"Strategic information operations – efforts by individuals or groups to shape public opinion using propaganda, rumors and facts – pose significant challenges to peacekeeping missions. These operations undermine trust, hinder communication with the public and complicate the implementation of peacekeeping mandates. Common approaches to addressing these operations have primarily viewed them as state-led, top-down activities and have focused on combating viral falsehoods through strategic communications. In this article, we offer an alternative conception of these operations as fundamentally embedded within broader peacekeeping assemblages, where they become ‘actants’ exerting influence on the broader peacekeeping system. Using a mixed-methods analysis of two strategic information operations targeting the UN Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA) on Facebook, we demonstrate that these operations are multi-directional and participatory, involving interactions among state actors, influencers and ordinary individuals. We also reflect on how concern over the impact of these operations has shaped peacekeeping self-image, resourcing and coalition-building, and argue for more reflection on these dynamics when designing counter-disinformation strategies." (Abstract)