"Tout au long de l’analyse sou - tendue par la théorie des usages et gratifications, nous nous sommes rendus compte que le site présente bien des avantages, mais à des potentialités qu’il n’exploite pas et a donc encore du chemin à faire. Les Nouvelles Technologies de Communication et de
...
l’Information offrent de nombreuses possibilités que le site doit exploiter. Le public est, aujourd’hui à la recherche du changement, de la nouveauté. Donc il doit mettre à profit toute cette richesse et améliorer sa qualité de production. En effet, nous avons mis l’accent sur le contenu qui est la clé du dynamisme et de la qualité d’un site. Les articles qui sont publiés, les thèmes développés sont intéressants, mais de nombreux aspects manquent pour les rendre plus intéressants encore. Au vue de tout cela, nous avons fait quelques suggestions pour une amélioration. En seulement une année d’expérience, l’on peut dire, au regard des résultats, que le site a atteint un niveau acceptable de notoriété et l’on espère que dans quelques années, il atteindra une notoriété planétaire et qu’il sera représenté dans tous les pays africains et comblera les besoins des visiteurs. Cela va donc sans dire que le besoin en informations en ligne est croissant. L’Eglise africaine doit se rendre compte de cette réalité et s’ouvrir à la nouveauté. Le temps n’est plus à l’hésitation encore moins au rejet de ces nouveaux moyens, mais à l’action. La Croix Africa fait ce qu’elle peut faire, mais ce n’est pas suffisant. Et, comme nous l’avons signalé dans la présentation du site, ce site est un site créé par le groupe Bayard qui n’est pas un groupe africain. Cela influence le choix et le traitement de l’information. Même si la création de sites demande de grands moyens, l’Eglise africaine ne doit pas se décourager devant ces difficultés." (Conclsuion, page 60-61)
more
"Struggling to cope with structural societal changes, digitalized news production, and the modified habits of fragmented media publics, public service broadcasters are expected to redefine the logic of their operations in order to regain the trust of citizens and engage them. This paper looks at how
...
public service broadcasters in seven countries of the Western Balkans have embraced new approaches, technologies, and online channels to foster interaction with their audiences. This includes the analysis of their structures, the popularity of offline programmes, and the use of online channels to reach the public, on the basis of evidence, experiences and specific findings collected during the period 2014-2016, as part of the project implemented by the University of Fribourg (Switzerland) and the Centre for Social Research Analitika (Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina)." (Abstract)
more
"Journalists in many countries are experimenting with how to build trust and engage with audiences, and our report examines their efforts. In our study we profile organizations that are working to build bridges with their readers, viewers and listeners and deliver relevant news to local audiences. W
...
e surveyed 17 organizations and conducted interviews with representatives of 15 organizations, one of which chose to remain anonymous. Among others we spoke to Chequeado in Argentina, GroundUp in South Africa, Raseef 22 in the Middle East, 263 Chat in Zimbabwe, Krautreporter and Correct!v in Germany, as well as Bristol Cable in the UK [...] Although the groups we surveyed are concerned by the broader phenomena of falling trust in media and media credibility, they are also, by necessity, focused on immediate fixes important to their organizations and readerships. Some believe that media credibility depends on engagement with readers. Some place more emphasis on journalism practices, including audience engagement, ethical standards and news gathering practices. The outlets we profiled use digital technology to communicate with audiences. Some also involve their readers in sourcing and sometimes verifying information. Some conduct focus groups and online surveys. Responding to comments online is part of their engagement efforts. Readers appreciate investigative reporting as well as stories that touch on their daily lives [...] There seems to be a tradeoff between audience size and the quality of content produced. Some groups with large followings (Hivisasa and 263Chat) promote headlines and short snippets rather than carrying out deep investigative reporting [...] Several groups said their audience is different from what their founders had originally expected. The reach of the outlets we surveyed is generally not as diverse as they had hoped. Their audiences tend to be educated and urban and, in some cases, include large diaspora communities. The outlets largely cater to niche audiences, but they have broader reach through their online presence and national influence when their stories are picked up by legacy media or other outlets." (https://gijn.org, accessed: June 8, 2018)
more
"Die ARD-Themenwoche 2017 hat ihre Ziele, nämlich möglichst viele Menschen mit einem besonderen Themenangebot vertieft in Kontakt zu bringen und Angebote zur Reflexion über den eigenen Glauben und den Glauben anderer Menschen an zu bieten, erreicht und damit erneut einen Beitrag zum Public Value
...
geleistet. Mehr als 33 Millionen Zuschauer bzw. 45 Prozent aller Fernsehnutzer wurden zwischen dem 11. und 17. Juni 2017 mit mindestens einer Sendung der ARD-Themenwoche „Woran glaubst Du?“ erreicht. Von Ende April bis Ende Juni 2017 wurde die Seite www.themenwoche.ard.de fast zwei Millionen Mal aufgerufen. Sehr hoch war die Beteiligung an den interaktiven Angeboten – entweder direkt auf der Webseite oder in den sozialen Medien –, bei denen Menschen ihre persönlichen Ansichten zu Fragen des Glaubens einbringen und mitdiskutieren konnten. So griffen 43 000 Nutzer und Nutzerinnen auf den Liveblog zu und posteten eigene Beiträge, um Einiges höher noch war die Beteiligung via Facebook und Twitter. Erfolgreich war auch das Zusammenspiel der verschiedenen ARD-Medien, um Menschen in verschiedenen Zielgruppen mit den Inhalten der Themenwoche anzusprechen." (Zusammenfassung)
more
"This paper explores the role that citizen journalism is playing in democratising the mainstream media in Rwanda. Through in-depth interviews with journalists from two radio stations and by using the public sphere theory as a theoretical framework, this research sought to answer the question as to w
...
hether citizen journalism in Rwanda propels media democratisation by enabling democratic deliberation through its ability to inform, filling in the gaps left by mainstream media and by encouraging critical thinking. The findings from this study show that citizens participate in the daily work of the media through commentaries and by serving as news sources. However, citizens have not yet had a tangible impact on the functioning of the two media where self-censorship and gatekeeping are widely practised. Democratisation of these radio stations appears to be more theoretical rather than an established practice." (Abstracts)
more
"Radio Sutatenza nació en el año de 1947 como una emisora rural de carácter cultural, fundada por el padre José Joaquín Salcedo, para ofrecer educación fundamental integral a los campesinos de Colombia y, de esta manera, transformar sus condiciones de vida personales, familiares y sociales. Co
...
n fines y métodos propios, se pretendía, a través de la comunicación y de la educación, hacer del campesino analfabeto, marginado e incomunicado, un agente social. El modelo implementado estaba constituido por: radiodifusión (programas), radiorrecepción (audición organizada - Escuelas Radiofónicas), acceso (facilitando aparatos de radio y garantizando cobertura con sonido de calidad), sistema combinado de medios (radio, cartillas, libros, periódico, disco-estudio, etc.) y comunicación interpersonal (auxiliar inmediato, lideres, dirigentes, entre otros)." (Introducción, página 13)
more
"This article analyses three crowdfunded media organizations in three different countries – Krautreporter (Germany), Direkt36 (Hungary), and Colta (Russia). Using qualitative in-depth interviews, it demonstrates that journalism practices in a crowdfunded newsroom are very different from those in o
...
ther media. The study concludes that direct funding from the audience is financially unstable; it affects journalists’ professional self-perception, changes their relationship with the audience and generally increases the amount of work that journalists have to do. At the same time, participants claim to be more satisfied with their work now than they ever were before." (Abstract)
more
"This report presents an evaluation of the utility of social media for conducting research, monitoring and evaluation in the MENA region, using a case study approach. The Twitter based reaction to the reported cancellation/reduction of food provision by World Food Programme (WFP) for Syrian Refuges
...
was taken as the case study [...] The application of frequency analysis to the case study showed that information regarding ebb and flow of the popularity or awareness of the cuts to the WFP could be obtained from Twitter. Spikes in popularity or awareness on Twitter related to key reports in the media relating to the cuts. These spikes were subjected to further analysis using topic classification. Simple topic classification was performed on the spikes identified in the frequency analysis. Wordclouds are simple but effective methods for viewing the high-level discussion on social media. Words are sized in the wordcloud based on their frequency – the bigger the word, the more frequently it is used. The accounts @60Minutes and @bbcworld were dominant in the visualizations, confirming the broadcast reaction on Twitter. To further refine the analysis these Twitter accounts were visualised in retweet networks. Social Network graphs were used to visualise interactions between accounts posting about cuts to the WFP on Twitter. The size of nodes (accounts) in the graphs corresponded to amount of interactions with other nodes (accounts), indicating their relative importance in propagating information about the cuts to the WFP on Twitter. The graphs also identified nodes (accounts) that acted as bridges for information to travel from one Twitter community to another." (Executive summary)
more
"Interactive TV and radio shows are popular phenomena in Kenya and Zambia. Drawing primarily from interview- and observation based research in TV stations in Kenya and Zambia, this paper examines the role of media practitioners in shaping interactive broadcast programmes, and the nature and possibil
...
ities of audience participation. Looking at the cases of Muvi TV’s The Assignment in Zambia and Power Breakfast and Cheche on Kenya’s Citizen TV, it considers the agency of the host and presenter of interactive shows. This working paper analyses the various ways that hosts implement ground rules for appropriate behaviour of audience members and seek to create space for different voices. It then turns to analyse the constraining effects of the wider political and regulatory environment in the two countries, for instance, Zambia as a ‘Christian nation’ and a relatively peaceful country, and Kenya as a ‘volatile nation’ due to insecurity, including terrorism-related threats and ethnic tensions. In so doing, this paper finds that despite structural factors and individual limitations, the hosts of these shows see themselves, and have been seen by audiences, guests and political elites, as key drivers and celebrities that shape access and nature of participation." (Abstract)
more
"Over the past four decades, Lake Victoria has come under pressure from a multiplicity of interlinked human activities including industrial pollution, eutrophication and sedimentation. These pressures have contributed to ecological changes in the lake, incorporating unprecedented loss of biodiversit
...
y and water quality deterioration. This is threatening the lake's capacity to provide for the communities, as well as its contribution to the local economy. In performing their social responsibilities, the news media (particularly radio) have endeavoured to highlight the environmental crises on Lake Victoria. The Victoria Voice radio programmes on Uganda's CBS radio are one of the endeavours targeting lakeside communities. The key question raised here is how these radio programmes are perceived and interpreted by the communities. While they attest to their relevance in providing information on the crises on the lake, it is also evident that audiences are not naïve and passive, but recognise the ‘power relations’ embedded in the programmes. The communities also argue that the programmes shifted their focus from the major causes of pollution, and pointed fingers at them in addition to excluding their views from the programmes. In the end, the audiences advocate for opportunities that will increase their participation in these programmes." (Abstract)
more
"This year we have evidence of the growth of distributed (offsite) news consumption, a sharpening move to mobile and we can reveal the full extent of ad-blocking worldwide. These three trends in combination are putting further severe pressure on the business models of both traditional publishers and
...
new digital-born players – as well as changing the way in which news is packaged and distributed." (Overview & key findings)
more
"The thesis investigates community radio as a tool for development drawing on case studies of Nkhotakota and Mzimba community radio stations in Malawi. The thesis employs communication for development and ‘another’ development theories to help understand the role of community radio in developmen
...
t. The research aims are firstly, to investigate the extent and ways in which community radio is used as a tool for development through audience participation; and secondly to examine the extent to which communication for development in community radio in Malawi takes the form of participatory communication. Using the case study approach (Yin, 2009), the thesis specifically examines the functions of participation in development through community radio; whether community radio can encourage development through enhancing capabilities and participation even when people do not own and manage the stations; how radio listening Clubs (RLCs) help to expand people’s capabilities; and how the programming of community radio in Malawi is influenced by the agendas of development agencies. Arnstein’s (1969) ladder of participation and Carpentier’s (2011) minimalist and maximalist versions of participation are adopted as criteria for evaluating the different levels of participation in and through community radio." (Abstract)
more
"We see the smartphone more clearly as the defining device for digital news with a disruptive impact on consumption, formats, and business models. Our data suggest it provides an environment dominated by a few successful brands, with others struggling to reach a wider audience, both via apps and bro
...
wsers. The move to online video, new visual formats, and social media coincides in many countries with a fall in audiences for traditional TV bulletins. The trend is most pronounced amongst the under 35s. We see a strengthening in the role played by Facebook in finding, discussing and sharing news. Facebook-owned Instagram and WhatsApp are playing a big role amongst younger groups." (Executive summary)
more
"Many people in rural areas in Malawi lack access to information due to illiteracy and the unavailability of reliable sources of information. There is also an absence of a proper forum where rural ordinary people can express their views and have their voices heard. However, in communities where ther
...
e are community radio stations, the stations are helping create spaces for ordinary people to participate in public life by setting up radio listening clubs (RLCs). This article examines how RLCs offer ordinary people opportunities for mediated participation in public debate and for self-representation. Based on face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation, the article argues that the organization of listeners into RLCs by community radio stations enables ordinary people to receive and discuss crucial information and hold debate on issues of interest. As such, the RLCs possess some characteristics of the public sphere; hence the reference to them as alternative public spheres." (Abstract)
more
"The use of smartphones and tablets has jumped significantly in the past year, with fewer people using their computers for news. More than a third of online news users across all countries (39%) use two or more digital devices each week for news and a fifth (20%) now say their mobile phone is their
...
primary access point. The number of people paying for digital news has remained stable over the past 12 months, although we have seen a significant switch to more valuable ongoing digital subscription in most countries. Our new (and unique) social media index for news shows Facebook is by far the most important network for news everywhere. Although Twitter is widely used in the US, Spain, and the UK, it is far less influential in many other European countries. Google+ is emerging as increasingly important for news, along with messaging application WhatsApp. European respondents remain strongly committed to news that tries to be neutral (or impartial) but Americans are more interested in hearing from brands and reporters that are open about their own views and biases." (Key findings, page 8)
more
"[...] technological changes in the media sector have opened up a range of new analytical opportunities for understanding the impact that media can have across a range of relevant criteria. Thus, the field of media impact assessment is in a period of rapid innovation and change, in which new approac
...
hes to defining and measuring impact are being developed and adopted. The goal of this report is to provide a comprehensive overview and assessment of the approaches being employed in this formative period of assessing media impact, with a focus on what is termed here a social value perspective. Social value in this context refers to analytical approaches that extend beyond financial measures of success to take into account criteria such as improving the well-being of individuals and communities across a wide range of dimensions that are central goals of most public interest media initiatives. This report seeks to identify relevant analytical approaches, methodologies, and metrics for assessing media impact in an effort to develop a baseline inventory of analytical tools, methods, and metrics that can inform further work in this area; and to identify approaches that appear particularly promising. The key themes that emerge from the media impact literature include: 1. The importance of media impact assessment maintaining a high degree of methodological flexibility and diversity [...] 2. The availability of a broad range of performance metrics [...] 3. The centrality of audience engagement to impact assessment." (Executive summary, page 4-5)
more
"Transformer des radios existantes en radios «communautaire» n’est pas un modèle envisageable à large échelle. Toutefois, le lien créé avec les communautés à travers les groupes d’écoute dans l’ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire a con tribué au processus de rapprochement social entre les
...
communautés. Les programmes radiophoniques de ces régions témoignent de la richesse du contenu apporté par les communautés, une fois la relation établie. Tant que le statut des radios reste ambigu et que la gestion financière opaque, il est difficile de chercher à impliquer les communautés dans la gestion financière et humaine des stations de radio. Trop promettre aux communautés sur leur capacité à influencer leur radio locale peut créer de l’amertume si le but n’est pas atteint. En revanche, continuer à former les radios sur la bonne gestion de leurs fonds et des ressources humaines est un prérequis pour les inciter à se stabiliser." (Conclusion)
more