"This publication recognizes the principle that “internet policy is social policy”. Accordingly, its core assumption is that internet governance concerns everybody. The stakes are high in today’s digital society. Equitable access to the internet; human and civil rights; the right to social, cu
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ltural, and economic participation; fair trade; and ensuring that the “net of nets” is working smoothly and securely at all times: all are topics that relate to internet governance." (Preface, page 5)
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"Sinteses de las recomendaciones: Incentivar la creación de tecnologías de evaluación del cumplimiento de la neutralidad de red en las capas lógica y de infraestructuras; Incentivar la creación de piezas procesuales de referencia para la creación de jurisprudencia, usando como base tanto el Ma
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rco Civil de la Internet como las leyes de protección al derecho del consumidor; Presionar para aumentar el poder de los órganos reguladores para imponer sanciones a las operadores de red y proveedores de acceso a la internet en el caso de neutralidad de red, así como incentivar la transparencia en relación a los procedimientos y sanciones pertinentes, especialmente en Brasil, Colombia y México; Incentivar la producción de más estudios con el objetivo de investigar la influencia de algoritmos de las redes sobre la neutralidad de la red; Incentivar la producción de conocimiento sobre transparencia en la gestión del tráfico en las capas de infraestructura; Incentivar la producción de investigaciones sobre los efectos de los planes de tarifa cero sobre la diversidad de contenido a que se tiene acceso." (Página 89)
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"In 2015, Farm Radio International applied to Making All Voices Count for a practitioner research and learning grant. Farm Radio International (FRI) is a Canadian-based not-for-profit organisation working in direct partnership with approximately 600 radio broadcasters in 38 African countries to figh
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t poverty and food insecurity. The research studied the impact of one of FRI’s projects, the Listening Post, initially developed as a pilot project funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to help agricultural development actors ensure their initiatives are responsive and accountable to farmers. The Listening Post is an interactive radio series aimed at an audience of farmers. It combines specialised interactive radio broadcasts with Uliza, a tool created by FRI for gathering and analysing feedback and questions from audience members. Uliza is built on an interactive voice response (IVR) system which enables listeners to vote on poll questions, leave messages and request the delivery of specific information. The research aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Listening Post, and to examine its potential as a tool for the adaptive management of agricultural programmes. This practice paper describes the research, and reflects more broadly on the challenges and opportunities provided by feedback models such as the Listening Post for improving inclusive and participatory agricultural development, and for advancing adaptive programme implementation based on feedback. It also discusses the potential of building on a tech-enabled feedback model to enable collective civic action for extension services that are responsive to the priorities of smallholder farmers. If the information generated by multi-stakeholder platforms like the Listening Post is to lead to adaptation and change in service provision, it is necessary to develop common understandings of the roles and responsibilities of different stakeholders from the outset of programme design and implementation." (Summary)
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"Protecting the independent media and the public sphere presents an epic challenge, but there is great opportunity for philanthropy to step up and help." (Introduction)
"This manuscript documents an innovative approach to providing access to mobile telephony and eventually internet services to communities in remote, rural areas. The innovation consists of the use of new technologies to access previously unused spectrum in these areas, and of a participatory and com
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munity-led business model for the delivery of the service." (Preface)
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"The research in these pages covers the theory around multistakeholder participation in Internet governance through a review of relevant literature. It also analyses case studies from Kenya to Brazil, South Korea, and the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), which illustrate how multistakeholder approac
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hes to Internet governance are applied in practice in diverse places and on different issues. In two of these cases, the outcome had legal repercussions that advanced the role of the Internet in terms of respect for rights; in the other two, the impact was positive for wider norms and processes." (Foreword, page 6)
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"In recent years, authorities have banned the use of drones for journalism in many countries. Therefore, it is valid to claim that practicing drone journalism often leads to questions of freedom of the press, the right to receive ideas and information, and also the freedom of expression. Clearly, th
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e best opportunities for developing drone journalism are in those countries that respect human rights, freedom of the press, and the right to obtain information. There are certainly a great many countries that bear little or no such respect, and also those where legal scholarship, as well as initial practical cases on this subject, are still developing. The ethical codes are also still under construction. The basics of journalism ethics are, indeed, very valid when practicing drone journalism. In addition, the discussion of drone journalism ethics has so far mainly focused on safety and privacy issues, with more analysis needed of the ways in which background information and context can be included by reporters using drones." (Conclusion)
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"The Mission: To grow a global coalition of representatives from religions, governments, international organisations, academia and the research community, civil society and elsewhere, working together toward a common objective: defending the dignity of minors and vulnerable adults in the digital wor
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ld. The Vision: To create a digital world where children and vulnerable adults are respected and free to exercise their digital rights and are safe from exploitation and abuse. The Strategy: To achieve 13 goals recognizing the urgent need for an inter-sectoral strategic collaboration which calls upon technology, political and religious leaders, health and social care professionals and others to share responsibility for achieving them. Goal 1: To raise awareness of digital risks especially with respect to primary prevention and safeguarding, and undertake new social research. Goal 2: To mobilise faith leaders to support the implementation of the Declaration. Goal 3: To revise applicable laws to be more effective in preventing abuse. Goal 4: To redefine the responsibilities and actions required by technology companies. Goal 5: To improve provision of child rescue and treatment services. Goal 6: To improve identification and interventions for children and young people at risk. Goal 7: To improve the capabilities and collaborative efforts of international law enforcement organisations. Goal 8: To train clinicians to better serve the needs of victims. Goal 9: To expand treatment resources for people harmed by abuse. Goal 10: To research the health impacts on young people of viewing pornographic images. Goal 11: To set safety standards, agree to a code of conduct, and mandate filtering and age verification to protect children from inappropriate online content. Goal 12: To improve education of children and young people. Goal 13: To ensure all citizens are alert to the risks of abuse and know how to report it." (Executive summary)
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"In this report, we look at the state of digital data for development and emerging trends. We aim to support German development cooperation in integrating and prioritising data approaches and investments in their work. In this study we focus on four data categories: big data, open data, citizen-gene
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rated data and real-time data. The selection of these categories considered two key dimensions: (1) the growing use in development-related policy discussions, and (2) the ability to capture key characteristics of interest, including size, access, source, and timeliness of data. We believe these categories provide a good starting point to explore how digital data production and use might lead to better development outcomes." (Executive summary)
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"The prospect of a new Libyan constitution offers an opportunity for consolidated, clear and robust legal protections for freedom of expression. However, the current Constitutional Draft contains significant legal loopholes and establishes institutions of uncertain power. The failure of the Constitu
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tional Draft to adhere to international minimum standards, let alone seek to ensure best practices, means that it may ultimately further weaken human rights, including freedom of expression." (Executive summary)
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"The study found that all selected economies are working to protect children from online sexual abuse and exploitation. Regardless of their level of Internet penetration, all criminalise the production and distribution of child pornography under domestic law. However, the quality of legislation—wh
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en present—vary. Relevant laws in economies with high Internet penetration tend to have a clear and consistent definition of “child” and “child pornography”, and include offenses facilitated by all Internet-enabled platforms. Economies with high Internet penetration have also enacted laws and developed interventions on other aspects of child online safety, such as children’s exposure to harmful content, cyberbullying and Internet addiction. But there does not seem to be any targeted legislative response to the online privacy of children and the protection of children from information security risks. Moreover, comprehensive measures to equip children with the knowledge, tools and skills necessary for them to manage these risks are still lacking, particularly in developing countries in the region. Recently, in Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines and Singapore, laws have been passed to protect children against cyberbullying. These laws are being criticised for criminalising children and being inconsistent with the right to freedom of expression. Some believe that it is more effective to tackle cyberbullying through awareness-raising and education programmes with parents, guardians, schools and young people themselves. It must be emphasised that drafting and implementing legislation are only one among the many steps that can be taken by governments. The study found that countries have used a mix of measures to address these concerns, including technical tools to filter content, end-user empowerment, and cooperation between multiple stakeholders, including children." (Executive summary, page 3)
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"Building on the work of Robert Chambers and Arturo Escobar, 'Communicating development with communities' is an empirically grounded critical reflection on how the development industry defines, imagines and constructs development at the implementation level. Unpacking the dominant syntax in the theo
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ry and practice of development, the book advocates a move towards relational and indigenous models of living that celebrate local ontologies, spirituality, economies of solidarity and community-ness. It investigates how subaltern voices are produced and appropriated, and how well-meaning experts can easily become oppressors. The book propounds a pedagogy of listening as a pathway that offers a space for interest groups to collaboratively curate meaningful development with and alongside communities." (Back cover)
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"Von algorithmischen Prozessen gesteuerte Intermediäre wie Google oder Facebook haben im Vergleich zu redaktionell gesteuerten Medien wie dem Fernsehen einen großen, aber bislang nicht entscheidenden Einfluss auf die öffentliche Meinungsbildung. Sie bewerten die Relevanz von Inhalten viel stärke
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r als redaktionelle Medien an unmittelbaren Reaktionen des Publikums. Die Nutzung der Intermediäre für öffentliche Meinungsbildung führt zu einem Strukturwandel der Öffentlichkeit. Zentral ist dabei ein zunehmend personalisiertes und maschinell kuratiertes Medienangebot, bei dem unmittelbare Nutzerreaktionen ein bedeutender Input sind. Eine Reihe psychologischer Faktoren führt aber dazu, dass die ausgewerteten vor allem impulsiven Publikumsreaktionen schlecht geeignet sind, um Relevanz im Sinne klassischer Leitwerte wie Wahrheit, Vielfalt oder gesellschaftliche Integration zu bewerten, die in Deutschland Grundlage der von redaktionellen Medien geschaffenen Öffentlichkeit sind. Im Zentrum der komplexen Wechselwirkungen digitaler Öffentlichkeit stehen algorithmische Prozesse, die Inhalte sortieren und deren Zusammenstellung personalisieren. Deshalb müssen Lösungen zuerst hier ansetzen." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"The Africa–China media and communications field is a nascent but rapidly growing one. This paper provides an overview of the field, followed by a discussion of the theoretical pathways that can be considered as productive in taking the field forward. The paper argues for the need for rigorous the
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ory-building approaches, and makes some suggestions about how this field of study can be developed. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential further research issues." (Abstract)
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"The digital convergence means that how the Internet develops going forward — both in terms of policy and technology — will shape the very environment in which all other media operate. This report makes the case to this community that they can, and must, engage in the decision-making bodies that
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are shaping Internet governance (IG) to ensure that the Internet — and the growing media sphere it sustains — remains open, pluralistic, and democratic. The media development community can work to improve the global enabling environment for media by actively engaging in Internet governance. Policy issues being discussed at ICANN, IGF, ITU, IETF, and IEEE could greatly benefit from the input of those with media development experience. Multistakeholder Internet governance presents a unique opportunity for the media development community to actively shape the future media ecosystem." (CIMA website)
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"This report explores the socio-economic impact of connectivity for refugees in a large, rural camp setting in Tanzania. Nyarugusu is one of three large refugee camps in the Kigoma region. Established in 1996, it now hosts more than 136,000 refugees from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Bu
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rundi. In 2016, Vodacom installed a 3G tower in Nyarugusu camp for the first time, providing an opportunity to assess the impact of mobile connectivity on refugees. Today, Airtel, Halotel and Tigo also provide connectivity to refugees in the camp. Nyarugusu remains the only camp in the Kigoma region with access to 3G. The purpose of this report is to provide robust evidence of the current use, value and impact of connectivity, and the barriers and challenges that refugees face in accessing and using mobile devices. This research provides mobile network operators (MNOs) and humanitarian agencies with key insights on the opportunities and barriers to enhancing the provision of mobile services to refugees." (Executive summary, page 2)
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"Countries in the regions despite extreme diversity share many of the same challenges with their media environments – particularly when it comes to quality content production and distribution, journalist safety and impunity, the enabling legal environment, gender and social inequality as well as m
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edia and information illiteracy. With shrinking spaces for human rights in general and freedom of expression and press freedom in particular, populist politicians on the rise in most countries, “fake news” narratives eating away at trust in the media and audiences that increasingly gravitate online for information and show indifference towards paying for quality content, the media environment faces an overwhelming amount of challenges. At the same time the need for quality public interest journalism founded on ethical principles and rigorous techniques is ever more vital to secure the publics’ access to reliable information so they can contribute to social and human development in line with the ambitions of the Sustainable Development Goals." (Executive summary, page 5)
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