"This textbook offers an accessible introduction to the historical, technical, and strategic context of global cyber conflict. The second edition has been revised and updated throughout, with three new chapters. Cyber warfare involves issues of doctrine, strategy, policy, international relations (IR) and operational practice associated with computer network attack, computer network exploitation and computer network defense. However, it is conducted within complex sociopolitical settings alongside related forms of digital contestation. This book provides students with a comprehensive perspective on the technical, strategic and policy issues associated with cyber conflict, as well as an introduction to key state and non-state actors." (Publisher description)
1 Introduction, 1
2 The technological foundations of insecurity in the digital age, 10
3 Cyberspace and international relations, 36
4 Exploitation: from signals intelligence to cyber warriors, 61
5 Attack: from exploitation to offensive cyber operations, 80
6 A brief history of major cyber conflict episodes, 97
7 States at cyberwar: the dynamics of interstate cyber interactions, 115
8 Cyber conflict as “not war”, 149
9 Non-state actors: terrorism, subversion, and activism online, 169
10 National experiences with cyber-security: realization and institutional development, 204
11 Norms, ethics, and international law for offensive cyber operations, 245
12 The future of cyber conflict, 272