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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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Journals
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Echo Chambers, Filter Bubbles, and Polarisation: A Literature Review
Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2022), 42 pp.
"This literature review examines, specifically, social science work presenting evidence concerning the existence, causes, and effect of online echo chambers and consider what related research can tell about scientific discussions online and how they might shape public understanding of science and th
...
"The OECD convened a first-of-its kind international partnership on behavioural science and misinformation between the Canadian and the French governments to develop and disseminate behaviourally-informed and evidence-based solutions that can guide government response to misinformation. The study te
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"Since Syrians took to the streets more than 11 years ago demanding freedom from decades of dictatorship, the Syrian regime has used violence and disinformation as tools to silence those who dare to oppose it, especially those brave enough to expose the war crimes being committed. Civilians, doctors
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Solidarity Through Cynicism? The Influence of Russian Conspiracy Narratives Abroad
International Studies Quarterly, issue 66, sqac012 (2022), 14 pp.
"As conspiracy theories have become a popular form of political discourse worldwide, states have promoted conspiratorial ideas to advance their foreign policy goals. Yet, despite recent attention to the spread of propaganda abroad, scholars have not addressed whether and how conspiracy theories spre
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Meeting the Challenges of Information Disorder in the Global South
Deep Insights
Rondebosch: University of Cape Town, Centre for Film and Media Studies; International Development Research Centre (IDRC) (2022), 256 pp.
"Despite information disorder being a widespread problem in countries in the Global South, the study of this phenomenon remains dominated by examples, case studies, and models from the Global North. Knowledge about the various manifestations of information disorder, the range of responses, and the s
...
Media Governance: A Cosmopolitan Critique
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2022), xv, 318 pp.
"The book offers a critical map to navigate the field of media governance. A thread of cosmopolitan critique connects the fourteen chapters to enhance media governance literature beyond the West and regional foci. The first part addresses the epistemological and ontological flaws in the use and adap
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Demystifying Disinformation Shadow Economies: Fake News Work Models in Indonesia and the Philippines
Asian Journal of Communication, volume 32, issue 3 (2022), pp. 251-267
"[...] this article contributes ethnographically grounded and comparative research of two democratic Southeast Asian countries dealing with urgent threats to media freedom and democracy: Indonesia and the Philippines. Our research identifies the main disinformation work models in Southeast Asia, mos
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Negacionismo climático e desinformação online: Uma revisão de escopo
Liinc em Revista (Rio de Janeiro), volume 18, issue 1, e5948 (2022), 27 pp.
"Esforços de síntese de evidências vêm apontando para o avanço das formas organizadas de desinformação e negação do conhecimento científico sobre a mudança climática global. Em vários países do mundo, há um forte debate sobre a difusão dessas narrativas no ambiente online e seus impa
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Policy Paper: Unpacking Content Moderation in Pashto and Dari
Meedan; Digital Rights Foundation (DRF) (2022), 25 pp.
"Content moderation at scale is an extremely complicated issue, however by looking at specific examples such as the case studies and data highlighted in this study, the conversation can start to take into account more diverse experiences and context that is normally overlooked. Emerging from these e
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Labelling Fake News: The Politics of Regulating Disinformation in Thailand
Perspective (ISEAS), issue 34 (2022), 14 pp.
"In Thailand, determining what news is true or fake appears to be a political matter. The Thai authorities associate "fake news" with public harm and as a national threat, giving rise to stringent regulatory responses. Official hostility toward "fake news" is influenced by virulent political conflic
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Acabar con la infodemia: Recomendaciones sobre la transparencia de las plataformas
Foro sobre Información & Democracia; Observacom (2022), 34 pp.
"Publicadas en noviembre de 2020, las recomendaciones del Foro sobre transparencia de las plataformas digitales resultantes del informe “Cómo acabar con la infodemia” figuran en la agenda de la Conferencia Mundial sobre la Libertad de Prensa de la UNESCO que se celebra en Punta del Este (Urugua
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Authoritarians on a Media Offensive in the Midst of War: The Informational Influence of Russia, China, Turkey, Iran and the Gulf States in Southeast Europe
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2022), iii, 127 pp.
"The publication analyzes the emerging trends of foreign authoritarian-state disinformation in the context of the war in Ukraine in a comparative manner focusing on 7 states of Southeast Europe (Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania). It examines
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Content Moderation and Freedom of Expression: Bridging the Gap Between Social Media and Local Civil Society
Article 19; UNESCO (2022), 46 pp.
"This report presents a summary analysis of research on current practices of content moderation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya, with a specific focus on 'harmful content' such as 'hate speech' and disinformation. The methodology combined desk research with qualitative interviews wit
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Mapping Disinformation in the Serbian Media
Beograd: CRTA (2022), 98 pp.
"Our main findings show that, numerically, disinformation overpowers the news. More precisely, this study identified 559 different types of disinformation cases in 494 news items disseminated in 14 (out of 15 analysed) Serbian news media. Our study found that false, misleading and manipulative infor
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Disinformation studies: Perspectives from an emerging field
Covilhã: Universidade da Beira Interior; LabCom (2022), 299 pp.
"It all started at the ECREA 2021 Post Conference “Disinformation Studies: Perspectives to An Emerging Research Field”, which took place online, on September 10, 2021. The debate there quickly widened and was joined by other colleagues. The book that we bring you here is the result of part of th
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History Under Attack: Holocaust Denial and Distortion on Social Media
Deep Insights
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 68 pp.
"This publication is the first report from UNESCO and the United Nations to specifically address Holocaust denial and distortion. It details the ways in which social media is fertile ground for hate and prejudice - and proposes actions we can take in response. Based on the data of billions of Facebo
...
A Strategy for Effective Counterspeech Against Online Hate and Disinformation in Sri Lanka
Dehiwala: National Christian Evangelical Alliance of Sri Lanka (NCEASL) (2022), 78 pp.
"This strategy, prepared through a consultative process, identifies some approaches and interventions in counter speech in the context of Sri Lanka's socio-political realities. It is meant to help streamline and scale up various efforts already being pursued by different individuals or groups. The f
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Guide de la lutte contre la désinformation: Références, pratiques et outils
Rabat: Haute Autorité de la Communication Audiovisuelle (HACA) (2022), 54 pp.
"[...] le "Guide" est une modeste contribution pour lutter contre les fausses informations. Qu'est-ce qu'une fake news? Que cache une manipulation de l'information ? Comment la détecter et avec quels outils ? Ce sont -là quelques-unes des questions auxquelles répond ce guide, qui invite le lecteu
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The Unfreedom Monitor: Information
Amsterdam: Global Voices Advox (2022), 22 pp.
"To summarise, three factors define information manipulation today in the observed countries. First, there is continuous enhancement of disinformation technical abilities to overcome the measures taken by IT platforms and make disinformation look more trustworthy, especially using AI. Second, grand
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Moderación privada de contenidos en Internet y su impacto en el periodismo
Montevideo: Observacom (2022), 43 pp.
"El presente documento aborda la problemática de la moderación de contenidos en las plataformas haciendo hincapié en su impacto fundamental en el periodismo y teniendo como eje los derechos a la libertad de prensa y la libertad de expresión." (Introducción, página 5)
