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Access to Internet & Digital Communications
57
Digital Inclusion
37
E-Governance, E-Democracy
21
Telecommunication Infrastructure
21
Electronic Commerce
20
Digital Media Markets
19
ICT Development Assistance
19
Digital Economies & Markets
19
ICT Industries & Markets
17
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
16
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
15
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
14
Mobile Phone Use
11
Gender and ICTs / Internet
11
ICTs and Development
11
Information Society
9
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
8
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
7
ICT Policies
6
Internet & ICTs in Rural Areas
6
Inequalities
6
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
5
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
5
Digital & Information Literacy
5
Educational Use of ICTs / Internet
5
ICT Indicators
5
Access to Media & Information: Disadvantaged Groups and Minorities
4
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
4
Mobile Phone Use: Women
4
Communication Rights
4
Internet
4
ICTs and Poverty Reduction
4
International Communication
4
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
4
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
4
Media Use: Urban Populations
3
Culture and Communication, Culture and Media
3
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
3
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
3
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
3
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
3
Online Learning, E-Learning
3
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
3
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
3
Open Source Software
3
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
3
Advocacy & Empowerment: Girls
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
2
Geography
2
Maps
2
Digital & Social Media Use: Children
2
Health Information Access & Use
2
Media Use: Lower Classes & Poor Population
2
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
2
Freedom of Expression
2
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
2
Community Telecommunication Networks
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Millenium Development Goals (MDG)
2
Development Communication Theories
2
Digital Criticism
2
Digital Healthcare & Information, Mobile Health, E-Health, Telemedicine
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
2
Internet and Development
2
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
2
Mobile Phone Markets
2
ICT Regulation
2
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
2
Political Economy of Media
2
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
2
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
2
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
2
Feminism & Communication
2
Gender Discrimination, Gender Inequalities
2
Health Communication
2
HIV / AIDS Communication
2
Indigenous Languages
2
Globalisation of Media
2
Linguistic Diversity: Internet & Digital Media
2
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
2
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
2
Public Spheres
2
Lower Classes
2
Remote Work, Teleworking, Working from Home
2
Suburbs, Poor Districts, Slums, Shanty Towns
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Media & Information: Indigenous Populations
1
Access to Media & Information: Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas
1
Information Gaps
1
Advocacy
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
1
Empowerment
1
Geographical Information Systems
1
Audiences & Users
1
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
1
Elderly People: Internet & Social Media Use
1
Information Use & Consumption
1
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
1
Mobile Phone Use: Youth
1
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
1
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
1
Children & Digital Media
1
Educational Comics & Comics for Development
1
Girls and Media
1
Christian Communication Ethics, Christian Media Ethics
1
Intellectual Property
1
Digital Rights Management
1
Plagiarism
1
Media / Communication Control
1
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Community Media
1
Community Reporters, Media Volunteers
1
Participatory Communication
1
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Arts
1
Theatre for Development
1
Cultural Pluralism
1
Culture (General)
1
Culture and Development
1
Digital Cultures
1
Hybrid Cultures, Hybridization
1
Corporate Donors
1
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
1
ICT / Internet Projects (Development Aid)
1
Free Basics (Facebook Internet Access Programme)
1
Information Technology for Asian Cooperatives IT@COOPS ( ICT Project)
1
One Laptop per Child (ICT Development Programme)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Development Theories
1
North South Relations
1
Regional Cooperation, South-South Collaboration
1
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
1
Social Change & Media / Communication
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Convergence of Media
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
1
Digital Media, Internet & Religion
1
Digital Skills, Digital Production Skills
1
Internet and Society / Social Change
1
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
1
Digital Financial Services, Mobile Banking, Mobile Payphone Business
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Social Media in Political Communication
1
Online Radio, Internet Radio, Radio Streaming
1
Online News
1
Facebook
1
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
1
AI & Social Justice
1
Ecological Footprint & Sustainability of Digitalization, E-Waste & Recycling
1
ICT4D Research
1
ICT Financing
1
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
1
Diaspora Media
1
Media Assistance: Minority Media
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Romani People
1
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
1
Media Industries
1
Prices
1
Economy
1
Economic Conditions
1
Small Enterprises, Micro Businesses, Small & Medium Enterprises (SME)
1
Education and Communication / Media
1
Open Educational Resources (OER)
1
Open, Distance and Digital Education (ODDE)
1
Primary Education
1
Gaming, Video Games
1
Environmental Communication
1
Communication for Sustainable Development
1
Contamination, Pollution
1
Environmental Protection
1
Sustainable Development
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Feminist Media
1
Gender Media Studies & Feminist Communication Research
1
Sexuality
1
Indigenous Communication
1
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
1
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
1
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
1
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Glocalization of Media
1
United Nations (UN)
1
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
1
News
1
Local News
1
Election Reporting
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
1
Media & Communication Policies
1
Digital Literacy: Youth
1
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
1
Human Rights
1
Design Thinking
1
Female Migrants / Migration
1
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
1
Refugees / Displaced People
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
1
People with Disabilities: Tailored ICT & Media Products
1
Capitalism
1
Populism
1
Politics and Media
1
Media Effects
1
Communication & Media Indicators
1
Human Development Index (HDI)
1
Civil Society
1
Networks & Networking
1
Social Change
1
Social Classes
1
Alternative Technologies
1
Digital Switchover
1
Digital Television
1
Satellite Communication & Information Services
1
GIS, Geospatial Services
1
Software
1
Internet Bandwith, Broadband & Backbone Networks
1
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
1
Telephone
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
1
Urban Areas
1
Youth and Media
1
Youth & Digital Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"The Zambia Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment report outlines the key aspects of the country's digital ecosystem and provides recommendations for the international development community to create a more inclusive, safe, and enabling environment to achieve development outcomes." (https://www.usaid ... more
"Key findings include: 1. Peru’s digital ecosystem is one of many contrasts. There have been sustained advances over the last 30 years in connectivity, digital literacy, digital rights, digital government, and the digital economy; 2. Challenges in digital policy implementation and coordination cap ... more
"Key findings include: Moldova is home to a competitive telecommunications market, affordable internet, and well developed internet infrastructure, much of which has been achieved over the last 10 years; cybersecurity implementation and capacity have not kept pace with policy development. The govern ... more
"Key findings include: Connectivity infrastructure is fairly well developed in coastal urban areas but lags behind in Libya’s sparsely populated southern region; COVID-19 has accelerated the adoption of digital tools and services across sectors; however, Libyans are reluctant to adopt new tools du ... more
"The Eastern and Southern Caribbean (ESC) Regional Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA) report presents the findings and recommendations of the DECA, covering 11 ESC countries: Antigua & Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent & the Grenad ... more
"Key findings: Overcoming the digital divides between men and women and urban and rural populations requires long-term planning and resource commitments that include broad stakeholder engagement and coordination [...] The public’s appetite for online content is growing, but accessible, diverse, hi ... more
"This article addresses the multifaceted and far-reaching implications of digital inequality (DI), drawing upon emerging trends and examples. The aim is to sensitize policymakers, practitioners, and academics to issues surrounding DI and foster a common and deeper understanding among relevant stakeh ... more
"The testimonies of caminantes [migrants and refugees travelling primarily by foot] interviewed for this study highlight the significant limitations of social media as a tool for inclusion among populations on the move in Venezuela and Colombia. It is important to note that caminantes are an acutely ... more
"Today's urban environments are layered with data and algorithms that fundamentally shape how we perceive and move through space. But are our digitally dense environments continuing to amplify inequalities rather than alleviate them? This book looks at the key contours of information inequality, and ... more
"Afrobarometer finds that most Africans own a mobile phone and have access to a mobile phone network. However, fewer than half own a mobile phone with Internet access, and even fewer have access to a computer. This translates to low levels of Internet use in many countries. Lack of Internet access a ... more
"This guide was created to drive conversations within technology entities to reconsider and reconceptualize how they approach inclusive design practices. Historically, inclusion has been a “nice-to-have” add-on within digital platforms, and as such, discriminates against and excludes a large pro ... more

Digital Justice: A Study and Action Guide

Toronto; Geneva: World Association for Christian Communication (WACC);World Council of Churches (WCC) (2022), 51 pp.
"This compact, accessible guide unpacks a number of key digital justice issues and looks at how digital communication impacts marginalized peoples and groups. Case studies, facts and figures, discussion questions, and suggested readings offer tools for reflection and action. For use by individuals o ... more

Handbook of Digital Inequality

Cheltenham; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing (2022), xii, 386 pp.
"International contributors assess a variety of key contexts that impact access to digital technologies, including contextual variations related to geography and infrastructure, as well as individual differences related to age, income, health and disability status. Chapters explore how variations em ... more
"Focusing on the internet as a foundational technology, this paper begins by summarising recent developments in digital inclusion theory, particularly as this relates to developing countries. It sets out a framework of core components of digital inclusion - including access/use, quality of access/us ... more
"This is the final report in Pollicy's three-part series on African Women in AI. Launched in 2021, this project frames analysis of the state of artificial intelligence (AI) in Africa through a gender lens by exploring the impact of AI on women. This project emerged out of the need to fill the visibl ... more

Quality and Equity in Digital Learning: Policy Brief

Burnaby, BC: Commonwealth of Learning (COL) (2021), 15 pp.
"High-quality digital learning offers potential economic and social advantages but also could easily lead to a widening gap between economically advanced and low-income countries. Within countries without suitable policy, it could also generate increasing inequity between the rich, who can afford th ... more

The Costs of Exclusion: Economic Consequences of the Digital Gender Gap

Washington, DC: Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI);World Wide Web Foundation (2021), 22 pp.
"Governments are missing out on hundreds of billions of dollars because of the digital gender gap. Closing this gap in the next five years gives policy makers a $524 billion USD opportunity. Across the world, millions of people are still unable to access the internet and participate online — and w ... more

Inequality in Access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in East and North-East Asia and South-East Asia

Bangkok: United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) (2021), 27 pp.
"El 66,8% de la población de 6 y más años de edad del país accede a Internet. Respecto a similar trimestre de 2020, se observa un aumento de 6,5 puntos porcentuales al pasar de 60,3% a 66,8%. Por área de residencia, en Lima Metropolitana la población usuaria de Internet significó el 80,9%, en ... more