"Este informe presenta los principales resultados de tres sondeos regionales sobre la participación en las radios locales y comunitarias en África, América Latina, Asia y el Pacífico. Los sondeos investigaron la participación de las respectivas comunidades en la programación, la gestión, la p
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ropiedad y el financiamiento de las emisoras. La participación de la comunidad es un elemento importante en casi todas las radios participantes en este sondeo. En todos los continentes, la participación se da con mayor fuerza en el área de la programación. Los resultados muestran que las formas 'tradicionales' de participación de los oyentes, como los programas de entrevistas o la participación por teléfono – también muy de uso en la radio pública o comercial - son las más frecuentes en la radio local y comunitaria. La participación en la gestión, la propiedad y el financiamiento es menos común. Mientras la clasificación de las diferentes áreas de participación es similar a través de las regiones investigadas, se dan sin embargo ciertas diferencias de importancia: las emisoras latinoamericanas tienen mayor participación a nivel de la programación, pero están por debajo del promedio en las áreas de gestión y propiedad. En África el nivel de participación en el financiamiento y la propiedad es relativamente alto. En Asia la participación en la gestión juega un papel fundamental. La mayoría de las radios genera ingresos por una variedad de fuentes. En América Latina la publicidad es de primera importancia, en África la venta de espacios radiales y el financiamiento por donantes locales y extranjeros tienen un peso significativo, mientras que en Asia el financiamiento del estado juega un papel mayor que en los otros dos continentes. En todas las regiones que cubrió el sondeo, se percibe la falta de fondos como el limitante más severo para lograr una mayor participación de las comunidades. Un compromiso 'temprano' de las comunidades (ya en la fase de planificación y ejecución) y la existencia de clubes de oyentes son dos factores que conducen a una participación más intensa." (Resumen)
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"The Community Radio Support Centre (CRSC) at the Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists (NEFEJ) assessed the performance of 15 community radios based on the Community Radio Performance Assessment System (CR-PAS) in 2012. The assessment was a first full-fledged test after a successful piloted the
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system in 2011. The radio stations were provided with organization development (OD) support to address to the findings of the pilot assessment. The OD support provided the stations with advice and mentoring on improving their structures, systems and processes to meet the requirement of community radios [...] None of the 15 stations scored enough to be included in ‘model community radio’ category, three qualified as ‘performing’, four as progressing, two as evolving, and six as ‘endeavoring’. If the previous assessment is taken as the baseline then the overall performance of the stations increased - from 44 to 48 - in six months and after the OD input. There has been an upward movement of the stations in terms of categories, as shown by reduction of number of stations in the endeavoring category and increase in the performing category. This suggests that frequent assessments such as this can encourage the stations to improve performance." (Executive summary)
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"Anyone working with community radio in one way or the other longs for a recipe on how to ensure long-term sustainability. Such a recipe does not exist. But there are a number of important factors that are crucial for sustainability - and a related number of traps on the way it is easy to fall into
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which will effectively undermine long-term sustainability." (Page 2)
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"This Module IV focuses on the particular characteristics of community radio stations and how these different features influence the way one determines programming. The first section examines ownership questions and the different forms of collaboration between the radio station and the community. Th
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e second section of the module provides insight into the preparation of a programming schedule and its importance. In addition, the module contains a sample programming plan, which can be adapted as necessary to help the senior management better structure their programmes, coordinate with the station’s producers and journalists, and manage the expectations of their audience." (Introduction)
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"This third module focuses on elaborates on the various aspects of human resources management such as evaluation and training, compensation for employees, communication and conflict prevention among staff members. The guide provides practical suggestions and guidance on how to motivate staff, how to
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handle conflicts and how to coordinate communication at the station." (Introduction)
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"This publication puts deep-rooted community ownership at the heart of sustainability and real impact of community radios. Jallov focuses on core processes to reach the most adequate realization of a station according to the specific needs and context of the community. Based on her rich hands-on-exp
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erience, she provides examples illustrating processes of preparation, establishment, and building of long-term sustainability and empowerment, as well as the provision of an enabling environment. Practical advice ranges from planning needs assessments and strategic plans to managing partnerships and practising community-based impact assessment. Written in a clear, straightforward way, 'Empowerment radio' does an excellent job in providing guidance both on conceptual and practical aspects of community radio broadcasting." (CAMECO Update 2-2012)
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"This second module focuses on two main aspects of managing community radio stations. First, it examines the governing bodies of a station and gives succinct descriptions of each body’s function and structure as it relates to the governance of the radio. The second section of this module serves as
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a guide for human resources management. It presents the roles and responsibilities involved for each staff- and volunteer position, and gives an overview of the recruitment process for new personnel." (Introduction, page 2)
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The first module covers the different aspects of administrative management. The sub-module on good governance intends to facilitate analytical thinking about good governance in order to gain a better understanding of the notion and its applicability to community radios. As a follow-up, the second su
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b-module provides an overview of the most important legal documents, their content and their roles.
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"This document reports on the pilot assessment of 15 community radio stations – or of radios that claim to be community radios – based on the Community Radio Performance Assessment System (CR-PAS) developed by the Community Radio Support Centre (CRSC) / Nepal Forum of Environmental Journalists (
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NEFEJ). The CR-PAS seeks to assess community radio stations in seven performance areas: participation and ownership, governance, programs, resource structure and management, station management, financial management and networking. It uses a set of 60 indicators and is intended to be a practical tool that the stations could eventually adopt for continuous self-assessment. Following a brief overview of radio in Nepal, this report provides an overview of the CR-PAS and the assessment process. Thereafter, it reports on the findings and analysis both of all the radios that were assessed and also of individual stations, leading to conclusions and recommendations." (Executive summary)
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"The Government of India has recognized community radio through its guidelines in 2002 and amended guidelines in 2006. Yet, in the domain of community media, a large gap remains between policy and practice. Communities from the media dark regions of India continue to struggle to get their voices hea
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rd and to receive critical and locally relevant information. Their voices remain absent in an environment dominated by the mainstream media, disseminating only entertainment and national level or state level information. This publication brings some of these voices to the foreground. It includes pieces by some of the community radio practitioners who have been engaging with their communities for many years at the grassroots level, and address issues critical to community radio, such as capacity building, sustainability, technology and other aspects of their experience. It also includes write-ups by specialists from various other fields who have contributed to equally critical aspects of community radio, such as copyright issues, policy perspectives, knowledge sharing and capacity building." (Foreword)
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"This manual describes the process for starting a local radio station—the organization of community support and planning, equipment needs, programming strategies, business growth and sustainability and journalistic ethics and standards. This manual does not insist that you follow a set of rules to
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start and operate a station. But it does offer important guidelines about what things you might think about, why they are important and how you can learn from the experiences of other communities in other parts of Afghanistan and the world. There’s information in this manual for community supporters, station managers, reporters, technicians and other workers, and you can give copies of this manual to them." (Page 7)
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"This toolkit illustrates what it takes to set up and manage a community radio station in Nigeria. It discusses what community radio is and how it can contribute to the individual (provide relaxation, information, entertainment, promote self-expression and creativity) or to the community as a whole
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(raising awareness of the resources a community has for solving its problems, stimulating discussions, bringing government's attention to the community). It explains the application process, the seven steps towards setting up a community radio station, the necessary capacity building with the staff members, as well as technical matters, programme formats and types of funding. Another chapter highlights the opportunities for partnerships and participation of the community which can be established with the different stakeholders. Interesting about this publication is its easy-to-understand language and its consideration of the Nigerian sociocultural context: all given examples are derived from local environments and prove an awareness of the multi-ethnic and multi-religious communities of Nigeria." (commbox)
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"El texto propone un marco teórico sobre comunicación y participación, sintetiza los aspectos fundamentales de las emisoras comunitarias para detenerse en los principios y criterios que deben ser tenidos en cuenta para una gestión adecuada y para el logro de su sustentabilidad como empresas soci
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ales que garanticen a las comunidades el derecho a la comunicación. El segundo capítulo se introduce en la Gestión integral de las emisoras comunitarias. En la tercera parte se ofrece una metodología para implementar en las emisoras comunitarias el modelo de gestión integral reconocido y recomendado por diferentes sectores empresariales. El manual propone una perspectiva sobre la gestión de las radios comunitarias, herramientas concretas de organización, de diagnóstico y evaluación, propuestas prácticas, consejos y recomendaciones de organizaciones que han implementado procesos de gestión para que las radios comunitarias sean empresas sociales sustentables." (commbox)
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"Like other publications on "commmunity media sustainability", this guide looks not only at financial, but also institutional sustainability, and social sustainability, i.e. it's rootedness in the community to which it belongs. The first section highlights the centrality of mission for sustainabilit
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y and tackles topics such as models for sustainable funding, business models, "barefoot" audience research, relationship to donors, writing successful funding proposals and using alternative energy to power radio stations. The second section provides sustainability experiences from quite different contexts, countries and kinds of media, including radios in Haiti, Nepal, Rwanda, Sierra Leone or South Africa, as well as a community television NGO in the United Kingdom, online community media in the USA or community media networks like the satellite news service of the Latin American Association for Radio Education (ALER) or the Peruvian National Community Radio Coordination CNR. The final section is a list of resources, providing practitioners and researchers with a broad range of further online materials." (CAMECO Update 3-2009)
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"This publication allows community radio stations to assess their performance regarding: community participation and ownership; radio governance structures and procedures; radio programme structure; radio station management; financial management and resource structure; as well as networking. Using a
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detailed scoring system, the manual provides a comprehensive list of indicators that categorises assessed stations into four groups: evolving, progressing, performing and model community radios. It considers the issues that are at the heart of community media: public accountability, community representation, locally relevant programming, diverse funding, and due acknowledgement of staff, including volunteers. The manual is clear and concise providing a sound basis for the task it describes. Tailored to the needs of community radios in Nepal, not every single indicator may apply to stations in other countries. Nevertheless, the scoring methodology can easily be adapted to other contexts." (CAMECO Update 4-2009)
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"This guide and the included mulitimedia CD will guide you step by step mulitimedia CD will guide you step by step through the process of establishing your own community radio. It starts by explaining what community radio is and how to determine the communication needs of a community. It continues w
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ith the importance of community involvement and volunteering, includes information on appropriate technology and ends with financial sustainability and evaluation. This guide also builds on examples and reflects upon lessons learnt from the pilot project in Khoun District and draws your attention to important issues you need to consider when establishing your own station. The biggest challenge in setting up a community radio is not the technical equipment or the transmitter, there is always a solution to that. The challenge is how to organize the community support and involve members of the community right from the beginning in developing in developing their community radio. The other challenge is how to produce creative interactive programmes that community radio. The other challenge is how to produce creative interactive programmes that allow as many people within the community as possible to participate in the broadcasts in different ways." (Introduction, page 3)
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