"The purpose of the study is to determine the challenges and prospects of community radio in Ethiopia, taking Harar Community Radio (HCR) as a case study. This radio station is selected because it has already stopped broadcasting a few months ago. For the effectiveness of the research, efforts have
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been made to study the overall operational activities of Harar Community Radio and the attitudes of its audience toward the managing, financing and production processes. The researcher acquired the necessary data and information by employing both quantitative and qualitative methods, including document inspection. Taking sample survey as the main means of acquiring data, focus group discussion and in-depth interviews have been used to complement the study. In addition, different books and documents were revised to give depth to the research outcome. The researcher has also examined the theories of participatory communication and Jankowski’s community media research agenda to specify the research objectives and questions. The outcome of the study has pointed out that Harar Community Radio lacked many qualities of a community radio station. As the findings clearly identify, it is not possible to take HCR as a well organized community radio station. On the other hand, however, the radio station still has the support and trust of its audience." (Abstract)
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"Nearly one woman in ten does not listen to radio at all. However, the results of the survey indicate that over half (51.4%) of women does not listen at all, or seldom listens to radio. This situation is not due to the competition from television, but rather to the fact that the majority of women do
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not have a radio and, to a lesser extent, to their core duties which leave them little time to listen to radio. The effect of the high impact of household core could be reduced if these women had their own radio sets. Indeed, an overwhelming majority of the women was classified as "housewife", which is not incompatible with listening to radio. Young people, in particular teenagers, have a lower level of access to information through radio. Health programs usually target this age group which should also be a focus for women promotion programs. It is all about women, who, while being still young, are becoming mothers and heads of a family. Their needs for information would seem to be thus more significant than those of other women. This is, however, the group that shows the least interest in radio. Moreover, radio management should see to it that these teenagers get more interested in their programs. This lack of keen interest from teenagers could be due to the fact that they have a more significant access to television. Women with lower incomes and those from the regions have the lowest rates of access to radio programs. These results tally with the low rate of radios owned by women. The results show a positive link between radio ownership rates and the percentage of women who listen to radio everyday. Very few female listeners (5%) contacted radio stations to take part in a program. This participation is somewhat easier for women who have access to telephone. However, the costs of communication could be a deterrent considering the low incomes of the population." (Executive summary)
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"The study revealed important coverage by Project ‘Radio SIDA’ of the targeted populations. 89% of the population that was studied declared having heard about AIDS on the radio. Radio is clearly the most important source of information for both urban and rural populations. Given that 68% of the
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population also knew that the broadcasts were produced by ALT, it can be concluded that a large part of their knowledge about HIV originated from Project ‘Radio SIDA’. Knowledge about AIDS was impressive, and 75% of the population could quote blood and sexual relations as ways of transmitting HIV/AIDS, and 77% could quote both fidelity and condoms as means of prevention. More fundamentally, the Focus Group Discussions revealed that the broadcasts seem to have had considerable impact on the population’s belief in the existence of HIV/AIDS, given the characteristics of the region this is really quite a success. Project ‘Radio SIDA’ can congratulate itself for having considerably increased AIDS knowledge in the urban and rural populations of the Anosy and Androy regions after undertaking only two sub-projects that each lasted 7 months and only cost $25,000." (Executive summary)
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"[...] Radio listening amongst young people appears to be high and most of those interviewed listen daily, usually after lunch and in the evening. The BBC and VOA are popular stations with young people as are local radio stations including Radio Azadi, Aman and Sharq. However, in cities radio compet
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es with TV, and young people from middle and low income groups often prefer it. Young people like listening to music but are also interested in news, debate and programmes, dealing with real issues or problems that offer insight, analysis and helpful solutions. Such programmes according to local journalists, youth workers and young people are in short supply, whereas music is not. Most young people indicate strongly that they want radio to contribute to both their broad education and their schooling. They want information about Afghanistan, its history and culture, its development and place in the world. They want to know how to help themselves, their families and their country and they want to be informed in an interesting, entertaining and frank way. They also want to know how other young people live in neighbouring countries. Young men and women would like a radio programme that gives them a voice and encourages debate about issues that affect them (for example, schools in rural areas, the introduction of private education, how much study to do, examination procedures, how to get into university, available courses, marriage and job opportunities). Women say they want radio to deal with the specific problems they face in relation to their status, education, work and security. Young people want to hear provincial, district and rural perspectives, not just voices from Kabul. There are high expectations of what the media can achieve in Afghanistan in terms of improving civic behaviour, government accountability, and changing harmful cultural attitudes and practices, particularly towards young women. Young women say radio should do more to persuade and influence fathers, uncles, brothers and imams on issues relating to their rights." (Executive summary, page 4)
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"L'enquête sur l'audience 2003 – 2004 fait suite aux précédentes enquêtes, menées en 1997 et en 1998 dans le cadre du programme de coopération Madagascar– UNICEF. Elle consiste à mettre à jour les données issues des précédentes enquêtes, mais également à identifier les canaux de co
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mmunication les plus efficaces pour transmettre les messages. Sans prétendre à la perfection, la présente étude permet ainsi d'ouvrir de nouvelles pistes de recherche pour la communication à Madagascar et de connaître la perception par la population de ses différents canaux (audio-visuel, presse écrite, etc)." (Preface)
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"It has been found that overwhelming respondents from various social groups and occupation rely on "people" for local information. The Katuwali still constitutes a means of information for a sizeable portion of population. For national and international news, radio and television are among the major
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means. The possession of radio increases with increase in literacy. The Radio Nepal has the greatest number of listeners. The 6-8 am, 6-8 pm and 8-10 pm are the times during which the radio is listened by a great many people. The subjects that are preferred by the listeners are news and folk and dohari music. In the study area, only 31% of the household possess television set. It was found that no local newspaper is published from the area and also that there is no any public place or center where people could read newspapers. Moreover, the size of the regular reader of the regional and national newspaper is dismally small. Female lags behind the male in reading the newspapers. It was found that children school going age of a sizable portion of families do not go to school. The frequency of failing in exam is remarkably high; the children of 31% parents respondents have failed in school exam [...]" (Summary, page 104)
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