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Topics
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
87
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
36
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
30
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
24
COVID-19 Communication
17
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
14
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
13
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
13
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
12
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
12
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
12
Election Campaigns: Social Media
12
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
11
Facebook
11
Countering Defamation & Harassment
11
Propaganda
10
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
10
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
7
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
7
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
7
Twitter & Microblogs
7
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
7
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
6
Extremist Recruitment through Media
6
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
6
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
6
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
6
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
5
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
5
Algorithms & Big Data
5
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
5
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
4
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
4
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
4
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
4
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
4
Countering Misinformation & Rumours
4
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
4
Digital & Information Literacy
4
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
4
Social Media in Political Communication
4
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
4
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
4
Gendered Disinformation
4
Good Practice Examples
4
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
4
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
4
Islamist Communications & Media
4
Antisemitism
4
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
3
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
3
Campaigning: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
3
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
3
Freedom of Expression
3
Crisis Communication
3
Storytelling
3
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
3
Narratives, Narrative Structures
3
Internet Shutdowns
3
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
3
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
3
Artificial Intelligence
3
Gaming, Video Games
3
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
3
Journalism Ethics
3
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
3
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
3
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
3
Digital Literacy: Youth
3
Human Rights
3
Populism
3
Election Monitoring
3
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
2
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
2
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
2
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
2
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
2
Gaming: Uses & Effects
2
Campaigning: Experiences
2
Campaigning: Message Design
2
Campaigning: Planning & Implementation
2
Election Campaigns
2
Communication Rights
2
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
2
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
2
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
2
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
2
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
2
Rumours & Rumour Management
2
Memes
2
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
2
Edutainment Television Programmes
2
Bots
2
Telegram
2
YouTube
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
Environmental Disinformation & Misinformation
2
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
2
Reporting on Disinformation & Misinformation
2
Educational Games, Serious Games
2
Humour, Parody, Satire
2
Ethics in Media & Communication
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Impact Assessment & Outcome Evaluation
2
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
2
Gender-Sensitive Language
2
Nazism
2
European Union (EU)
2
United Nations (UN)
2
Election Reporting
2
Media & Information Literacy
2
Media Literacy: Youth
2
Social Media Landscapes
2
Media Law & Regulation
2
Religious Freedom
2
Political Extremism
2
Right-Wing Extremism
2
Public Media, State Media
2
Persuasive Communication
2
Interreligious Dialogue
2
Jihad
2
Research Methods
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
2
Advocacy Campaigns
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Digital & Social Media Use: Children
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Authoritarian Discourse
1
Campaigning
1
Campaign Strategies
1
Digital Media Campaigns
1
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Digital Literacy: Children
1
School Radios
1
Digital Rights
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Freedom of Expression Principles
1
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
1
Censorship
1
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
1
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
1
Nonprofit Public Relations: Design & Implementation
1
Viral Spots & Viral Online Communication
1
Community Communication
1
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Perpetrators
1
Boko Haram
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Early Warning: Conflicts & Crises
1
Enemy Images
1
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
1
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
1
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
1
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
1
Violence in the Media: Video Games
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Media Quality
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
1
Development Assistance
1
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
1
Funding Criteria & Priorities
1
Behaviour Change Communication
1
Edutainment Health Programmes
1
Edutainment Radio Programmes
1
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
1
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
1
Digital Media Landscapes
1
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
1
E-Governance, E-Democracy
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Political Blogging
1
Political Microtargeting
1
Political Websites & Online Communities
1
Digital Media Markets
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
TikTok
1
WhatsApp
1
Trolling (Social Media)
1
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
1
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
1
Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
1
Romani People
1
Stop.Fake.org (Internet Portal, Kiev)
1
Effects of Disinformation on Democracy
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Digital Economies & Markets
1
Educational Policies
1
Environmental Education
1
Infotainment, Politainment
1
Environmental Communication
1
Biodiversity Communication
1
Communication for Sustainable Development
1
Environmental Communication in Social Media, User-Generated Contents
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Media Assistance: Environmental Communication
1
Defamation, Libel, Slander
1
Defamation Law & Regulation
1
Self-Regulation of Media
1
Evaluation Criteria, Evaluation Indicators
1
Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
1
Evaluation Methods: Using Communication Tools
1
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Gender Relations
1
Collaboration
1
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
1
UNESCO
1
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
1
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
1
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
1
Journalism
1
Investigative Journalism
1
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
1
Journalism Education & Training
1
Journalistic Quality
1
Journalistic Skills
1
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
1
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
1
Mobile Journalism, Video Journalism
1
Photojournalism
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Media Assistance
1
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
1
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
1
Media Assistance: Religious Diversity, Religious Media
1
Crowdsourcing
1
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
1
Mindfulness, Mindful Communication
1
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Judiciary & Penal System
1
Corporate Social Responsibility
1
Photography
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
1
Political Communication
1
Political Transition and Media
1
Public Opinion Manipulation
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Muslim Radio Broadcasting
1
Cyberpsychology
1
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
1
Media Effects
1
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
1
Parasocial Interaction
1
Manipulation
1
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
1
Religion and Communication
1
Taliban
1
Islam and Communication
1
Yazidism, Yazidis, Yezidis
1
Randomised Control Trials & (Quasi-) Experimental Designs
1
Research Report Writing
1
Youth Violence & Violence Prevention
1
Civic Coalitions
1
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
1
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
1
Robots, Robotics
1
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
1
SMS
1
Visual Communication
1
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
1
Youth, Adolescents
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"Development practice has a critical role in providing the foundation for preventing violent extremism. UNDP’s conceptual framework proposes eleven interlinked building blocks for a theory of change explaining how development can help prevent violent extremism. These building blocks, which will in ... more
"In this issue we discuss some of the arguments and debates related to the highly charged and topical issue of Russia’s strategic narrative and how it is disseminated. Propaganda, in numerous forms, creates a barrier to more constructive engagement and dialogue. This issue’s contributors find th ... more
"With well-organised and far-reaching weapons of information Russia has succeeded in sowing doubt about the need for democratic values and is therefore also undermining faith in democratic countries, weakening it. Russia government uses lies, concealment, and the manipulation of anything that can se ... more

The Islamic State's Global Propaganda Strategy

The Hague: International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) (2016), 83 pp.
"This Research Paper aims to analyse in depth the global propaganda strategy of the so-called “Islamic State” (IS) by looking at the methods through which this grand strategy is carried out as well as the objectives that IS wants to achieve through it. The authors first discuss IS’ growth mode ... more

Reception and Perception of Radical Messages

Beirut: Samir Kassir Foundation (2016), 47 pp.
"1. Hyper-local factors were the most important components in both radicalisation and counter-radicalisation. Participants placed significant emphasis on the role of ‘heads’ of the neighbourhoods (who are the “only ones able to warn and convince young people against wrongdoing.” Heads of nei ... more
"This report presents the development, deployment, and evaluation of three counternarrative campaigns orchestrated by Against Violent Extremism (AVE) network and Jigsaw (an incubator within Alphabet that uses technology to address geopolitical issues) with additional in-kind and financial support fr ... more
"This paper seeks to provide some initial guidance as to what Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) is and what it means for the media development sector, its donors and other organizations that work with media developers. The paper also discusses challenges and implications of VE and CVE for media dev ... more
"The crisis in Ukraine has accentuated the position of Russian television as the government’s strongest asset in its information warfare. The internet, however, allows other players to challenge the Kremlin’s narrative by providing counter-narratives and debunking distorted information and fake ... more
"The book is divided into five sections: 1. Community Empowerment and Sustainable Development; 2. Hate speech and Incitement; 3. Radicalization and Extremism; 4. Human Rights and Gender Equality; 5. Inter-religious and Intercultural Discourses in the media. Articles submitted are linked to one of th ... more
"The present report provides a global overview of the dynamics characterizing hate speech online and some of the measures that have been adopted to counteract and mitigate it, highlighting good practices that have emerged at the local and global levels. While the study offers a comprehensive analysi ... more

'Hate Speech' Explained: A Toolkit

London: Article 19 (2015), 88 pp.
"There are a multitude of UN legal instruments which pertain to the rights of freedom of expression and information, and this book is the first to comprehensively map them and their function. It details the chequered history of both rights within the UN system and evaluates the suitability of the sy ... more

Starting Points for Combating Hate Speech Online

Council of Europe, Youth Department (2014), 90 pp.
"Young People Combating Hate Speech Online is a project of the Council of Europe’s youth sector running between 2012 and 2015. The project aims to combat racism and discrimination in their online expression of hate speech by equipping young people and youth organisations with the competences neces ... more
"A number of international organisations and NGOs suggest strategies for countering hate speech, but there is limited evidence of successful interventions. There is a general lack of impact evaluations of interventions to counter hate speech. When impact is measured it tends to be done in the short- ... more
"Overall, the evaluators found that the project’s approach was quite relevant in promoting religious freedom and preventing religious radicalization. The project targeted pesantrens affiliated to the traditional Islam Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and at the same time, it empowered the mainstream moderate ... more

Visual Propaganda and Extremism in the Online Environment

Carlisle, Pennsylvania: U.S. Army War College Press;Strategic Studies Institute (2014), x, 242 pp.
"Visual images have been a central component of propaganda for as long as propaganda has been produced. But recent developments in communication and information technologies have given terrorist and extremist groups options and abilities they never would have been able to come close to even 5 or 10 ... more

Mitigating Media Incitement to Violence in Iraq: A Locally Driven Approach

Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace (USIP) (2013), 17 pp.
"The Iraqi media sector is polarized, with news content often representing political positions. In a postconflict environment such as Iraq, this polarized content can become inflammatory, potentially inciting violence and diminishing the chances for Iraq to move forward in its transition to a peacef ... more