"As the boundaries between the physical and digital worlds continue to blur, particularly for children growing up in the digital age, online child sexual exploitation (OCSE) will continue to evolve and new forms emerge. Encouragingly, work is underway at national and international levels to prevent and respond to this global threat, but innovative and substantial actions are needed to keep up with this evolving problem. Legal frameworks must improve and approximate global consistency and regulation must make tech companies and Internet Service Providers accountable for action. Law enforcement must collaborate across jurisdictions, adopt sophisticated techniques and be properly equipped and funded. There is an urgent need to further boost and sustain collective action against OCSE at this moment in time. ECPAT International has identified in this paper five areas where progress can and must be made. Again, as this problem is not confined by borders, strategic partnerships with the involvement of an increasing number of global actors will be instrumental in making this happen. As a society, we have a duty and a responsibility to stop the demand underpinning OCSE and ensure the rights of children online and offline are fulfilled." (Conclusion, page 23)