"Thomas Großbölting zeichnet die Geschichte des sexuellen Missbrauchs in der katholischen Kirche nach, für den er - zumal in den ersten Nachkriegsjahrzehnten – ein Ineinandergreifen von binnenkirchlichem Selbst- und Machtverständnis, religiöser Sozialisation und gesellschaftlichen Strukturen
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erkennt und die Praxis des jahrzehntelangen Vertuschens anprangert. Wer wurde und wird unter welchen Umständen zum Täter? Welche Rollen lassen sich dem Umfeld der Taten und der kirchlichen Hierarchie zuordnen? Wie sind, verglichen etwa mit den USA, wo Gerichte und Medien die Aufklärung sexuellen Missbrauchs in der Kirche vorantreiben oder dem staatlichen Engagement in Irland, die Zurückhaltung der deutschen Politik oder das Agieren der katholischen Kirche zu bewerten? Welche Perspektiven ergeben sich aus den zahlreichen Missbrauchsfällen für Staat, Gesellschaft und die katholische Kirche selbst, besonders aber für die Rechte und Erwartungen Betroffener? Viel zu lange, resümiert Großbölting, sei es um den Schutz der Institution und der Täter gegangen." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"The review found that while there is a growing global body of evidence around effective education programming to prevent child sexual exploitation and abuse (CSEA), much of the available evidence is from high income countries (HICs) and largely focuses on programmes which address offline rather tha
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n online abuse. The evidence that does exist on prevention of online CSEA is also from HICs, is of low quality overall and tends to focus on whether the intervention enhanced knowledge rather than changed behaviour. Further, as Internet use amongst children varies between high income and low income countries, it is important to be cautious in applying lessons learned across different contexts. Although online and offline CSEA are closely linked, it was also found that there is often an artificial division, with programmes tending to look at only online or only offline CSEA. Therefore, there is limited evidence of how programmes impact on both online and offline CSEA. In the East Asia and Pacific region, the evidence base on what works to tackle CSEA in education programming is at an early stage in scope and scale. Few comprehensive assessments or evaluations of education programmes tackling CSEA have taken place and/or are publicly available. It is also unclear whether majority of existing interventions are being evaluated and whether they were designed using evidence-informed theories of change methodology. Despite the constraints faced, this review draws on promising global and regional practice, emerging lessons and findings from available data on online risks, to highlight key factors to consider in the development of effective educational materials in East Asia and the Pacific." (Executive summary)
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"The number of manuscripts (peer-reviewed articles and grey literature) related to the use of C4D approaches to address VAC has steadily increased each year since 2000. Of the 302 manuscripts that were coded, 44 per cent discuss an intervention implemented in a developing country, which speaks to th
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e geographic robustness of this review. A greater proportion of manuscripts discuss interventions in urban contexts as compared to rural contexts. Roughly half of the interventions reviewed do not explicitly reference a conceptual model to underpin the interventions. Those that do, typically cite individual or cognitive conceptual models and a majority (over 80 per cent) focus on the individual level of change. About 11 per cent use community approaches and slightly less than 10 per cent report using an ecological approach. While cognitive and individual-based behaviour change approaches are valid and useful in certain contexts, there is a growing realization that individuals are embedded within a larger social system. Effective interventions must keep in mind the interactions between levels in order to effectuate sustainable change. The social ecological model provides a framework to address the interactions between levels. Interventions that cut across the levels of the social ecological model should work towards addressing social, emotional, and behavioural skills (for example, self-efficacy) of individuals and groups, as well as norms, instead of only addressing individual knowledge and attitudes. Manuscripts reviewed did not necessarily explicitly state the use of C4D approaches. However, upon closer examination, it became apparent that the majority of responses to VAC were inherently communicative. Programmes addressing VAC often use C4D approaches to reduce harmful practices using a ‘harm reduction’ framework. Often in these cases, programme objectives focus on the negative, whereas C4D messages for the same intervention focus on positive changes. Overall programme objectives should be linked to communication objectives, which in turn yield C4D messages." (Executive summary, page 9)
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"This study addresses the issue of children who are victims of violence and mistreatment due to local beliefs, representations and practices, in particular, relating to witchcraft. While the harmful consequences of these beliefs have been publicised internationally, their origins often remain unclea
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r. The objective of the present document, therefore, is to reveal and analyze the diversity and complexity of these phenomena - often falsely associated with “African tradition” - related to beliefs in witchcraft and the “mystical” world. Using examples from sub-Saharan Africa, the study aims to clarify the basis for certain social practices that are wholly or partially misunderstood by western observers. This ignorance of local social norms, creates a gulf of misunderstanding between local social actors and the international framework of norms. Behaviours commonly associated with accusations of witchcraft include violence, mistreatment, abuse, infanticide and the abandonment of children. From a western perspective, such practices are violations of the rights of children. The objective of this study is to understand both the complexity and the variety of the phenomena described, as well as the causes, which are not only cultural and social, but also economic and political. The study targets child protection agencies and aims to promote better understanding of local representations and beliefs, as well as to provide guidance on effective child protection interventions." (Executive summary)
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