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Violences dans les médias en Afrique

Jean Bernard Mbah, Marie Kakeu-Makougang (eds.)

Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France: Editions Jets d'Encre (2024), 352 pp.

"Cet ouvrage scientifique, rigoureux et captivant explore ainsi les nombreuses facettes de la violence – telle qu’elle est médiatisée ou exprimée à travers des études sociologiques, des œuvres littéraires, musicales, historiques, culturelles et archivistiques, ou encore dans des TIC –, ... more

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On the Significance of Religion in Violence Against Women and Girls

Elisabet Le Roux, Sandra Iman Pertek

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xxi, 171 pp.

"In this ground-breaking volume, the authors explore two sides of religion: the ways in which it contributes to violence against women and girls (VAWG) and the ways it counters it. Recognising the very real impact of religion on the lives of women and girls, it prioritises experiences and learnings ... more

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Demystifying the Sacred: Blasphemy and Violence from the French Revolution to Today

Eveline G. Bouwers, David Nash (eds.)

Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter (2022), x, 303 pp.

"Drawing on cases from revolutionary France to the Russia of Vladimir Putin, the international authors probe the nature and agency of local blasphemy accusations, the historical and legal framework in which they were expressed and the violence, both physical and symbolic, accompanying them. In doing ... more

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The Media and Social Media Debate Around the Call for the Demolition of Shiite Religious Shrines in Iraq

Beirut: Samir Kassir Foundation (2022), 18 pp.

"The report monitors the number and types of media material covering this topic and published by the monitored media platforms. It analyzes the content of the material, the way it tackles the topic, its degree of reliance on objective sources related to the story, as well as its way of addressing th ... more

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Gandhi, Advocacy Journalism, and the Media

David W. Bulla (ed.)

New York: Peter Lang (2022), 290 pp.

"This book documents the journalistic career of Mohandas K. Gandhi. Known as the Mahatma and the Father of India, Gandhi was also a journalist. However, he was a not a journalist in the same vein as those working for the New York Times or the BBC. Rather, Gandhi was what is called an advocacy journa ... more

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Monitoring Report: Conflict Reporting in Azerbaijani- and Armenian-Language Regional Media and Other Media Outlets

Tina Gogoladze

Media Development Foundation (MDF) (2022), 66 pp.

"The following report reflects the results of media content monitoring to analyze conflict coverage by Azerbaijani- and Armenian-language regional platforms. In addition, the report incorporates conflict-related qualitative data acquired from specific Russian- and Georgian-language Facebook accounts ... more

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Violence Based on Religion or Belief: Taking Action at the United Nations

Aditi Gorur, Julie Gregory

Stimson Center (2021), 17 pp.

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Understanding News Coverage of Religious-Based Violence: Empirical and Theoretical Insights from Media Representations of Boko Haram in Nigeria

Leila Demarest, Amélie Godefroidt, Arnim Langer

Journal of Communication, volume 70, issue 4 (2020), pp. 548-573

"Recent studies on conflict and terrorism news coverage have documented an ingroup bias as well as an increasingly negative discourse about Muslims in the wake of Islamist terrorist attacks. Yet, as most of these studies have focused on Western media and settings, the determinants of news media’s ... more

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Religion and Violence: The Potential for Conflict and Peace

Klaus Krämer, Klaus Vellguth (eds.)

Quezon City: Claretian Publications;Missio (2020), xvii, 258 pp.

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Vulnerable Landscapes: Case Studies of Violence and Disinformation

Megan Ward, Jessica L. Beyer

Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (2019), 19 pp.

"Disinformation existed in the past, but the growing ubiquity of social media grants political actors increasing capacity to spread dangerous rhetoric and imagery in their pursuit of power. Incendiary content has the potential to catalyze mob violence, riots, and vigilantes taking the law into their ... more

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Was Frieden schafft: Religiöse Friedensarbeit. Akteure - Beispiele - Methoden

Markus A. Weingardt

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2018), 230 pp.

"Markus A. Weingardt hat rund um den Globus Beispiele für religiöse Friedensarbeit zusammengetragen. Er beschreibt die politischen und sozialen Hintergründe schwelender, manifester oder auch überwundener Konflikte und ihre Auswirkungen, stellt die Akteure vor und beleuchtet, mit welcher Methodik ... more

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Monseñor Óscar Romero y los medios de comunicación

Roberto Damas, Héctor Grenni

San Salvador: Editorial Universidad Don Bosco (2018), 232 pp.

"Monseñor Óscar Arnulfo Romero fue un gran comunicador, aunque no haya sido periodista”, nos dicen los autores de este texto. Y quienes tuvimos la suerte de presenciar su conversación en “la voz de los sin voz”, fuimos testigos de la verdad que hay en este aserto. Este gran comunicador no e ... more

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Putting Faith in Hate: When Religion is the Source or Target of Hate Speech

Richard Moon

Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press (2018), ix, 161 pp.

"Richard Moon examines the application of hate speech laws when religion is either the source or target of such speech. Moon describes the various legal restrictions on hate speech, religious insult, and blasphemy in Canada, Europe and elsewhere, and uses cases from different jurisdictions to illust ... more

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How Violence Shapes Religion: Belief and Conflict in the Middle East and Africa

Ziya Meral

Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press (2018), x, 217 pp.

"Is there an inevitable global violent clash unfolding between the world's largest religions: Islam and Christianity? Do religions cause violent conflicts, or are there other factors at play? How can we make sense of increasing reports of violence between Christian and Muslim ethnic communities acro ... more

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Engagierte Spiritualität: Friedensverantwortung asiatischer religiöser Akteure am Beispiel des Buddhismus und Hinduismus

Martin Bauschke

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2017), 187 pp.

"Die Studie diskutiert das Friedenspotential nicht-abrahamitischer Religionen am Beispiel des Buddhismus und Hinduismus und das konkrete Friedensengagement jeweiliger Akteure. Dabei werden die Entstehung und Aktivitäten zentraler friedensstiftender Personen, Organisationen und Netzwerke des Buddhis ... more

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Faith Matters: A Guide for the Design, Monitoring & Evaluation of Inter-Religious Action for Peacebuilding

Peter Woodrow, Nick Oatley, Michelle Garred

CDA Collaborative Learning Projects;Alliance for Peacebuilding;Search for Common Ground;GHR Foundation (2017), 153 pp.

"This Guide aims to help practitioners make sense of monitoring and evaluation as applied to inter-religious action in peacebuilding. It aims to support good practice among people who are involved in commissioning or contributing to such efforts, whether they be religious, secular or a combination o ... more

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Sunniten und Schiiten: Worum es in dem Konflikt wirklich geht

Candid Foundation (ed.)

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Lizenzausg. (2017), 98 pp.

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Community Information Flows to Reduce Inter-Communal Violence in Burma

Emily Speers Mears et al.

Search for Common Ground (2015), 71 pp.

"The research presented in this report aims to contribute towards a better understanding of the way in which rumors, hate speech, and manipulated information contribute to inter-communal conflict and outbreaks of inter-communal violence in Myanmar. It focuses on Muslim-Buddhist inter-communal confli ... ct in one urban and one peri-urban area: Lashio, the largest town in Shan state, and Amarapura, a former capital on the outskirts of Mandalay [...] People in Lashio and Amarapura draw upon a wide range of sources for information and news. They mainly obtain information by word of mouth from friends, colleagues, people who travel for their work, and figures of authority. They share this information by phone and online messaging services, and in markets, teashops and pagodas, as well as other places where people gather such as bus stations. Certain individuals in the community are regarded as trustworthy sources of information including religious leaders, teachers, bosses, government officials, and community leaders. Many people also have access to news applications on Facebook, and/or read journals and newspapers, listen to the radio, and watch TV in order to find out about news that affects them. People report a high level of skepticism about the news that they hear, particularly from sources like Facebook and government newspapers. They analyze not only the information itself but also the source of that information, and check whether it is accurate with people who live in the affected area, or by going to see for themselves. Family members or trusted community members are also consulted to verify or analyze news and information. Respondents also claim to try to verify information by checking different news sources. The more they can cross-reference, the more confident they are that the information is accurate. [...] The causes of inter-religious inter-communal conflict in Myanmar are not well understood. There is a long history of Muslim settlement in Myanmar, and of peaceful relations between Muslims and Buddhists. This changed with the arrival of the British, whose colonial policies brought an influx of Indians, including Muslims, to Myanmar. Specifically anti-Muslim (rather than anti-Indian) tensions first came to a head in 1938; however an inquiry into the anti-Muslim riots of that time found that while the riots had religious anti-Muslim undertones, the real causes were political, economic and social. There have been irregular outbreaks of anti-Muslim violence in subsequent decades, but unfortunately few detailed investigations or analyses of their causes, due to the difficulty of conducting research under the socialist and military governments, and to the sensitivity of the issue. This difficulty persists to the present. [...] Both Muslims and Buddhists are worried about religious violence, and the impact that it might have on the economy. However, most people in Lashio are probably more immediately worried about the fighting between the Tatmadaw and the ethnic armed groups that is taking place outside of Lashio, which has negative effect on the economy, on their livelihoods, and on their feelings of security, due to the numbers of internally displaced persons (IDPs) who have sought safety in Lashio. Ethnic groups in Lashio are concerned that the religious conflict will also have an impact on ethnic relations, due to the different religions amongst the ethnic groups. In Lashio, there is also a high level of anti-Chinese sentiment on the part of the Bamar and other ethnic groups. [...] The large amount of rumors about Muslims and about Muslim-Buddhist conflict that we heard in Lashio and Amarapura suggest that people are concerned about this conflict. Negative rumors contribute to the background levels of hatred and distrust of Muslims and serve to manifest tensions between the two communities. This kind of background hatred and distrust may not in itself result in violence. But it means that Buddhists and Muslims in these areas do not mix, and fosters an environment of suspicion and hostility, creating an enabling environment for violence. However, on their own, rumors are not sufficient to trigger violence. For every example of a situation where (true or false) rumors have triggered violence, there is an example where rumors have not triggered violence. Other factors – harder to identify – contribute to outbreaks of violence, and to the underlying conflict. It is essential that these factors be understood if the root causes of inter-communal conflict are to be addressed. KEY RECOMMENDATIONS With this analysis in mind, the following recommendations are provided: recognize the important role that word-of-mouth communication plays in the ways that rumors are spread; recognize and understand the nuances in each local context, in order to develop a deeper understanding of why people feel insecure, as well as to identify root causes of the conflict; mitigate the background levels of anti-Muslim hate speech, by engaging with the genuine Buddhist concerns that are expressed through hate speech; and strengthen community resilience to potential ‘trigger’ rumors – and recognize and strengthen existing efforts to combat these rumors." (Executive summary, page 3-7) more

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Religion, Hate Speech and Social Media in Myanmar: Analysing Methods of Intervention

Bethany Davis

University of Winchester, Master Thesis (2015), 77 pp.

"Myanmar is home to one of the longest running intrastate conflicts in the world, involving a series of ethnic and religious clashes that have caused harm to all parties involved. The ideology of a homogeneity based on Buddhism and the Bamar ethnicity has marginalized minority groups, which make up ... more

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Deconstructing Terror: Assessing Media’s Role in Religious Intolerance and Radicalisation

Amos Kibet

Nairobi: Media Council of Kenya (2014), xiii, 52 pp.

"The study examined various sampled media content and interviewed key informants to understand professional and ethical considerations informing media coverage of terror, religious extremism and radicalisation. From the findings, it is evident that the media somehow contributes to the propagation of ... more