"Der Band gibt eine fundierte, knappe und anschauliche Einführung in die theoretischen Grundlagen, methodischen Zugänge, empirischen Befunde und gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhänge der Wissenskluftforschung. Diese geht von wachsenden Wissensdifferenzen zwischen statushöheren und -niedrigeren Gruppi
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erungen infolge der medialen Informationsverbreitung aus und erfährt aktuell mit der auf das Internet bezogenen Digital-Divide-Forschung eine Ausweitung." (Buchrückseite)
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"A primeira edição da “Pesquisa Brasileira de Mídia” traz um retrato representativo e preciso sobre o uso que os brasileiros declaram fazer, atualmente, dos meios de comunicação social. Continua sendo predominante a presença da TV nos lares do País, apesar do rápido crescimento da intern
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et. Nada menos que 97% dos entrevistados afirmaram ver TV, um hábito que une praticamente todos os brasileiros, com independência de gênero, idade, renda, nível educacional ou localização geográfica. A internet e o rádio são meios de comunicação também muito presentes na vida das pessoas, ainda que em menor grau: 61% têm o costume de ouvir rádio e 47% têm o hábito de acessar a internet. Já a leitura de jornais e revistas impressos é menos frequente e alcança, respectivamente, 25% e 15% dos entrevistados." (Pág. 7)
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"Our research indicates that today, there are more than 135 million individuals using the Internet in the 22 Arab countries. This is coupled with a mobile penetration rate of around 110 percent on a regional level; and more than 71 million active users of social networking technologies." (Page 1)
"Over five years Facebook has grown from practically no users in Sub-Saharan Africa to become the most widely used social media platform. In the four countries where face-to-face surveys were carried out for this research, between 14% (Tanzania) and 27% (Ghana) of all respondents were using it [...]
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Over the last five years, the number of Africans who own or have access to mobile phones, computers, laptops, smartphones and tablets has grown considerably. These both act as media carriers (a mobile with a radio or TV receiver) or a media in their own right (a mobile accessing the Internet and Social Media). African newspapers face the same dilemma as many developed country newspapers. Their print version generates almost all of their revenues but increasingly their online users are either close to or above their print readership." (Page 8)
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"Mobile ownership in all of the four surveys [in Ghana, Nothern Nigeria, Senegal and Tanzania] was around 90%, making the mobile phone the most widely owned device media device, both used as a media carrier (radio) and a media in its own right (Internet, SMS) [...] Radio remains the dominant medium
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for obtaining news and information and only in Ghana (where electricity access is wider) does TV come close to the percentage of those listening to radio. In each of the countries examined, the media has been liberalized and the radio and TV audiences are fragmented so that only a relatively small number of players reach over 25% of the audience [...] As the continent’s most owned device, the mobile phone is used most regularly for: voice calls; radio; SMS; Internet and Social Media. Between a fifth and a third of all those surveyed used the Internet on a daily basis [...] Between 14-27% of all those surveyed used social media and the dominant platform is Facebook [...] Radio and TV channels scored most highly in terms of those surveyed trusting the health information they heard on saw on them. The level of trust in these channels in Senegal was significantly lower than in the other countries." (Summary, page 5-9)
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"TV is the main information platform by far, but the importance of individual channels varies by region and modes of access. Population is divided between those with access to non-State TV and those without. While most express generic satisfaction with media, actual opinions about specific channels
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vary. At the national level, the impact of digital media remains modest, and electronic data sharing is still a niche phenomenon. There is a huge gender disparity regarding access to Internet and mobile." (Conclusions, page 43)
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"In recent years, cyberculture has informally reported a phenomenon named the 1% rule, or 90-9-1 principle, which seeks to explain participatory patterns and network effects within Internet communities. The rule states that 90% of actors observe and do not participate, 9% contribute sparingly, and 1
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% of actors create the vast majority of new content. This 90%, 9%, and 1% are also known as Lurkers, Contributors, and Superusers, respectively [...] Our goal was to determine if the 1% rule applies to moderated Digital Health Social Networks (DHSNs) designed to facilitate behavior change. Methods: To help gain insight into participatory patterns, descriptive data were extracted from four long-standing DHSNs: the AlcoholHelpCenter, DepressionCenter, PanicCenter, and StopSmokingCenter sites. During the study period, 63,990 actors created 578,349 posts. Less than 25% of actors made one or more posts. The applicability of the 1% rule was confirmed as Lurkers, Contributors, and Superusers accounted for a weighted average of 1.3% (n=4668), 24.0% (n=88,732), and 74.7% (n=276,034) of content. Conclusions: The 1% rule was consistent across the four DHSNs. As social network sustainability requires fresh content and timely interactions, these results are important for organizations actively promoting and managing Internet communities. Superusers generate the vast majority of traffic and create value, so their recruitment and retention is imperative for long-term success. Although Lurkers may benefit from observing interactions between Superusers and Contributors, they generate limited or no network value. The results of this study indicate that DHSNs may be optimized to produce network effects, positive externalities, and bandwagon effects."
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"The use of smartphones and tablets has jumped significantly in the past year, with fewer people using their computers for news. More than a third of online news users across all countries (39%) use two or more digital devices each week for news and a fifth (20%) now say their mobile phone is their
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primary access point. The number of people paying for digital news has remained stable over the past 12 months, although we have seen a significant switch to more valuable ongoing digital subscription in most countries. Our new (and unique) social media index for news shows Facebook is by far the most important network for news everywhere. Although Twitter is widely used in the US, Spain, and the UK, it is far less influential in many other European countries. Google+ is emerging as increasingly important for news, along with messaging application WhatsApp. European respondents remain strongly committed to news that tries to be neutral (or impartial) but Americans are more interested in hearing from brands and reporters that are open about their own views and biases." (Key findings, page 8)
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"Nigeria is a complex country grappling with serious economic, political, and security challenges. New media are an increasingly effective pathway for reaching Nigerian audiences, especially those who are media rich. However, there remain media poor segments of the population who can only be reached
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through traditional media (if at all)." (Closing thoughts, slide 36)
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"Cambodia is a country on the cusp of rapid media change. TV and radio remain the top media and main sources of news. Apolitical newcomer Hang Meas is top source with tabloid news, entertainment. But new media is gaining, fueled by widespread mobile use: almost all households have a mobile phone; yo
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ung, educated and urban drive new media use. Internet numbers remain in low double digits, but growth is exponential: outside infrastructure investment increasing broadband mobile rapidly; those who use the Internet use it for broadband activities¡Xvideo, audio¡Xeven in the countryside. Facebook dominates social media and is the top online news source." (Key takeaways, slide 37)
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"This chapter reviews the diffusion, uses, and impacts of the Internet worldwide and over time. The World Internet Project has been intended to become the vehicle for tracking what happens as households and nations adopt and use the Internet. The study of the connection between the Internet and soci
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ety presents a window onto contemporary societies. The Internet mediates social changes and social relations. The age of users, the institutional context, and media culture determine the Internet use in a given country. The Internet has been more of a complement to the traditional media than a competitor, and displacement effects are hard to find and are not general or universal across countries. It is important to keep a vital perspective in comparative approaches, being mindful of the theory that differences verified between countries or continenta can lose much of their analytical relevance." (Abstract)
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"With essays on audiences in ancient Greece, early modern Germany, Soviet and post-Soviet Russia, Zimbabwe, contemporary Egypt, Bengali India, China, Taiwan, and immigrant diaspora in Belgium, each chapter examines the ways in which audiences are embedded in discourses of power, representation, and
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regulation in different yet overlapping ways according to specific socio-historical contexts." (Publisher description)
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"While radio is still in the lead for news consumption in Nigeria, the use of digital media and mobile continues to grow rapidly. The new research also reveals that Nigerian personal mobile phone ownership has increased significantly in 2014 to 83.0%, up from 73.1% in 2012. Mobile web is the leading
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means of accessing the Internet with 95.7% of those who accessed the Internet in the past week saying they did so using a mobile phone." (BBG website)
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"Turkish media market is highly sophisticated but media outlets are subject to severe political pressure. Young Turks are turning increasingly to the Internet and social media to compensate. Internet already rivals TV as key information source. Kurdish speakers use the same outlets as other Turks, b
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ut with addition of Kurdish language media. A communications strategy for Turkey's Kurds will depend on the goal, as knowledge of Turkish is virtually universal." (Page 42)
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