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Künstliche Intelligenz in politischen Kampagnen: Akzeptanz, Wahrnehmung und Wirkung

Simon Kruschinski, Pablo Jost, Hannah Fecher, Tobias Scherer

Frankfurt am Main: Otto Brenner Stiftung (2025), 108 pp.

"Im ersten Teil geben wir einen Überblick über den Einsatz von generativer KI in der politischen Kampagnenkommunikation. Insbesondere die generativen KI-Tools ChatGPT und Midjourney werden zunehmend in politischen Kampagnen eingesetzt, um menschenähnliche Texte beziehungsweise fotorealistische Bi ... more

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The Influence of Media Trust and Normative Role Expectations on the Credibility of Fact Checkers

Florian Primig

Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 5 (2024), pp. 1137-1157

"Fact-checking has been granted a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of online disinformation, but its effectiveness has nonetheless been questioned. Like any persuasive communication, fact checkers depend on their recipients perceiving both their messages and them as credible. This study invest ... more

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Effectiveness of art therapy in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and the propensity to quit journalism among journalists covering banditry activities in Nigeria

Felix Olajide Talabi, Joshua Kayode Okunade, Joseph Moyinoluwa Talabi, Ishola Kamorudeen Lamidi, Samson Adedapo Bello, Blessing Chinweobo-Onoha, Gever Verlumun Celestine

Media, War & Conflict, volume 17, issue 4 (2024), pp. 445-462

"The goal of this study was to examine the efficacy of art therapy in the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the propensity to quit journalism among Nigerian journalists covering banditry attacks. The researchers utilized a quasi-experiment as the design for the study and sampled ... more

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Edutainment and the prevention of under-age marriages: The evaluation of a television series designed to promote positive role models in Bangladesh

Muhammed Nazmul Islam, Atonu Rabbani, Animesh Talukder, Rubaiya Riya Siddiqua, Sanjana Nujhat, Mushfiqur Rahman, Malabika Sarker

Journal of Development Effectiveness, volume 16, issue 2 (2024), pp. 159-186

"Edutainment intervention is a popular and inexpensive behavioural change communication toolkit to raise positive social norms through broadcast media. We evaluated a 26-episode nationally broadcasted television series targeted to improve attitudes towards preventing child marriage in Bangladesh. We ... more

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Funny Enough: Incorporating Humor Into Health Messages to Promote Breast Self-Examination Behavior

Sijia Liu, Liang Chen

International Journal of Communication, volume 18 (2024), pp. 4441-4467

"Using the extended parallel process model (PPM), this research examines whether and how humor functions to influence women’s breast self-examination (BSE) intention. We conducted a 2 (humor: present vs. absent) × 2 (threat: high vs. low) × 2 (efficacy: high vs. low) between-subjects experiment ... more

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Debunking and exposing misinformation among fringe communities: Testing source exposure and debunking anti-Ukrainian misinformation among German fringe communities

Johannes Christiern Santos Okholm, Amir Ebrahimi Fard, Marijn ten Thij

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 5, issue 1 (2024), 13 pp.

"Through an online field experiment, we test traditional and novel counter-misinformation strategies among fringe communities. Though generally effective, traditional strategies have not been tested in fringe communities, and do not address the online infrastructure of misinformation sources support ... more

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Effect of Short, Animated Video Storytelling on Maternal Knowledge and Satisfaction in the Perinatal Period in South Africa: Randomized Controlled Trial

Maya Adam, Zwannda Kwinda, Mithilesh Dronavalli et al.

Journal of Medical Internet Research, volume 25, issue e47266 (2023), 13 pp.

"Innovative mobile health (mHealth) interventions can improve maternal knowledge, thereby supporting national efforts to reduce preventable maternal and child mortality in South Africa. Studies have documented a potential role for mobile video content to support perinatal health messaging, enhance m ... aternal satisfaction, and overcome literacy barriers. Short, animated storytelling (SAS) is an innovative, emerging approach to mHealth messaging. Objective: We aimed to measure the effect of SAS videos on maternal knowledge and user satisfaction for mothers enrolled in antenatal care programs at 2 public health facilities in the Tshwane District of South Africa. Methods: We used a randomized controlled trial with a nested evaluation of user satisfaction. Participants were randomized 1:1 into Standard-of-Care (SOC) Control, and SAS Intervention groups. The intervention videos were delivered through WhatsApp, and 1 month later, participants responded to telephone surveys assessing their knowledge. The intervention group then participated in a nested evaluation of user satisfaction [...] Conclusions: While the SAS videos resulted in high user satisfaction, measured knowledge gains were small within a participant population that was already receiving perinatal health messages through antenatal clinics. The higher knowledge scores observed in older participants with higher education levels suggest that boosting maternal knowledge in younger mothers with lower education levels should continue to be a public health priority in South Africa. Given the high maternal satisfaction among the SAS video-users in this study, policy makers should consider integrating similar approaches into existing, broad-reaching perinatal health programs, such as MomConnect, to boost satisfaction and potentially enhance maternal engagement. While previous studies have shown the promise of animated video health education, most of this research has been conducted in high-income countries. More research in underresourced settings is urgently needed, especially as access to mobile technology increases in the Global South. Future studies should explore the effect of SAS videos on maternal knowledge in hard-to-reach populations with limited access to antenatal care, although real-world logistical challenges persist when implementing studies in underresourced South African populations." (Abstract) more

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The Psychological Impacts and Message Features of Health Misinformation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Philipp Schmid, Sacha Altay, Laura D. Scherer

European Psychologist, volume 28, issue 3 (2023), pp. 162-172

"What does health misinformation look like, and what is its impact? We conducted a systematic review of 45 articles containing 64 randomized controlled trials (RCTs; N = 37,552) on the impact of health misinformation on behaviors and their psychological antecedents. We applied a planetary health per ... more

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Can Fighting Misinformation Have a Negative Spillover Effect? How Warnings for the Threat of Misinformation Can Decrease General News Credibility

Toni Van der Meer, Michael Hameleers, Jakob Ohme

Journalism Studies, volume 24, issue 6 (2023), pp. 803-823

"In the battle against misinformation, do negative spillover effects of communicative efforts intended to protect audiences from inaccurate information exist? Given the relatively limited prevalence of misinformation in people’s news diets, this study explores if the heightened salience of misinfo ... more

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Perceived Prevalence of Misinformation Fuels Worries About COVID-19: A Cross-Country, Multi-Method Investigation

Jörg Matthes, Nicoleta Corbu, Soyeon Jin et al.

Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 16 (2023), pp. 3133-3156

"Data suggests that the majority of citizens in various countries came across ‘fake news’ during the COVID-19 pandemic. We test the relationship between perceived prevalence of misinformation and people’s worries about COVID-19. In Study 1, analyses of a survey across 17 countries indicate a p ... more

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A scoping review of digital health interventions for combating COVID-19 misinformation and disinformation

Katarzyna Czerniak, Raji Pillai, Abhi Parmar, Abhi, Kavita Ramnath, Joseph Krocker, Sahiti Myneni

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, volume 30, issue 4 (2023), pp. 752-760

"We provide a scoping review of Digital Health Interventions (DHIs) that mitigate COVID-19 misinformation and disinformation seeding and spread. Materials and Methods: We applied our search protocol to PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science to screen 1666 articles. The 17 articles included in this pa ... more

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Sustaining Exposure to Fact-Checks: Misinformation Discernment, Media Consumption, and its Political Implications

Jeremy Bowles, Kevin Croke, Horacio Larreguy, Shelley Liu, John Marshall

[authors] (2023), 37 + 27 pp.

"Exposure to misinformation can affect citizens’ beliefs, political preferences, and compliance with government policies. However, little is known about how to reduce susceptibility to misinformation in a sustained manner outside controlled environments, particularly in the Global South. We evalua ... more

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The Effects of Flagging Propaganda Sources on News Sharing: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Twitter

Fan Liang, Qinfeng Zhu, Gabriel Miao Li

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 4 (2023), pp. 909–928

"While research on flagging misinformation and disinformation has received much attention, we know very little about how the flagging of propaganda sources could affect news sharing on social media. Using a quasi-experimental design, we test the effect of source flagging on people’s actual sharing ... more

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Striking the balance between fake and real: Under what conditions can media literacy messages that warn about misinformation maintain trust in accurate information?

Michael Hameleers, Toni Van der Meer

Behaviour & Information Technology (2023), 13 pp.

"Although interventions that warn about the harms of misinformation may be effective in lowering the credibility of false information, they may also cause suspicion related to factually accurate information. To explore these contradictory outcomes of exposure to media literacy messages, we used an o ... more

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The Alternative Truth Kept Hidden From Us: The Effects of Multimodal Disinformation Disseminated by Ordinary Citizens and Alternative Hyper-Partisan Media. Evidence From the US and India

Michael Hameleers, Darian Harff, Désirée Schmuck

Digital Journalism (2023), 22 pp.

"The affordances of social media potentially amplify the effects of disinformation by offering the possibility to present deceptive content and sources in credible and native ways. We investigate the effects of two aspects related to the dissemination and modality of digital disinformation: (In)auth ... more

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What do we study when we study misinformation? A scoping review of experimental research (2016-2022)

Gillian Murphy, Constance de Saint Laurent, Megan Reynolds, Omar Aftab, Karen Hegarty, Yuning Sun, Ciara M. Greene

Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 4, issue 6 (2023), 57 pp.

"We reviewed 555 papers published from 2016–2022 that presented misinformation to participants. We identified several trends in the literature—increasing frequency of misinformation studies over time, a wide variety of topics covered, and a significant focus on COVID-19 misinformation since 2020 ... more

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The Spot the Troll Quiz game increases accuracy in discerning between real and inauthentic social media accounts

Jeffrey Lees, John A. Banas, Darren Linvill, Patrick C. Meirick, Patrick Warren

PNAS Nexus, volume 2, issue 4 (2023), pp. 1-11

"The proliferation of political mis/disinformation on social media has led many scholars to embrace “inoculation” techniques, where individuals are trained to identify the signs of low-veracity information prior to exposure. Coordinated information operations frequently spread mis/disinformation ... more

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Fighting Lies with Facts or Humor: Comparing the Effectiveness of Satirical and Regular Fact-Checks in Response to Misinformation and Disinformation

Mark Boukes, Michael Hameleers

Communication Monographs, volume 90, issue 1 (2023), pp. 69-91

"This study tested the effectiveness of fact-check format (regular vs. satirical) to refute different types of false information. Specifically, we conducted a pre-registered online survey experiment (N = 849) that compared the effects of regular fact-checkers and satirist refutations in response to ... more

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Media, Social Pressure, and Combating Misinformation: Experimental Evidence on Mass Media and Contraception Use in Burkina Faso

Rachel Glennerster, Joanna Murray, Victor Pouliquen

J-PAL Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab (2023), 45 pp.

"Using a two-level randomized experiment covering 5 million people in Burkina Faso, we examine the impact on family planning knowledge and behavior of both general exposure to mass media (800 women receive radios in status quo areas) and an intensive evidence-based family planning campaign (8 of 16 ... more

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Degrees of deception: The effects of different types of COVID-19 misinformation and the effectiveness of corrective information in crisis times

Michaels Hameleers, Edda Humprecht, Judith Möller, Jula Lühring

Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 9 (2023), pp. 1699-1715

"Responding to widespread concerns about misinformation’s impact on democracy, we conducted an experiment in which we exposed German participants to different degrees of misinformation on COVID-19 connected to politicized (immigration) and apolitical (runners) issues (N = 1,490). Our key findings ... more