Filter
120
Featured
Free Access
95
Key Guidance
3
Top Insights
4
Topics
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
32
Social Media in Political Communication
21
Twitter & Microblogs
14
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
12
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
12
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
11
Election Campaigns
10
Facebook
10
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
9
Election Reporting
8
Digital Political Communication
7
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
6
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
6
WhatsApp
6
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
4
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
4
Election Monitoring
4
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
3
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
3
Freedom of Expression
3
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
3
Internet Shutdowns
3
Social Media
3
Political Communication
3
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
3
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
2
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
2
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
2
Participatory Communication
2
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
2
Algorithms & Big Data
2
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
2
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
2
Artificial Intelligence
2
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
2
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
2
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
2
Ethnicity in Communication
2
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
2
Governance
2
Politics and Media
2
Democracy / Democratization and Media
2
Public Spheres
2
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
2
Access to Media & Information
1
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
1
Posters
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
1
Audiences & Users
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
1
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
1
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
1
Pentecostal Churches
1
Censorship
1
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Countering Press Freedom Violations by Legal Actions
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Communication Strategies
1
Local Government Communication Strategies
1
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
1
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
1
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
1
Dealing With the Past
1
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
1
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
1
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Memes
1
National Development Planning
1
Good Governance
1
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
1
Communication for Social Change
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
1
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Digital & Social Media Effects
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Internet
1
Microtargeting
1
Political Blogging
1
Political Microtargeting
1
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
1
Gendered Disinformation
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Media Ownership
1
Political Economy of Media
1
Mobile Money Cash Transfer Programmes
1
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
1
Political Parody and Satire
1
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
1
Good Practice Examples
1
Health Communication
1
COVID-19 Communication
1
History of Media & Communication
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
1
Political Reporting
1
Kiswahili
1
Media Assistance: Youth Programmes & Media
1
Ushahidi (Crowdsourcing Mapping Software)
1
Media Law & Regulation
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Guerillas, Insurgent Groups, Revolutionary Movements
1
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
1
Polarization, Political Polarization
1
Anticommunism
1
Populism
1
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
1
Political Discourse
1
Political Marketing
1
Persuasive Communication
1
Manipulation
1
Religion and Politics
1
Human Security
1
Discrimination
1
Civil Society
1
Technologies: Impact Assessment
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Urban Communication, Urban Media
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Using Social Media to Strengthen the Political Participation of Young Women and Men in Nigeria
London: BBC Media Action (2021), 3 pp.
"The EU Support to Democratic Governance in Nigeria (EU SDGN) project funded by the EU employed a ‘social media first’ approach to strengthen the political knowledge, understanding, discussion and efficacy of young (18-24 years) women and men across all 36 states and FCT in Nigeria. High-impact
...
Disinformation and Fake News
Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan (2021), xii, 158 pp.
"While much has been said about individual disinformation campaigns in specific countries, this book offers a panoramic view of how these campaigns are conducted, who they target, and how they are spread. By bringing together research on specific countries and international data mined from questionn
...
Understanding Viral Communism: A Thematic Analysis of Twitter During Brazil’s 2018 Elections
Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, volume 15, issue 1 (2020), pp. 19-36
"This research performs a thematic analysis on tweets published during Brazil’s 2018 elections that mentioned communism. The idea was to identify the linkages to other underlying themes that emerged during what we saw as the Twitter ‘virality of communism’ and interpret them considering the ba
...
Mídia, desinformação e democracia: Como os meios de comunicação influenciam as eleições presidenciais no Brasil
Revista Observatório, volume 6, issue 6 (2020), 24 pp.
"Este artigo visa analisar a cobertura dos meios de comunicação brasileiros nas eleições presidenciais realizadas no país a partir da redemocratização, começando com a de 1989 e finalizando com a de 2018. O estudo tomou como base teórica reflexões sobre desinformação, manipulação, fake
...
The Media-Democracy Paradox in Ghana: Rethinking Political Communication in an African Context
Bristol: intellect (2020), 218 pp.
"This original new book researches into the praxis of this democracy and its media, delving into Ghana's evolvement, media practice, leadership aspirations, pressure group politics and ethnic and tribal cleavages. Written in accessible language it will provide valuable source material for readers in
...
Social Media and Elections in Africa. Vol. 1: Theoretical Perspectives and Election Campaigns
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan (2020), xv, 237 pp.
"This book brings together fresh evidence and new theoretical frameworks in a unique analysis of the increasing role of social media in political campaigns and electoral processes across Africa. Supported by contemporary and historical cases studies, it engages with the main drives behind the variou
...
Searching for a New Kenya: Politics and Social Media on the Streets of Mombasa
Cambridge: University of Cambridge (2020), xi, 270 pp.
"Searching for a New Kenya analyses public discussion in urban Kenya, focusing on the gatherings of citizens, both in-person and online, where people discuss issues of common concern to shed light on the role public discussion plays in politics and how social media affects political movements. Throu
...
WhatsApp Audios and the Remediation of Radio: Disinformation in Brazilian 2018 Presidential Election
Radio Journal: International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media, volume 18, issue 2 (2020), pp. 139-158
"This article brings the results of an investigation into the role of WhatsApp audio messages in the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections, proposing that instant voice messaging borrows elements from radio language. We started from a broader research, conducted by the Brazilian National Institute o
...
Participatory Media Cultures: Virality, Humour, and Online Political Contestations in Kenya
Africa Spectrum, volume 55, issue 2 (2020), pp. 148-169
"The article seeks to discuss varied forms of citizen engagement in the era of Internet viral cultures, ranging from (1) the use of social media for online protest, characterised by political contestation and fleeting outbursts of anger and backlash in the Twittersphere, to (2) the appropriation of
...
An Analysis of Social Media Use in the SADC Region 2014 - 2020
Harare: Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA); Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2020), 51 pp.
"I. Regional countries spend about 1.1 percent of GDP on digital investment, while advanced economies spend an average of 3.2 percent
II. 37% of social media users in the region have contributed to the creation of news, commented on it or shared it with others.
III. There is an upward trend in arres
...
Images and Misinformation in Political Groups: Evidence from WhatsApp in India
Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 1, issue 5 (2020), 12 pp.
"WhatsApp is a key medium for the spread of news and rumors, often shared as images. We study a large collection of politically-oriented WhatsApp groups in India, focusing on the period leading up to the 2019 Indian national elections. By labeling samples of random and popular images, we find that a
...
Publics in Africa in a Digital Age
Journal of Eastern African Studies, volume 13, issue 1 (2019), pp. 1-213
Personal Data: Political Persuasion. Inside the Influence Industry - How it Works
Berlin: Tactical Tech (2019), 121 pp.
"This guide categorises data-driven campaigning methods to loosely reflect how value is created along the data pipeline, from acquisition (asset), to analysis (intelligence) to application (influence)." (Page 3)
Secretos y mentiras: WhatsApp y las redes sociales en las elecciones presidenciales de Brasil en 2018
Buenos Aires: Universidad de Palermo, Centro de Estudios en Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la Información (CELE) (2019), 19 pp.
"Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir y analizar el uso de las redes sociales, en especial de WhatsApp, en el reciente proceso electoral brasileño, a partir de las siguientes estrategias: Caracterizar el escenario político y el telón de fondo sobre el que se dieron las elecciones, con el
...
Making it Personal: The Campaign Battle on Social Media in Indonesia's 2019 Presidential Election
Singapore: ISEAS (2019), 11 pp.
"Ranked fourth in the number of Facebook users in the world in 2018, Indonesia has witnessed increasing social media usage as a strategic platform for political campaigns since the third direct presidential election in 2014. Due to their accessibility and relatively low cost, social media platforms
...
Polarisation and Politicisation: The Social Media Strategies of Indian Political Parties
Hamburg: German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA) (2019), 14 pp.
"Ahead of the general election in April and May 2019, Indian political parties are using social media aggressively to propagate their ideology, mobilise public opinion, set policy agendas, and discredit detractors. Since the 2014 general election, India’s two major political parties – the Bharat
...
Elections and Media in Digital Times
Paris: UNESCO (2019), 67 pp.
"The central focus of this study is the dynamic and complex relationship between elections and (digital) media. This choice of focus is explained by the need to safeguard the integrity and credibility of electoral processes, as well as the role of the news media during election periods, in the face
...
Social Media Monitoring During Elections: Cases and Best Practice to Inform Electoral Observation Missions
Open Society Foundations (2019), 41 pp.
"The regulatory gap between online and offline political communication and elections is staggering. Even as monitors track broadcast media and advertising, elections are manipulated online. Initial responses by recent international electoral observation missions in Kenya, Georgia and Nigeria – as
...
