Will Barton, 117
SECTION 3. OTHER BATTLES, OTHER FRONTIERS, 127
Banging the drums of war - and promoting peace / Richard Lance Keeble, 129
How to improve reporting of the war in Afghanistan: feminise it! / Jake Lynch, Annabel McGoldrick and Indra Adnan, 133
"Enduring Freedom": reporting on Afghan women from 2001 to the present / Corinne Fowler, 146
Humanitarian cost of the media's military embeddedness in Afghanistan / Alpaslan Özerdem, 167
An "AfPak" weekend: US interest and The New York Times' news coverage / Oliver Boyd-Barrett, 177
SECTION 4. DEEPER MEANING, 201
Deconstructing "Hero Harry" coverage and the dilemmas of reporting secret warfare / Richard Lance Keeble, 203
Soldiers and citizens: the Afghan conflict, the press, the military and the breaking of the "military covenant" / John Tulloch, 206
Operation Moshtarak and the manufacture of credible, "heroic" warfare / Richard Lance Keeble, 229
Afghanistan: civilian casualties of the PR war / David Edwards and David Cromwell, 261
"Can't talk now, mate": New Zealand news media and the invisible Afghan war / Donald Matheson, 276