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European and International Media Law

Jan Oster

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2017), lxx, 583 pp.

"This book is the first to incorporate current academic literature on European, transnational, and international media law into a comprehensive overview intended primarily for students. It introduces the legal framework for globalised communication via mass media, and considers the transformative ef ... more

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Case Study on ICT and Human Rights (Policies of EU)

Rikke Frank Jørgensen, Anja Møller Pedersen, Wolfgang Benedek, Reinmar Nindler

European Commission (2017), x, 95 pp.

"The first part of the study focuses on the EU’s internal policies in the field of online content regulation. Drawing on case-studies of three EU directives – Directive 2000/31/EC on e-commerce, Directive 2011/93/EU on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child porn ... ography and Directive 2004/48/EC on intellectual property rights enforcement – the study seeks to illustrate how dealing with alleged illegal content through blocking, filtering and take-down of content within co- and self-regulatory frameworks shaped around ‘Internet intermediaries’ challenge freedom of expression and information. The directives presuppose, accept or encourage self-regulation and, combined with schemes of limited liability, subject the intermediaries to an increasing pressure to implement public policy in the online domain. However, these practices and their limitations to freedom of expression are rarely framed as human rights issues, nor do they have the required safeguards. Based on analysis of the EU directives, the study explores the weaknesses – seen from a human rights perspective – of the European approach towards tackling illegal content on the Internet. The study provides a number of suggestions to ensure that the EU addresses the human rights implications of co- and self-regulation, including the strengthening of safeguards and guidance for Member States and intermediaries to implement the said EU policy. Also, the study calls for a comprehensive EU freedom of expression and information framework, covering both its internal and external policy. In line with this, the EU should consider the freedom of expression and information implications of current and new policies when reviewing them according to the Digital Single Market Strategy. The second part addresses the external policies of the EU with a focus on the protection and support of Human Rights Defenders using digital means (‘Digital Defenders’). For this purpose, EU policies and instruments of relevance for Digital Defenders are analysed, including the implementation of the Internet Freedom Strategy and the No Disconnect Strategy. The programmes under the European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights are reviewed with respect to their relevance for human rights activities online, taking into account the recent EU Guidelines on Freedom of Expression Online and Offline. This part of the study also explores the related issues of the safety of journalists (which are often citizen journalists), export control of surveillance technology by the EU Member States and the cooperation with other international organisations active in the field of online rights. Proposals are offered on how to improve the general environment for Digital Defenders and their right to freedom of expression and information, and how to improve the coherence of EU action in this field. The newly created Human Rights Defenders Mechanism can play a pivotal role in this regard, as could updated EU Guidelines on human rights defenders." (Executive summary) more

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The Routledge Companion to Media and Human Rights

Howard Tumber, Silvio R. Waisbord (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2017), xix, 520 pp.

"The Companion is the first collection to bring together two distinct ways of thinking about human rights and media, including scholarship that examines media as a human right alongside that which looks at media coverage of human rights issues. This international collection of 49 newly written piece ... more

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WorldCat (23)

Liria e shprehjes dhe fyerja

Tarlach McGonagle et al.

Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2016), 72 pp.

"Ky studim shqyrton hollësitë e jurisprudencës së Gjykatës Evropiane të të Drejtave të Njeriut për fyerjen. Ai eksploron një gamë çështjesh materiale dhe procedurore që ka marrë në shqyrtim gjykata dhe sqaron konceptin e fyerjes duke e parë në raport me lirinë e shprehjes dhe deba ... more

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Writing on the Wall: Disappeared Booksellers and Free Expression in Hong Kong

Hong Kong: PEN AMERICA (2016), 71 pp.

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Desecrating Expression: An Account of Freedom of Expression and Religion in Asia

Gayatri Khandhadai

Bytes for All; Asian Forum for Human Rights & Development; Global Partners Digital (2016), 80 pp.

"This report outlines the international human rights standards and processes related the protection of freedom of expression and religious belief, and discusses regional trends and challenges. The nine country case studies include the stories of many people across the region struggling to defend fre ... more

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Blurring the Lines: Market-Driven and Democracy-Driven Freedom of Expression

Maria Edström, Andrew T. Kenyon, Eva-Maria Svensson (eds.)

Göteborg: Nordicom (2016), 206 pp.

"Blurring the Lines: Market-Driven and Democracy-Driven Freedom of Expression focuses on challenges from the market to free speech and how free speech can be protected, promoted and developed when lines between journalism and advertising are blurred. With contributions from 20 scholars in law, media ... more

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Privacy, Free Expression and Transparency: Redefining Their New Boundaries in the Digital Age

Joseph A. Cannataci, Bo Zhao, Gemma Torras Vives, Shara Monteleone, Jeanne Mifsud Bonnici, Evgeni Moyakine

Paris: UNESCO (2016), 139 pp.

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A Shadow Over Democracy: 2016 IPI/AMI Zambia Press Freedom Mission Report

Steven M. Ellis

Vienna; Nairobi: International Press Institute (IPI); African Media Initiative (AMI) (2016), 23 pp.

"Voters need and deserve to hear a full range of voices as they decide their future and 'The Post' has played a vital role in providing an alternative to government-dominated mass media in Zambia. Unshackling that voice is critical if Zambians are to vote in an atmosphere that can be deemed free and ... more

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Freedom of Expression and Defamation

Tarlach McGonagle

Onur Andreotti (ed.)

Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2016), 77 pp.

"This study examines the voluminous case law of the European Court of Human Rights (“The Court”) relating to freedom of expression and defamation. It starts by clarifying the concept of defamation and positioning it in relation to freedom of expression and public debate. It explains how defamati ... more

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Hate Speech and Democratic Citizenship

Eric Heinze

Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press (2016), xiii, 248 pp.

"Contrary to dominant views within international law and institutions, it is never democratically legitimate to punish citizens solely for repulsive or dangerous viewpoints expressed within public discourse. With the controversial exception of the US, however, most states prohibit some forms of raci ... more

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Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 1
Key Guidance

Top Insights

Justine Limpitlaw

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2016), xxviii, 293 pp.

"Volume 1 of the Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa is a practical guide for journalists practicing in Burundi, Eritrea and Ethiopia. The handbook not only contains a comprehensive overview of applicable media laws for each country reviewed, it also contains suggestions on possible law reforms to ... more

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The Value of Freedom of Expression and Information on Countries' Human Rights Performance: A Cross-National Longitudinal Study
Top Insights

Aimei Yang, Rong Wang

Mass Communication & Society, volume 19, issue 3 (2016), pp. 352-376

"The current study explores the influence of communication variables on human rights protection. The effects of international and domestic mass communication and digital media were assessed among global social, economic, and political factors. The statistical analyses on a sample of 101 nation state ... more

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Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2
Key Guidance

Top Insights

Justine Limpitlaw

Johannesburg: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2016), xxiv, pp. 295-627

"Volume 2 of the Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa is a practical guide for journalists practising in Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda. The handbook not only contains a comprehensive overview of applicable media laws for each country reviewed, it also contains suggestions on possible law reforms to impr ... more

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Journalism at Risk: Threats, Challenges and Perspectives

Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2015), 272 pp.

"Is journalism under threat? The image of journalists, as helmeted war correspondents protected by bullet-proof vests and armed only with cameras and microphones, springs to mind. Physical threats are only the most visible dangers, however. Journalists and journalism itself are facing other threats ... more

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Google Scholar (27)

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The United Nations and Freedom of Expression and Information: Critical Perspectives
Top Insights

Tarlach McGonagle, Yvonne Donders (eds.)

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2015), xxiv, 508 pp.

"There are a multitude of UN legal instruments which pertain to the rights of freedom of expression and information, and this book is the first to comprehensively map them and their function. It details the chequered history of both rights within the UN system and evaluates the suitability of the sy ... more

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Can Tanzania’s News Media Maintain Popular Support for Watchdog Role?

Rose Aiko

Afrobarometer (2015), 13 pp.

"Tanzanians express near-unanimous satisfaction with the degree of freedom of expression in the country: 96% of respondents in 2014 say they feel somewhat or completely free to say what they think. Two-thirds (65%) say the media should scrutinize the government and report on corruption and mistakes. ... more

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Keystones to Foster Inclusive Knowledge Societies: Access to Information and Knowledge, Freedom of Expression, Privacy, and Ethics on a Global Internet

Paris: UNESCO (2015), 107 pp.

"UNESCO’s vision of universal Knowledge Societies builds on a free, open and trusted Internet that enables people to not only have the ability to access information resources from around the world, but to also contribute information and knowledge to local and global communities. What can UNESCO do ... more

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Expression Restricted: An Account of Online Expression in Pakistan

Asad Baig, Sadaf Khan

Bytes for All; Association for Progressive Communications (APC); APC Impact (2015), 37 pp.

"How is freedom of expression in Pakistan’s digital spaces governed? What protections do journalists and bloggers enjoy? What is censored and how conducive is the environment for political and religious expression online? This research looks at these questions within the premise of an internationa ... more

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Media Indicators 2015: A Thorough Study from a Journalists’ Point of View on Kosovo’s Media Freedom and Conditions

Civil Rights Defenders (2015), 56 pp.

"The main objective of the study was to determine and examine the perception of journalists in Kosovo on freedom of media, based on 27 indicators of the European Council. The analysis is categorized in six sectors, covering all areas of the study that pertain significant information on the perceptio ... more

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 1 Key Guidance Top Insights

The Value of Freedom of Expression and Information on Countries' Human Rights Performance: A Cross-National Longitudinal Study Top Insights

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2 Key Guidance Top Insights

The United Nations and Freedom of Expression and Information: Critical Perspectives Top Insights

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 1
Key Guidance

Top Insights

The Value of Freedom of Expression and Information on Countries' Human Rights Performance: A Cross-National Longitudinal Study
Top Insights

Media Law Handbook for Eastern Africa, Vol. 2
Key Guidance

Top Insights

The United Nations and Freedom of Expression and Information: Critical Perspectives
Top Insights