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Defamation Law & Regulation
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Media Law & Regulation: Muslim Countries
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Freedom of Expression
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Islam and Communication
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Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
3
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
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Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
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Religious Freedom
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Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
2
Human Rights
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Religion and Politics
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Religious Discrimination, Persecution of / Violence Against Religious Groups
2
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
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Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
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Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
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Catholic Church & Cinema
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Catholic Church: Media Representation & Reporting
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Child Abuse: Digital Media
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Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
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Persecution of / Violence Against Christians
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Feature Films
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Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
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Digital Rights
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Freedom of Expression Principles
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Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
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Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
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Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
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Street Theatre
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Cybercrimes
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Google
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Internet Shutdowns
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Electronic Commerce
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Social Media in Political Communication
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Facebook
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Twitter & Microblogs
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Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Romani People
1
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
1
Ethics in Media & Communication
1
Countering Defamation & Harassment
1
History of Communication: Islam
1
History of Communication: Religion
1
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Human Rights Protection
1
Human Rights Violations
1
Religion and Communication
1
Afterlife, Immortality, Resurrection: Media Representation
1
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
1
Hinduism and Communication
1
Images in Religion, Images of God
1
Islamism
1
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
1
Islamist Communications & Media
1
Antisemitism
1
Secularization & Atheism
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"Moving beyond a common visual concern within Religious Studies with art, aesthetic value, and perceptions of beauty or coherence, this volume shows how, when, and why images dare, shock, terrorize, confront, challenge, mock, shame, taunt, or offend, either intentionally or unintentionally, and as s ... more
"Drawing on cases from revolutionary France to the Russia of Vladimir Putin, the international authors probe the nature and agency of local blasphemy accusations, the historical and legal framework in which they were expressed and the violence, both physical and symbolic, accompanying them. In doing ... more
"Global Sceptical Publics is the first major study of the significance of different media for the (re)production of non-religious publics and publicity. While much work has documented how religious subjectivities are shaped by media, until now the crucial role of diverse media for producing and part ... more
"In this submission, the Association of Progressive Communications (APC), EngageMedia and Southeast Asia Freedom of Expression Network (SAFEnet) examine Indonesia's compliance with the recommendations received during the third Universal Periodic Review cycle in 2017. This submission will focus parti ... more
"The euphoria that has accompanied the birth and expansion of the internet as a "liberation technology" is increasingly eclipsed by an explosion of vitriolic language on a global scale. Digital Hate: The Global Conjuncture of Extreme Speech provides the first distinctly global and interdisciplinary ... more
"In 2018, Asia Bibi, a Christian woman, was acquitted of the blasphemy charges that had kept her on death row for nearly a decade. The lessons learned from her case, including the international advocacy critical to her acquittal, help to create a template for advocating on behalf of other religious ... more

Pakistan's Internet Landscape 2020

Islamabad: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES);Bytes for All (2021), 89 pp.
"The internet brought new opportunities for Pakistan to develop into a progressive society and a more democratic country, and it opened doors for more forms of criminal activity (like fraud, child pornography, etc.), more intimidation and the spreading extremism, and more information gathering on ci ... more

Violating Rights: Enforcing the World’s Blasphemy Laws

Washington, DC: United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) (2020), 95 pp.
"In this report, the authors examine and compare state implementation and enforcement of criminal laws prohibiting blasphemy (“blasphemy laws”) worldwide over the five-year period between January 2014 and December 2018. The criminal cases this study analyzes represent states’ enforcement of la ... more

Blasphemy and the Cultivation of Religious Sentiments in Post-2011 Egypt

In: Blasphemies Compared: Transgressive Speech in a Globalised World
Lund: Lund University (2020), 21 pp.
"Conservative Muslim groups have been very successful in Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslim nation, in efforts to construct blasphemy as a serious threat to the Islamic community. These groups attempt to formalise Islam in state institutions in a way that rejects liberalism and pluralism; ... more

Apostasy, Blasphemy, and Hate Speech Laws in Africa: Implications for Freedom of Religion or Belief

Washington, DC: United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) (2019), 52 pp.
"This report shines light on the following trends: - Blasphemy and apostasy laws are often overbroad and can be used to limit a variety of religious expression. These laws violate international human rights law and should be repealed. - Hate speech laws are also generally overbroad and can be used t ... more
"Incidents of blasphemy and religious defamation occur around the world, often provoking angry, and sometimes violent reactions from religious adherents. However, laws prohibiting blasphemy and religious defamation are heavily criticised as being against freedom of speech, despite their effect on ra ... more

Policy Update: Pakistan's Blasphemy Law

Washington, DC: United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) (2019), 3 pp.

Blasphemy and Apostasy “Laws” in the Muslim World: A Critical Analysis

Valparaiso, Indiana (US): Valparaiso University School of Law (2018), 40 pp.
"This chapter reviews the laws of apostasy and blasphemy in the Muslim world, by looking particularly at Pakistani and Malaysian cases. It strongly argues that the death penalty in the laws of apostasy and blasphemy is untenable in the modern period. The chapter demonstrates that these laws conflict ... more
"This article develops the argument that blasphemy trials occupy a pivotal role in ‘religion-making’ in post-1998 Indonesia. Examining a blasphemy trial on the island of Lombok in 2010, I argue that the process of democratisation has given civilian actors more opportunity to engage Indonesia’s ... more

Unpacking the Blasphemy Laws of Pakistan

Asian Affairs, volume 49, issue 2 (2018), pp. 319-339
"Over the years, Pakistan's notorious blasphemy laws have been a central instrument for the persecution of religious minorities. While these laws are colonial in origin, they exist today within the context of a general Islamisation of laws, which combined with the state's inability to hold a monopol ... more
"The tension between blasphemy laws and the freedom of expression in modern times is a key area of debate within legal academia and beyond. With contributions by leading scholars, this volume compares blasphemy laws within a number of Western liberal democracies and debates the legitimacy of these l ... more
"Blasphemy is a serious wrongdoing in all monotheistic world religions. Blasphemy prohibitions have been brought into being and enforced so as to protect the dominant religion specifically. Religions as such, however, are not protected by international human rights law. Human rights law protects and ... more

Defamation and Insult Laws in the OSCE Region: A Comparative Study

Barbara Trionfi (ed.)
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2017), 267 pp.
"This study examines the existence of criminal defamation and insult laws in the territory of the 57 participating States of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). In doing so, it offers a broad, comparative overview of the compliance of OSCE participating States’ legislat ... more