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The Internet's Challenge to Democracy: Framing the Problem and Assessing Reforms

Nathaniel Persily

Geneva: Kofi Annan Foundation (2020), 65 pp.

"The unique dangers of the new communication revolution fall into several categories: Velocity – The lightning speed of online communication is in tension with democracy because well-timed lies immediately preceding an election can gain a national audience before they can be rebutted; Virality – ... more

Google Scholar (9)

WorldCat (8)

Der unsichtbare Krieg: Wie die Digitalisierung Sicherheit und Stabilität in der Welt bedroht

Yvonne Hofstetter

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2020), 302 pp.

"Die Digitalisierung hat nicht nur zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen der Lebens-, Arbeits- und Wirtschaftswelt geführt, sie hat auch massive Auswirkungen auf die internationale Politik. Diese Auswirkungen, so Yvonne Hofstetter, stellen die Sicherheitspolitik der Staaten vor massive Herausforderungen ... more

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Assessing Digital Threats to Democracy, and Workable Solutions: A Review of the Recent Literature

Kathleen Kuehn, Leon A. Salter

International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 2589-2610

"Concerns surrounding the threats that digital platforms pose to the functioning of Western liberal democracies have grown since the 2016 U.S. election. Yet despite a preponderance of academic work in this area, the precise nature of these threats, empirical solutions for their redress, and their re ... more

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Governance responses to disinformation: How open government principles can inform policy options

Craig Matasick, Carlotta Alfonsi, Alessandro Bellantoni

Paris: OECD (2020), 45 pp.

"This paper provides a holistic policy approach to the challenge of disinformation by exploring a range of governance responses that rest on the open government principles of transparency, integrity, accountability and stakeholder participation. It offers an analysis of the significant changes that ... more

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Approaches to Evaluating Countering Violent Extremism Program Outcomes: A Descriptive Review with Options for Future Study

Gwendolyn Bevis, Lynn Carter, Jacob Patterson-Stein, Jill Tirnauer, C. Christine Fair

USAID;Management Systems International (MSI) (2019), 66 pp.

"This review seeks to inform United States Agency for International Development (USAID) evaluation of countering violent extremism (CVE) programming in Asia and globally by exploring two research questions: 1. Under current conditions, is it possible to develop a model or methodology to test the rel ... more

Google Scholar (11)

WorldCat (11)

Media and Mass Atrocity: The Rwanda Genocide and Beyond
Top Insights

Allan Thompson (ed.)

Waterloo, Ontario: Centre for International Governance Innovation (2019), x, 637 pp.

"The book includes an extensive section on the echoes of Rwanda, which looks at the cases of Darfur, the Central African Republic, Myanmar, and South Sudan, while the impact of social media as a new actor is examined through chapters on social media use by the Islamic State and in Syria and in other ... more

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Democratic Defense Against Disinformation 2.0

Daniel Fried, Alina Polyakova

Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (2019), 24 pp.

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The Impact of Digital Media on the 2019 Indian General Election

Ronojoy Sen, Katharina Naumann, Vani Swarupa Murali

Singapore: Institute of South Asian Studies;Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2019), 28 pp.

"The 2019 Indian general election saw the widespread and innovative use of digital media and technology. Most political parties employed digital media extensively for campaigning and voter mobilisation. This extensive use of digital media was due to nearly half of India’s 900 million eligible vote ... more

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International Standards and Comparative National Approaches to Countering Disinformation in the Context of Freedom of the Media

Andrey Rikhter

Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media;International Press Institute (IPI) (2019), 57 pp.

External Link (10)

Google Scholar (9)

WorldCat (11)

The Psychology of State-Sponsored Disinformation Campaigns and Implications for Public Diplomacy

Erik C. Nisbet, Olga Kamenchuk

The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, volume 14, issue 1/2 (2019), pp. 65-82

"Policy discourse about disinformation focuses heavily on the technological dimensions of state-sponsored disinformation campaigns. Unfortunately, this myopic focus on technology has led to insufficient attention being paid to the underlying human factors driving the success of state-sponsored disin ... more

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Information Flows and Radicalization Leading to Violent Extremism in Central Asia

Search for Common Ground;Internews (2019), 77 pp.

"The study is comprised of three main parts: a desk study of available and accessible material – reports, documents and media material; a qualitative study comprising over 200 interviews with ordinary people, experts, and persons with direct experience with radicalization leading to violent extrem ... ism (RVE); and a quantitative component consisting of national surveys of people’s information consumption habits. For the desk study, the effort was made to gain as broad a picture as possible, that is, to cover all five countries of Central Asia – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. However, predictably and unfortunately, Uzbekistan and especially Turkmenistan proved difficult cases to study in full. For both the qualitative and quantitative field research activities, for several reasons, only the first three countries were included. As a result, this study is able to report most robustly on these three countries and propose observations regarding Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan only to a limited extent. Based on the desk study, the drivers of extremist sympathies as established in existing research have been political grievances (injustice from state structures; identity-based discrimination; oppressive political regimes, etc), economic difficulties (unemployment; indebtedness; poverty; and desire for quick and greater income) and ideological motivations (resentment of false values; striving for the singularly just and true life; for reward in a perceived afterlife). To these push and pull factors are added a range of enabling factors, such as migration, young age, gender (women), and means of communication. All these drivers of RVE need to be treated with caution, as stressed by various authors and suggested by evidence gained in field research. A general observation, gained from the desk research and supported by evidence in both qualitative and quantitative field studies, was the difference among the countries in degree of control over the information space, or the degree of hegemony over public discourse. Of the three most fully studied countries, hegemonic discourse was the strongest in Tajikistan, followed by Kazakhstan, and the least in Kyrgyzstan. Uzbekistan, analyzed to a limited extent, would be closer to the extreme of Tajikistan, whereas Turkmenistan was too closed to make reasonably robust observations." (Page 3) more

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Russian Information Warfare in Central and Eastern Europe: Strategies, Impact, and Countermeasures

Michal Boksa

Washington, DC: German Marshall Fund of the United States (2019), 19 pp.

"The dynamism of Russia’s information warfare is best illustrated by the fact that over the last decade it underwent at least two strategic shifts—after the Russian-Georgian war in 2008 and in 2014 when Russia went from being risk-averse and stealthy to increasingly aggressive and risk-taking. E ... more

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Disinformation and Democracy: The Home Front in the Information War

Paul Butcher

Brussels: European Policy Centre (2019), 22 pp.

"Efforts to fight the spread of disinformation have had mixed results. Self-regulation by online platforms such as Twitter or Facebook puts a great deal of power in their hands, with potentially negative effects on independent news outlets that depend on social media for their outreach. State regula ... more

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Glasnost! Nine Ways Facebook Can Make Itself a Better Forum for Free Speech and Democracy

Timothy Garton Ash, Robert Gorwa, Danae Metaxa

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2019), 27 pp.

"Following multiple controversies in the past two years, Facebook is seeking to implement much needed processes for self-regulation and governance to help regain the trust of the public, politicians, and regulatory authorities. Facebook has thus entered a new era of cautious glasnost, inviting resea ... more

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Décode la h@ine! Jette la violence! Guide de prévention contre les discours de haine en ligne à l'usage des 12-18 ans
Key Guidance

Khalid Aoutail

Rabat: UNESCO (2019), 76 pp.

"Ce guide, conçu à partir d'une collecte des données sur l'expression de la haine en ligne sous toutes ses formes, et de leur analyse, propose des modules simples à comprendre afin d'accompagner celles et ceux qui le souhaitent dans la création d'un réseau virtuel d'échange pacifié. Les reco ... more

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Disinformation Campaigns and Hate Speech: Exploring the Relationship and Programming Interventions

Lisa Reppell, Erica Shein

Arlington: International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) (2019), 11 pp.

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Linkages as a Lens: An Exploration of Strategic Communications in P/CVE

Joe Whittaker, Lilah Elsayed

Journal for Deradicalization, issue 20 (2019), pp. 1-45

"Strategic communications for the purpose of countering violent extremism have become widespread in recent years, especially given the communications revolution which has amplified the messages of violent extremists and those that wish to counter them. Despite this, there is little-to-no research wh ... more

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Research Report: A Report Summarising Campaigns, Training Resources and the Current State of Thinking on Counter Radicalisation Throughout the World
Inspiring Practice

Hannah Richter

GameChanger;Fundacja TechSoup – techsoupeurope;Radio Nederland Training Centre (RNTC) (2019), 87 pp.

"The report is split into three chapters: chapter one looks at over one hundred different campaigns, highlighting effective and successful campaigns, and the evaluations of them where possible. Those that are not evaluated can be used as inspiration. The categorisation of the different campaigns was ... more

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Disinformation: Annotated Bibliography

Gabrielle Lim

Toronto: University of Toronto, Citizen Lab (2019), 71 pp.

"This document serves as a reading list and primer on digital disinformation. While the proliferation of literature on the subject is a positive reaction to an otherwise vague yet troubling threat, it can be difficult to grasp how much has been accomplished and what questions remain unanswered. This ... more

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"Hate Speech: Was tun?": Online-Weiterbildungsangebot für Fachkräfte und interessierte Userinnen und User

jugendschutz.net (2019), 6 pp.

Media and Mass Atrocity: The Rwanda Genocide and Beyond Top Insights

Décode la h@ine! Jette la violence! Guide de prévention contre les discours de haine en ligne à l'usage des 12-18 ans Key Guidance

Research Report: A Report Summarising Campaigns, Training Resources and the Current State of Thinking on Counter Radicalisation Throughout the World Inspiring Practice

Media and Mass Atrocity: The Rwanda Genocide and Beyond
Top Insights

Décode la h@ine! Jette la violence! Guide de prévention contre les discours de haine en ligne à l'usage des 12-18 ans
Key Guidance

Research Report: A Report Summarising Campaigns, Training Resources and the Current State of Thinking on Counter Radicalisation Throughout the World
Inspiring Practice