The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance
New York: Routledge (2023), xxx, 522 pp.
Contains illustrations, index
Series: Routledge International Handbooks
ISBN 978-1-000-84673-7 (pdf); 978-1-032-10561-1 (pbk)
"The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance explores the concepts, methodologies, and implications of collective intelligence for democratic governance, in the first comprehensive survey of this field. Illustrated by a collection of inspiring case studies and edited by three pioneers in collective intelligence, this handbook serves as a unique primer on the science of collective intelligence applied to public challenges and will inspire public actors, academics, students, and activists across the world to apply collective intelligence in policymaking and administration to explore its potential, both to foster policy innovations and reinvent democracy." (Publisher description)
PART 1: FOUNDATIONS
1 A brief history of collective intelligence, democracy, and governance / Lex Paulson, 3
2 From the knowledge society to the collective intelligence society: Collective tacit knowledge and artificial intelligence for policymaking / Carina Antonia Hallin, 31
3 Smarter together? Collective intelligence and change in government / Stephen Boucher, 47
4 Collective intelligence and governance: Imagining government as a shared brain / Sir Geoff Mulgan, 70
5 Measuring the effect of collective intelligence processes that leverage participation and deliberation / Paolo Spada and Lex Paulson, 78
6 Key defining concepts: Collective intelligence, democracy, and governance / Stephen Boucher, Carina Antonia Hallin, Lex Paulson, Nino Javakhishvili-Larsen, and David Leal Garcia, 108
PART 2: REINVENTING DEMOCRACY: NEW MODES OF REPRESENTATION
Introduction / Lex Paulson, 143
7 Deliberative policymaking during COVID-19: The case of Taiwan / Helen K. Liu and Tze-Luen Lin, 153
8 Crowdsourcing a constitution: The world's first crowdsourced constitution rises from the ashes in Iceland / Elisa Lironi, 159
9 Collective creativity and political entrepreneurship: The Alternative in Denmark (or why failure is an option) / Stephen Boucher and Jeff van Luijk, with Uffe Elbaek, 166
10 How to facilitate the convergence of conflicting constellations of interests: Germany's "Agora Energiewende" / Lars Grotewold, 175
11 How collective political intelligence produced better policy: Political Task Committees in Gentofte, Denmark / Eva Sørensen and Jacob Torfing, 181
12 From shouting matches to argument maps: An online deliberation experiment in Italy / Mark Klein, Paolo Spada, and Lex Paulson, 190
13 Achieving parity with human moderators: A self-moderating platform for online deliberation / Lodewijk Gelauff, Liubov Nikolenko, Sukolsak Sakshuwong, James Fishkin, Ashish Goel, Kamesh Munagala, and Alice Siu, 202
14 When bottom-up and top-down meet: The ADDIS process and the co-creation of the Nigeria Startup Bill / Jon Stever, 222
PART 3: ELICITING CITIZEN KNOWLEDGE FOR COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE AS A PUBLIC GOOD
Introduction / Carina Antonia Hallin, 235
15 Reinventing local government through collective intelligence and artificial intelligence: How a Danish municipality harnesses citizen insights / Carina Antonia Hallin and Naima Lipka, 245
16 Slowing down to better tackle a region's challenges: Lessons from Co-Intelligence Wallonia / Pierre Portevin, 250
17 Turning problem makers into creative problem solvers: How New York State creatively shifted the paradigm from managing troubled kids to engaging them / Tim Switalski, 257
18 Tacit knowledge speaks the language of story: Morocco's Commission spéciale sur le modèle de développement / Lex Paulson and Marwane Fachane, 264
PART 4: REINVENTING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: NEW MODES OF COLLABORATION
Introduction / Stephen Boucher, 277
19 Challenging received wisdom and spreading innovation: Lessons from the Youth Justice Board / Stephen Boucher and Jonathan Oates, 289
20 Hearing the marginalized: The jan sunwai in India / Stéphanie Tawa Lama, 296
21 Creating collaborative young communities through school participatory budgeting / Ankitha Cheerakathil, 302
22 Dreaming, remembering, scaling, and innovating boldly: How a small French town initiated a journey towards "Zero unemployment" / Stephen Boucher, 306
23 Public challenges to kindle innovation: How one telegram forever changed public policy in Australia / Luis Lafosse, 313
24 Creating a "voice" of collective change through simple mobile phones / Aaditeshwar Seth, 320
25 Collective intelligence and digital participatory platforms: Learnings from Barcelona's Decidim / David Leal García, Antonio Calleja-López, and Juan Linares-Lanzman, 326
PART 5: SOCIAL INNOVATION AND BOTTOM-UP POWER
Introduction / Lex Paulson, 339
26 Smarter mediation, better dialogue: Lessons from a Swedish protest for local healthcare / Bernard Le Roux, 347
27 Conflict resolution and community change: "An eagle watches over us" / David Baum, 354
28 To transform the community, change the story: The Fab City Global Initiative / Mary-Alice Arthur, 363
29 Scaling personal initiatives into collective action: The citizen powerhouse of Sager der Samler in Aarhus, Denmark / Paul Natorp, 369
30 Pioneering Asia Pacific's first community-driven investment process through blockchain: Impact Collective / Charlotte Arribe, Stephanie Arrowsmith, Songyi Lee, and Eunielle Yi, 375
PART 6: REIMAGINING INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE
Introduction / Stephen Boucher, 385
31 Unlocking the collaborative potential of national parliaments: The Open European Dialogue / Verena Ringler and Chiara Rosselli, 395
32 Crowd forecasting infectious disease outbreaks / Emile Servan-Schreiber and Camille Larmanou, 401
33 Mobilizing collective intelligence and diversity toward Sustainable Development Goals: From global innovation labs to collective intelligence assemblies for sustainable development / Catherine Jacquet and Mamello Thinyane, 407
34 Bridging science and diplomacy to build a universal agreement on the science of climate change: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Kari De Pryck, 415
35 Nurturing the right context for fruitful dialogue: The case of Helmut Kohl's "gastrosophy" / Knut Bergmann, 421
36 Thinking ahead collectively: The case of African Digital Futures / Passy Amayo Ogolla and Julie Anne Jenson, 428
PART 7: COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND COLLECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS
Introduction / Carina Antonia Hallin, 439
37 Smarter crowdsourcing to tackle COVID-19: Beyond the open call / Anirudh Dinesh, 449
38 Mobilizing collective intelligence for adapting to climate change in the Arctic: The case of monitoring Svalbard's and Greenland's environment by expedition cruises / Gitte Kragh, Michael K. Poulsen, Lisbeth Iversen, Ted Cheeseman, and Finn Danielsen, 456
39 Using collective intelligence to assess the future with the Pandemic Supermind / Annalyn Bachmann, Adriana König, Robert Laubacher, and David Kong, 466
40 Using political bots and artificial intelligence to facilitate the interaction between citizens and lawmakers / Cristiano Ferri Soares de Faria, 473
41 Turning organizations into innovation ecosystems: The Hexagon of Public Innovation model / Raúl Oliván and Pilar Balet, 482
42 Co-initiating, sensing, presencing, creating, and shaping: How the Scottish government applied Theory U for collective leadership against COVID-19 / Keira Oliver and Karen Lawson, 493
CLOSING THOUGHTS
Concluding dialogue: Collective intelligence and democracy, today and tomorrow / Lex Paulson with Oumar Ba, Helen Liu, Cristiano Ferri Faria and Ksana Nechyporenko, 501
1 A brief history of collective intelligence, democracy, and governance / Lex Paulson, 3
2 From the knowledge society to the collective intelligence society: Collective tacit knowledge and artificial intelligence for policymaking / Carina Antonia Hallin, 31
3 Smarter together? Collective intelligence and change in government / Stephen Boucher, 47
4 Collective intelligence and governance: Imagining government as a shared brain / Sir Geoff Mulgan, 70
5 Measuring the effect of collective intelligence processes that leverage participation and deliberation / Paolo Spada and Lex Paulson, 78
6 Key defining concepts: Collective intelligence, democracy, and governance / Stephen Boucher, Carina Antonia Hallin, Lex Paulson, Nino Javakhishvili-Larsen, and David Leal Garcia, 108
PART 2: REINVENTING DEMOCRACY: NEW MODES OF REPRESENTATION
Introduction / Lex Paulson, 143
7 Deliberative policymaking during COVID-19: The case of Taiwan / Helen K. Liu and Tze-Luen Lin, 153
8 Crowdsourcing a constitution: The world's first crowdsourced constitution rises from the ashes in Iceland / Elisa Lironi, 159
9 Collective creativity and political entrepreneurship: The Alternative in Denmark (or why failure is an option) / Stephen Boucher and Jeff van Luijk, with Uffe Elbaek, 166
10 How to facilitate the convergence of conflicting constellations of interests: Germany's "Agora Energiewende" / Lars Grotewold, 175
11 How collective political intelligence produced better policy: Political Task Committees in Gentofte, Denmark / Eva Sørensen and Jacob Torfing, 181
12 From shouting matches to argument maps: An online deliberation experiment in Italy / Mark Klein, Paolo Spada, and Lex Paulson, 190
13 Achieving parity with human moderators: A self-moderating platform for online deliberation / Lodewijk Gelauff, Liubov Nikolenko, Sukolsak Sakshuwong, James Fishkin, Ashish Goel, Kamesh Munagala, and Alice Siu, 202
14 When bottom-up and top-down meet: The ADDIS process and the co-creation of the Nigeria Startup Bill / Jon Stever, 222
PART 3: ELICITING CITIZEN KNOWLEDGE FOR COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE AS A PUBLIC GOOD
Introduction / Carina Antonia Hallin, 235
15 Reinventing local government through collective intelligence and artificial intelligence: How a Danish municipality harnesses citizen insights / Carina Antonia Hallin and Naima Lipka, 245
16 Slowing down to better tackle a region's challenges: Lessons from Co-Intelligence Wallonia / Pierre Portevin, 250
17 Turning problem makers into creative problem solvers: How New York State creatively shifted the paradigm from managing troubled kids to engaging them / Tim Switalski, 257
18 Tacit knowledge speaks the language of story: Morocco's Commission spéciale sur le modèle de développement / Lex Paulson and Marwane Fachane, 264
PART 4: REINVENTING PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: NEW MODES OF COLLABORATION
Introduction / Stephen Boucher, 277
19 Challenging received wisdom and spreading innovation: Lessons from the Youth Justice Board / Stephen Boucher and Jonathan Oates, 289
20 Hearing the marginalized: The jan sunwai in India / Stéphanie Tawa Lama, 296
21 Creating collaborative young communities through school participatory budgeting / Ankitha Cheerakathil, 302
22 Dreaming, remembering, scaling, and innovating boldly: How a small French town initiated a journey towards "Zero unemployment" / Stephen Boucher, 306
23 Public challenges to kindle innovation: How one telegram forever changed public policy in Australia / Luis Lafosse, 313
24 Creating a "voice" of collective change through simple mobile phones / Aaditeshwar Seth, 320
25 Collective intelligence and digital participatory platforms: Learnings from Barcelona's Decidim / David Leal García, Antonio Calleja-López, and Juan Linares-Lanzman, 326
PART 5: SOCIAL INNOVATION AND BOTTOM-UP POWER
Introduction / Lex Paulson, 339
26 Smarter mediation, better dialogue: Lessons from a Swedish protest for local healthcare / Bernard Le Roux, 347
27 Conflict resolution and community change: "An eagle watches over us" / David Baum, 354
28 To transform the community, change the story: The Fab City Global Initiative / Mary-Alice Arthur, 363
29 Scaling personal initiatives into collective action: The citizen powerhouse of Sager der Samler in Aarhus, Denmark / Paul Natorp, 369
30 Pioneering Asia Pacific's first community-driven investment process through blockchain: Impact Collective / Charlotte Arribe, Stephanie Arrowsmith, Songyi Lee, and Eunielle Yi, 375
PART 6: REIMAGINING INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE
Introduction / Stephen Boucher, 385
31 Unlocking the collaborative potential of national parliaments: The Open European Dialogue / Verena Ringler and Chiara Rosselli, 395
32 Crowd forecasting infectious disease outbreaks / Emile Servan-Schreiber and Camille Larmanou, 401
33 Mobilizing collective intelligence and diversity toward Sustainable Development Goals: From global innovation labs to collective intelligence assemblies for sustainable development / Catherine Jacquet and Mamello Thinyane, 407
34 Bridging science and diplomacy to build a universal agreement on the science of climate change: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Kari De Pryck, 415
35 Nurturing the right context for fruitful dialogue: The case of Helmut Kohl's "gastrosophy" / Knut Bergmann, 421
36 Thinking ahead collectively: The case of African Digital Futures / Passy Amayo Ogolla and Julie Anne Jenson, 428
PART 7: COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND COLLECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS
Introduction / Carina Antonia Hallin, 439
37 Smarter crowdsourcing to tackle COVID-19: Beyond the open call / Anirudh Dinesh, 449
38 Mobilizing collective intelligence for adapting to climate change in the Arctic: The case of monitoring Svalbard's and Greenland's environment by expedition cruises / Gitte Kragh, Michael K. Poulsen, Lisbeth Iversen, Ted Cheeseman, and Finn Danielsen, 456
39 Using collective intelligence to assess the future with the Pandemic Supermind / Annalyn Bachmann, Adriana König, Robert Laubacher, and David Kong, 466
40 Using political bots and artificial intelligence to facilitate the interaction between citizens and lawmakers / Cristiano Ferri Soares de Faria, 473
41 Turning organizations into innovation ecosystems: The Hexagon of Public Innovation model / Raúl Oliván and Pilar Balet, 482
42 Co-initiating, sensing, presencing, creating, and shaping: How the Scottish government applied Theory U for collective leadership against COVID-19 / Keira Oliver and Karen Lawson, 493
CLOSING THOUGHTS
Concluding dialogue: Collective intelligence and democracy, today and tomorrow / Lex Paulson with Oumar Ba, Helen Liu, Cristiano Ferri Faria and Ksana Nechyporenko, 501
