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United by Challenge: Regional Opportunities to Drive Media Reform in Southeast Europe
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021)
"Southeast Europe’s strong tradition of regional cooperation for media reform can be leveraged to address the renewed threats independent media face. Countries in the region have shared cultural and trade ties, common media markets, and face similar threats to a free and independent press. They al
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Youth and the News in Five Charts
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021)
"In the rapidly changing news ecosystems of emerging economies, news outlets are struggling to remain relevant and build loyal relationships with youth audiences (18 to 35 years old). As youth populations continue to grow in low-and-middle income countries, it is critical for independent media organ
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Tipping Point: Democratic Erosion and the Assault on Press Freedom
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021), 24 pp.
"The majority of people now live under illiberal regimes or some form of autocracy as a consequence of democratic declines occurring globally since 2010. Understanding the driving forces behind this historic setback to democratic progress will be essential for turning the tide. An analysis of media
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The Untapped Potential of Regional Cooperation for Media Reform in Southern Africa
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021), 32 pp.
"The 1991 adoption of the Windhoek Declaration in Namibia ushered in a continent-wide commitment to supporting independent media in Africa. Despite initial progress, including the establishment of the regional Media Institute for Southern Africa (MISA), independent media in the region continues to s
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Spyware: An Unregulated and Escalating Threat to Independent Media
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021), 20 pp.
"Spyware is increasingly used by governments around the world to silence independent media. The use of spyware poses safety risks to journalists and their sources, encourages self-censorship, and creates new financial and operational strains for news outlets. Media advocates, news outlets, and polic
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Local Radio Stations in Africa: Sustainability or Pragmatic Viability?
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020), 28 pp.
"Radio stations across Africa are facing unprecedented threats to their sustainability due to weak media markets, limited advertising revenue and intense competition. A more pragmatic understanding of viability and more flexible donor strategies can help these outlets stay on air and maintain their
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Are Punchlines the New Front Lines of Media Development?
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020)
"Satirical comedy is uniquely effective in its ability to bolster media development objectives. Through its ability to attract audiences and provide news commentary in an entertaining way, it can be used as an important tool to promote freedom of expression, foster accountability and transparency, c
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The Rise of Internet Throttling: A Hidden Threat to Media Development
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020)
"An increasing number of governments around the world are forcing internet service providers to slow their services during critical sociopolitical junctures—a practice known as throttling—infringing on citizens’ right to information and freedom of expression. Despite its deleterious impact on
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The Wisdom of the Crowd: Promoting Media Development Through Deliberative Initiatives
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020), 28 pp.
"An innovative new set of citizen engagement practices—collectively known as deliberative democracy—offers important lessons that, when applied to the media development efforts, can help improve media assistance efforts and strengthen independent media environments around the world [...] Through
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Building Regional Strategies for Media Development in the Middle East and North Africa
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020), 28 pp.
"Experts from 13 countries in the Middle East and North Africa agreed on the priorities that could provide the basis for greater collective action to defend independent media in the region. This report provides a summary of those deliberations [...] Building on and strengthening cross-country networ
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Supporting Media at a Time of Crisis: Donors Explore New Strategies
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020)
"Based on 27 interviews with representatives of both private and official donor agencies, it examines the major obstacles and stumbling blocks that will have to be avoided if global support to the media sector is increased. The institutional impediments to eective aid, the report nds, are frequently
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Strengthening the United Nations’ Role in Media Development
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019)
"This report examines the myriad ways that the agencies and bodies of the United Nations support the development of healthy media systems. Author Bill Orme highlights the role of four UN organizations in particular—UNESCO, UNDP, UNICEF, and DPO—and makes recommendations targeted to these agencie
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Confronting the Crisis in Independent Media: A Role for International Assistance
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019), 25 pp.
"With independent media around the world in crisis, what is the role of international donors and private foundations? And how can these international actors provide effective support when the driving forces behind independent media’s decline—simultaneously technological, financial, social, polit
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Media Development and the Open Government Partnership: Can Improved Policy Dialogue Spur Media Reforms?
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019)
"The global effort to promote open and transparent government creates new opportunities to put media development on the political agenda of countries around the world. This report looks in particular at the structures of the Open Government Partnership (OGP), which in its 2016 Paris Declaration char
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Big Data, Not Big Brother: New Data Protection Laws and the Implications for Independent Media Around the World
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019), 28 pp.
"A year after a new wave of data protection regulations such as the European Union’s GDPR have come into effect, the websites of media outlets continue collecting great volumes of personal information—but often unintentionally, and typically for other parties. That so many media institutions hav
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Mapping Digital Disinformation Around Elections: A Case Study of Pakistan’s 2018 General Elections
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019)
"The 2018 general election represented one of the first times digital disinformation occurred on a massive scale in Pakistan. This report examines different forms of disinformation that circulated online in the lead up to the 2018 elections and its impact on the country’s political discourse, and
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How Social Media Taxes Can Burden News Outlets: The Case of Uganda
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019)
"In July 2018, the government of Uganda implemented a tax on individual users of social media platforms. In the first three months following the introduction of the tax in the country, internet penetration dropped from 47 percent to 35 percent. Given that a significant amount of news circulation now
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A Regional Approach to Media Development in West Africa: Recommendations from a Consultative Process
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019), 21 pp.
"West Africa sits at a critical juncture that will determine whether the coming years are spent defending against reversals in media freedom and pluralism, or moving forward toward new and lasting progress. In this context, the Media Foundation for West Africa consulted stakeholders from all 16 coun
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China’s New Media Dilemma: The Profit in Online Dissent
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2019), 24 pp.
"Drawing from often overlooked sources of evidence, this report shows that China’s homegrown social media platforms have responded to market incentives by subtly shielding users from certain forms of online censorship and repression. Meanwhile, the party confronts rising costs—both economicall
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Media Pluralism, Public Trust, and Democracy: New Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018), 25 pp.
"There has been a decline in trust in the media in the LAC region. While in 2004 nearly two-thirds of individuals reported having high trust in the media, this result dropped to only half of individuals in 2016/17. Individuals who perceive the media as representative of different viewpoints or who h
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