"This supplement to the 2019 Global Annual Results Reports highlights achievements over the past year which illustrate concrete ways in which C4D approaches strengthen UNICEF programming. The report also highlights challenges identified and immediate priorities to address them. C4D contributes to addressing the behavioural and often deep-rooted development challenges of a social and behavioural nature, ranging from stigma and discrimination that excludes access to services for vulnerable groups; myths and misconceptions that preclude adoption of key family practices (such as breastfeeding, immunization and menstrual hygiene); perceptions and expectations that hold harmful social norms in place; and empowerment of community networks to engage in participatory planning and monitoring. C4D is also a critical component of humanitarian responses, whether to address disease outbreaks, conflict or natural disasters, and UNICEF C4D is a recognized global lead for Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE). In both development and humanitarian contexts, C4D, with its focus on life-saving information, behaviour change, social norm transformation and community empowerment, prioritizes “people-centred development” which is the core aspiration of the SDGs. The C4D global theory of change (see Annex 1) identifies four main behavioural outcomes that contribute to programme achievements: increased demand for services; uptake of key family and community practices; adoption of positive social and behavioural norms; and engagement and empowerment of communities in both development and humanitarian contexts." (Executive summary, page 2-3)