"Many women and men professionally engaged in advertising do have sensitive consciences, high ethical standards and a strong sense of responsibility. But even for them external pressures — from the clients who commission their work as well as from the competitive internal dynamics of their profess
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ion — can create powerful inducements to unethical behavior. That underlines the need for external structures and systems to support and encourage responsible practice in advertising and to discourage the irresponsible. Voluntary ethical codes are one such source of support. These already exist in a number of places. Welcome as they are, though, they are only as effective as the willingness of advertisers to comply strictly with them. "It is up to the directors and managers of the media which carry advertising to make known to the public, to subscribe to and to apply the codes of professional ethics which already have been opportunely established so as to have the cooperation of the public in making these codes still better and in enforcing their observance." We emphasize the importance of public involvement. Representatives of the public should participate in the formulation, application and periodic updating of ethical codes. The public representatives should include ethicists and church people, as well as representatives of consumer groups. Individuals do well to organize themselves into such groups in order to protect their interests in relation to commercial interests." (Conclusion, page 20)
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"There are no neat prescriptions for nurturing a free press in a society that has little or no democratic legacy. Every step is a first step and there are no well-worn paths or time-honored institutions. There have been obvious successes in Albania. The technical and material aid to the newspapers h
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as propelled production practices from the 1940's into the 1990's in only a few short years. Broadcasting, while still laboring under the yoke of government ownership, is changing due to cultural and political influences from abroad, and aid programs have put the building blocks in place to offer alternatives to government programming when and if laws allow. But technical successes are only part of the recipe for building a free and independent media. Albania's most potent legacy is one of totalitarian rule, and without a great deal of political maturation, the aid given to the media could easily be turned into a tool for exploiting the seamy and the sensational. Or worse; the underdog free press could become the lapdog of yet another repressive regime." (Conclusion)
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"The Oxford-based Central and East European Publishing Project was a remarkable initiative to support embattled Central and East European publishers and journals, and to punch holes through the cultural iron curtain by encouraging translations and a 'common market of the mind' between East and West.
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The nine years of its existence straddle the largest watershed in European history since 1945, and the Project's history – told here by some of its leading participants – illuminates the nature of the recent changes in Central and Eastern Europe." (Publisher description)
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"Communication for development programmes do not feature as a priority theme for most of the agencies, with the exception of UNESCO, UNICEF and FAO. UNICEF considers communication for development programmes as a priority. They have communication officers in almost all their field offices, most of th
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em with very substantial programmes. The most significant lacuna in the development machinery of the United Nations system is that the UNDP modalities of project execution do not provide scope for a communication dimension. There is, however, awareness and concern among United Nations agencies, universities, multilateral agencies and NGOs about the need for effective communication structures for attaining the desired objectives of development and humanitarian assistance programmes." (Executive summary, page v-vi)
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"Eine kurze Einführung in die Bedeutung der Medien für die Demokratieförderung, die Ziele und Grundsätze der KAS-Medienförderung und die von der KAS geförderten Medienbereiche." (commbox)
"This handbook of source texts for Christian communicators in Africa contains a rich variety of nearly twenty documents from official meetings throughout Africa from 1970 to 1991. The first Pan-African Meeting of the Episcopal Conferences on Social Communications (Ibadan, 1973) and the SECAM Plenary
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Assembly on the theme "Evangelization in Africa through the Communications Media" (Lome, 1990) receive special attention. Other seminal meetings were the Conference on Effective Communication in Development (Lusaka, 1971), the WACC Pan-African Symposium on Christian Communication (Harare, 1987) and the AMECEA_Sonolux Grassroots Communication Symposium (Lusaka, 1988)." (Back cover)
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"Many countries are now reporting data which indicate high access to immunization services (good BCG, DPT1, and 0PV1 rates) but lower complete coverage, due to dropouts. Dropouts reflect a problem in one or both of two areas: service barriers (such as missed opportunities to vaccinate); and consumer
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barriers (such as lack of correct information, fear of side effects, or competing belief systems). In other countries immunization program mangers are discovering that it is more difficult to achieve and maintain the final ten percent or 20 percent of coverage than it was to achieve the initial 60 percent or even 80 percent. In each of these cases communication has a role to play. Communication offers practical strategies for reducing both service and consumer barriers to complete coverage and for sustaining appropriate immunization behavior among these groups over the long term." (Abstract)
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"A UNESCO project designed to study "methods of establishing community newspapers in remote islands of the Pacific in conjunction with other community media, notably radio." An overview of the region gives background, the status and problems of broadcasting and print media, and recommandations, foll
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owed by similar overviews of Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Fiji, Western Somoa, and Tonga. These are accompanied by maps and tables of facts and figures." (Eleanor Blum, Frances G. Wilhoit: Mass media bibliography. 3rd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990 Nr. 849)
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