Introduction to Digital Humanism: A Textbook
Deep Insights
Cham: Springer Nature (2024), 637 pp.
ISBN 978-3-031-45304-5 (ebook); 978-3-031-45303-8 (print)
"This open access textbook introduces and defines digital humanism from a diverse range of disciplines. Following the 2019 Vienna Manifesto, the book calls for a digital humanism that describes, analyzes, and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind, for a better society and life, fully respecting universal human rights. The book is organized in three parts: Part I “Background” provides the multidisciplinary background needed to understand digital humanism in its philosophical, cultural, technological, historical, social, and economic dimensions. The goal is to present the necessary knowledge upon which an effective interdisciplinary discourse on digital humanism can be founded. Part II “Digital Humanism – a System’s View” focuses on an in-depth presentation and discussion of the main digital humanism concerns arising in current digital systems. The goal of this part is to make readers aware and sensitive to these issues, including e.g. the control and autonomy of AI systems, privacy and security, and the role of governance. Part III “Critical and Societal Issues of Digital Systems” delves into critical societal issues raised by advances of digital technologies. While the public debate in the past has often focused on them separately, especially when they became visible through sensational events the aim here is to shed light on the entire landscape and show their interconnected relationships. This includes issues such as AI and ethics, fairness and bias, privacy and surveillance, platform power and democracy. This textbook is intended for students, teachers, and policy makers interested in digital humanism. It is designed for stand-alone and for complementary courses in computer science, or curricula in science, engineering, humanities and social sciences. Each chapter includes questions for students and an annotated reading list to dive deeper into the associated chapter material." (Publisher description)
PART I: BACKGROUND
Humanism and Enlightenment / Julian Nida-Rümelin and Dorothea Winter, 3
Philosophical Foundations of Digital Humanism / Julian Nida-Rümelin and Klaus Staudacher, 17
Evolution of Computing / James R. Larus, 31
The Digital Revolution in a Historical Perspective / Misha Glenny, 47
The Social Responsibilities of Scientists and Technologists in the Digital Age / Hans Akkermans, 65
Digital Transformation Through the Lens of Intersectional Gender Research Challenges and Needs for Action / Claude Draude, 83
No Digital Citizens Without Digital Humanism / Enrico Nardelli, 99
Digital Transformation, Digital Humanism: What Needs to Be Done / Hannes Werthner, 115
PART II: DIGITAL HUMANISM: A SYSTEM’S VIEW
A Short Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: Methods, Success Stories, and Current Limitations / Clemens Heitzinger and Stefan Woltran, 135
Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence: Comprehensible, Transparent and Correctable / Ute Schmid, 151
Are We in Control? / Edward A. Lee, 165
AI @ Work: Human Empowerment or Disempowerment? / Sabine T. Koeszegi, 175
The Re-enchanted Universe of AI: The Place for Human Agency / Helga Nowotny, 197
Aesthetic Aspects of Digital Humanism: An Aesthetic-Philosophical Analysis of Whether AI Can Create Art / Dorothea Winter, 211
Approaches to Ethical AI / Erich Prem, 225
Artificial Intelligence and Large-Scale Threats to Humanity / Guglielmo Tamburrini, 241
Promises and Perils in Moralizing Technologies / Viola Schiaffonati, 255
The Road Less Taken: Pathways to Ethical and Responsible Technologies / Susan Winter, 267
Bridging the Digital Divide / Anna Bon, Francis Saa-Dittoh, and Hans Akkermans, 283
Responsible Software Engineering: Requirements and Goals / Amel Bennaceur, Carlo Ghezzi, Jeff Kramer, and Bashar Nuseibeh, 299
Governance for Digital Humanism: The Role of Regulation, Standardization, and Certification / Clara Neppel and Patricia Shaw, 317
Value-Sensitive Software Design: Ethical Deliberation in Agile Development Processes / N. Zuber, J. Gogoll, S. Kacianka, J. Nida-Rümelin, and A. Pretschner, 339
Humans in the Loop: People at the Heart of Systems Development / Helen Sharp, 359
Resilience: The Key to Planetary and Societal Sustainability / Moshe Y. Vardi, 373
How Blockchain Technology Can Help to Arrive at Fair Ecosystems and Platforms / Jaap Gordijn, 383
Introduction to Security and Privacy / Edgar Weippl and Sebastian Schrittwieser, 397
PART III: CRITICAL AND SOCIETAL ISSUES OF DIGITAL SYSTEMS
Recommender Systems: Techniques, Effects, and Measures Toward Pluralism and Fairness / Peter Knees, Julia Neidhardt, and Irina Nalis, 417
Bias and the Web / Ricardo Baeza-Yates and Leena Murgai, 435
Copyright Enforcement on Social Media Platforms: Implications for Freedom of Expression in the Digital Public Sphere / Sunimal Mendis, 463
On Algorithmic Content Moderation / Erich Prem and Brigitte Krenn, 481
Democracy in the Digital Era / George Metakides, 495
Are Cryptocurrencies and Decentralized Finance Democratic? / Allison Stanger, 511
Platforms: Their Structure, Benefits, and Challenges / Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne, 523
Work in a New World / Daniel Samaan, 543
Digital Labor, Platforms, and AI / Luke Munn, 557
Sovereignty in the Digital Age / Paul Timmers, 571
The Threat of Surveillance and the Need for Privacy Protections / Martina Lindorfer, 593
Human Rights Alignment: The Challenge Ahead for AI Lawmakers / Marc Rotenberg, 611
European Approaches to the Regulation of Digital Technologies / Martin Müller and Matthias C. Kettemann, 623
Humanism and Enlightenment / Julian Nida-Rümelin and Dorothea Winter, 3
Philosophical Foundations of Digital Humanism / Julian Nida-Rümelin and Klaus Staudacher, 17
Evolution of Computing / James R. Larus, 31
The Digital Revolution in a Historical Perspective / Misha Glenny, 47
The Social Responsibilities of Scientists and Technologists in the Digital Age / Hans Akkermans, 65
Digital Transformation Through the Lens of Intersectional Gender Research Challenges and Needs for Action / Claude Draude, 83
No Digital Citizens Without Digital Humanism / Enrico Nardelli, 99
Digital Transformation, Digital Humanism: What Needs to Be Done / Hannes Werthner, 115
PART II: DIGITAL HUMANISM: A SYSTEM’S VIEW
A Short Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: Methods, Success Stories, and Current Limitations / Clemens Heitzinger and Stefan Woltran, 135
Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence: Comprehensible, Transparent and Correctable / Ute Schmid, 151
Are We in Control? / Edward A. Lee, 165
AI @ Work: Human Empowerment or Disempowerment? / Sabine T. Koeszegi, 175
The Re-enchanted Universe of AI: The Place for Human Agency / Helga Nowotny, 197
Aesthetic Aspects of Digital Humanism: An Aesthetic-Philosophical Analysis of Whether AI Can Create Art / Dorothea Winter, 211
Approaches to Ethical AI / Erich Prem, 225
Artificial Intelligence and Large-Scale Threats to Humanity / Guglielmo Tamburrini, 241
Promises and Perils in Moralizing Technologies / Viola Schiaffonati, 255
The Road Less Taken: Pathways to Ethical and Responsible Technologies / Susan Winter, 267
Bridging the Digital Divide / Anna Bon, Francis Saa-Dittoh, and Hans Akkermans, 283
Responsible Software Engineering: Requirements and Goals / Amel Bennaceur, Carlo Ghezzi, Jeff Kramer, and Bashar Nuseibeh, 299
Governance for Digital Humanism: The Role of Regulation, Standardization, and Certification / Clara Neppel and Patricia Shaw, 317
Value-Sensitive Software Design: Ethical Deliberation in Agile Development Processes / N. Zuber, J. Gogoll, S. Kacianka, J. Nida-Rümelin, and A. Pretschner, 339
Humans in the Loop: People at the Heart of Systems Development / Helen Sharp, 359
Resilience: The Key to Planetary and Societal Sustainability / Moshe Y. Vardi, 373
How Blockchain Technology Can Help to Arrive at Fair Ecosystems and Platforms / Jaap Gordijn, 383
Introduction to Security and Privacy / Edgar Weippl and Sebastian Schrittwieser, 397
PART III: CRITICAL AND SOCIETAL ISSUES OF DIGITAL SYSTEMS
Recommender Systems: Techniques, Effects, and Measures Toward Pluralism and Fairness / Peter Knees, Julia Neidhardt, and Irina Nalis, 417
Bias and the Web / Ricardo Baeza-Yates and Leena Murgai, 435
Copyright Enforcement on Social Media Platforms: Implications for Freedom of Expression in the Digital Public Sphere / Sunimal Mendis, 463
On Algorithmic Content Moderation / Erich Prem and Brigitte Krenn, 481
Democracy in the Digital Era / George Metakides, 495
Are Cryptocurrencies and Decentralized Finance Democratic? / Allison Stanger, 511
Platforms: Their Structure, Benefits, and Challenges / Geoffrey Parker and Marshall Van Alstyne, 523
Work in a New World / Daniel Samaan, 543
Digital Labor, Platforms, and AI / Luke Munn, 557
Sovereignty in the Digital Age / Paul Timmers, 571
The Threat of Surveillance and the Need for Privacy Protections / Martina Lindorfer, 593
Human Rights Alignment: The Challenge Ahead for AI Lawmakers / Marc Rotenberg, 611
European Approaches to the Regulation of Digital Technologies / Martin Müller and Matthias C. Kettemann, 623
