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Standardization of AI Ethics: Stakeholders, Values and Profit

Nicholas Kluge Corrêa, Julia Maria Mönig (eds.)

Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2026), 161 pp.

"[...] what a certification could look like is only one of the questions that should be asked when discussing ethical certification of AI. Furthermore, how all potentially concerned parties (stakeholders) can be included, which values might be affected, and what this means for those actors who (righ ... tfully) need and want to profit from AI applications were central questions that the philosophy team of the KI. NRW-flagship project „Zertifizierte KI“ (Certified AI) investigated. Further key questions raised in the contributions and throughout the project period include: Can ethics be standardized? Who audits the auditors? How can auditing institutions be aligned with actual societal concerns? What can an assessment look like for a specific area (e.g., human resources)? How are law and ethics intertwined? Which contribution can philosophy provide, now that there is a European regulation on Artificial Intelligence (e.g., in the discussion whether robots in elderly care should be considered as deceptive technology under the AI Act)? Finally, what role do standardization bodies play in ensuring trustworthy AI? Answers to these questions are presented in this book, as well as in the project’s central outcomes: the 'Catalogue of General Ethical Requirements for AI Certification' and the 'Catalogue of Field-Specific Requirements for AI Certification'. The 'Catalogue of General Ethical Requirements for AI Certification' provides a structured framework for trustworthy AI development, identifying overarching ethical requirements for AI certification and outlining six ethical values: fairness, privacy, robustness, sustainability, transparency, and truthfulness. For each value, the project team researched existing tools, metrics, and approaches to help developers, programmers, and other practitioners build trustworthy AI systems. The 'Catalogue of Field-Specific Requirements for AI Certification' offers a list of requirements, an ethical stakeholder analysis, and a discussion of potential value tensions for six exemplary fields: arts, biometric profiling, industry and critical infrastructure, law enforcement, medicine and care and social media, a list of requirements, an ethical stakeholder analyses and a discussion of potential value tensions. The volume at hand collects the contributions to the final conference of the sub-project philosophy of the KI.NRW-Flagship-Projekt “Zertifizierte KI”. (Introduction, pages 11-12) more

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Reinventing Humanitarian Aid Procurement for the Age of AI

Giulio Coppi

Access Now (2026), 59 pp.

"Our research reveals that the organisational use of AI and algorithmic systems often happens through a process of unstructured integration rather than formal adoption. More precisely, cloud-based, algorithmic-enhanced functionalities and processes are making their way into humanitarian entitiesʼ t ... ech stack through updates and add-ons to preexisting products, slowly but inexorably seeping into most internal systems. A price-based procurement process designed around the static idea of digital asset purchase is inadequate to ensure adequate protection from hyperdynamic tech product development. This is especially evident looking at the growing power imbalances between private actors and nonprofits, and among nonprofits themselves. Digital technology is often heralded as key to democratise and equalise the playing field between humanitarian actors, by finally unlocking local actorsʼ access to resources traditionally reserved for international entities. But emerging trends seem to disprove such claims. The lack of adequate legal frameworks and safeguards, lagging investments in humanitarian funding for information and communication technology (ICT) resources and connectivity, and inadequate dedicated funding for digital programmes are thwarting these opportunities. More broadly, virtuous and responsible procurement practices are proving inadequate for protecting human rights alone, as tech companiesʼ commitments to human rights are replaced by defence-oriented pitches and the size of their human rights teams keeps shrinking. Preexisting digital divides are enhanced by several deep and subtle changes in traditional tech business models, resulting from the gradual cloudification of most common digital systems and the fast-paced, distributed nature of modern digital development. Even more worryingly, we are seeing new forms of digital divide well beyond the traditional gaps in digital capacity between local and small non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) or UN entities. Cloud-based companiesʼ takeover of generic coordination platforms creates a constantly broadening chasm between the few organisations that are digitally mature, those who are barely retrofitting their processes to fit the new reality, and the broad majority forced to access the promised land of digital humanitarianism through the predatory gates of algorithmic and cloud servicesʼ free tech licensing. Our findings highlight how organisation-led digital development, building on open-source systems (despite some “openwashing” practices) and trusted external providers, remains the best option for risk reduction when it comes to algorithmic systems. However, in the short to medium term, this might not be financially and technically feasible for the majority of humanitarian actors, especially considering the catastrophic funding environment. To fill this gap, we propose a toolkit in an appendix to this report. This is a foundational governance model for transforming digital procurement from a transactional into a strategic business function, integrated across key organisational departments. By doing so, protection-mandated aid groups could move from running purchase-centred processes, to adopting a dynamic, proactive, and rights-based approach to tech management. This report also contains a set of recommendations for states and donors, the humanitarian community, tech companies, local aid actors and communities, research centres, and cyber experts." (Executive summary, pages 2-3) more

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Understanding China through Digital Anthropology

Daniel Miller, Xinyuan Wang (eds.)

London: UCL Press (2026), xviii, 305 pp.

"Understanding China through Digital Anthropology questions our understanding of digital technologies by demonstrating fundamental differences in the meaning of both technology and the digital between China and the West. This follows from a longstanding historical divergence in the meaning of and at ... more

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Ethik der Digitalisierung

Hauke Behrendt

Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2026), 347 pp.

"Künstliche Intelligenz, Big Data und die zunehmende Vernetzung stellen uns vor zahlreiche Herausforderungen. Hauke Behrendt wirft einen moralphilosophischen Blick auf den digitalen Wandel und diskutiert unter anderem die Risiken algorithmengestützter Prognose- und Entscheidungssysteme in Bezug au ... more

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Investigating AI datasets: A journalist's guide

Kathleen Siminyu, Christo Buschek

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2025)

"Algorithms today are more complex than ever. With the rise of large language models (LLMs), they have become increasingly unexplainable and non-deterministic. Even experts often fail to understand why an algorithm yields a particular outcome. It is through the datasets used to train those algorithm ... more

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Just Hiring! How to counter discrimination in AI-powered software for recruitment. A toolkit for software developers

M. Daviet, N. Baranowska, A. Mueller, C. Rus, C. Castillo, J. Saldivar, A. Gatzioura

FINDHR Fairness and Intersectional Non-Discrimination in Human Recommendation (2025), 86 pp.

"In this Toolkit, we offer introductory information and technical recommendations on how to mitigate the risk of discrimination in software development of systems used for recruitment. This Toolkit addresses software developers and product managers working or interested in this field, and it intends ... more

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Medienkompetenz für die digitale Welt: Ein praktischer Wegweiser

Claudia Mertens, Melanie Basten, Jule Günter, Anna Oldak, Franziska Schaper, Anne Trapp

Bielefeld: transcript Verlag; Bielefeld University Press (2025), 260 pp.

"In einer Zeit, in der neue Technologien und Künstliche Intelligenz allgegenwärtig sind, erweist sich der souveräne Umgang mit digitalen Medien als unerlässliche Schlüsselkompetenz. Der Einstiegskurs bietet einen umfassenden Einblick in vielfältige Dimensionen digitaler Medienkompetenz und bef ... more

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Artificial Intelligence and Evaluation: Emerging Technologies and Their Implications for Evaluation

Steffen Bohni Nielsen, Francesco Mazzeo Rinaldi, Gustav Jakob Petersson (eds.)

Oxford: Routledge (2025), 330 pp.

"Artificial Intelligence and Evaluation: Emerging Technologies and Their Implications for Evaluation is a groundbreaking exploration of how the landscape of program evaluation will be redefined by artificial intelligence and other emerging digital technologies. In an era where digital technologies a ... more

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Patterns of Inclusion: How Gender Matters for Automation, Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work

Elisabeth Kelan

Oxford; 9781032669892 (pbk): Routledge (2025), xiv, 169 pp.

"It is widely presumed that digitalisation, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) shape the future of work. Yet gender is rarely considered in those debates. This path-breaking book, written by a leading thinker on gender, inclusion and organisations, Elisabeth Kelan, is based on in-depth rese ... more

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The Palgrave Handbook of Global Digital Journalism

Bruce Mutsvairo, Kristin Skare Orgeret (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2025), xxi, 444 pp.

"This book responds to mounting calls to broaden the theorization of digital journalism, addressing critical questions about an emerging yet rapidly expanding area of study, and presenting multiple entry points and approaches that help us understand digital journalism better. Seeking to establish it ... more

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Just Hiring! How to counter discrimination in AI-assisted recruiting at the governance level. A toolkit for policymakers

M. Daviet, A. Mueller, N. Baranowska, G. Meijers, C. Castillo, J. Saldivar, A. Gatzioura

FINDHR Fairness and Intersectional Non-Discrimination in Human Recommendation (2025), 67 pp.

"In this Toolkit, we offer introductory information and concrete recommendations on how to mitigate the risk of discrimination in algorithmic hiring systems on a governance level. This Toolkit addresses policymakers and people working in regulatory bodies, as well as civil society organisations inte ... more

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Engines of Order: A Mechanology of Algorithmic Techniques

Bernhard Rieder

Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press (2025), 351 pp.

"Software has become a key component of contemporary life and algorithms that rank, classify, or recommend are everywhere. Building on the philosophy of Gilbert Simondon and the cultural techniques tradition, this book examines the constructive and cumulative character of software and retraces the h ... more

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Human Development and the Data Revolution
Deep Insights

Sanna Ojanperä, Eduardo López, Mark Graham (eds.)

Oxford: Oxford University Press (2025), xi, 294 pp.

"Human Development and the Data Revolution tackles a topic that in the age of data and digitalization has become timely in global development: what are the potential uses of large-scale data in the contexts of development, in particular, what techniques, data sources, and possibilities exist for har ... more

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The Platform Question: Power, Accountability, and the Global South. An Anthology

Raina Ghosh, Maitri Singh, Arpita Kanjilal (eds.)

Centre for Development Policy and Practice; ARISE Community and Digital Empowerment Foundation (2025), 159 pp.

"This anthology is the result of a global collaboration among scholars, practitioners, and activists who come together to reflect on the expanding role of platforms in an increasingly digitized world. As platformization reshapes economies, politics, and everyday interactions, it brings with it new f ... more

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Zwischen Wertschätzung und Widerstand: Algorithmische Kompetenz junger Menschen am Beispiel der Kurzvideoplattform TikTok

Leonie Alatassi, Sascha Hölig, Philipp Kessling

Hamburg: Hans-Bredow-Institut (2025), 64 pp.

"In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, was Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene über die Funktionsweise des algorithmischen Empfehlungssystems (AES) von TikTok wissen, inwiefern sie damit interagieren und welche Emotionen dabei involviert sind. Dazu wurden sechs Fokusgruppen (n=31) in drei deuts ... chen Großstädten mit jungen Menschen im Alter zwischen 16 und 24 Jahren sowie Follow-up-Einzelinterviews (n=12) durchgeführt. Es zeigt sich ein übergreifend hohes Bewusstsein für algorithmische Empfehlung bei TikTok als erlebter Zustand („knowing“), der sich aus der eigenen Nutzungserfahrung ergibt. Es gibt altersbezogene Unterschiede beim Wissen um Einflussfaktoren und insgesamt ein begrenztes Wissen zur Datensammlung und -verarbeitung sowie damit einhergehend geringe Bedenken und Reflexionen über die Preisgabe personenbezogener Daten. Such-, Video-, Profil- und Sozialinteraktionen sind in die alltägliche Nutzung der Plattform eingebettet und finden größtenteils unbewusst, ohne explizite Steuerungsabsicht, statt. Die Teilnehmenden können innerhalb der von der Plattform vorgegebenen Strukturen agieren und Handlungsziele durchsetzen, erleben die (technischen) Grenzen jedoch als kaum beeinflussbar. Häufig fehlen Wissen und Motivation, um tiefergehende Einstellungen, etwa zum Datenschutz, der personalisierten Suche oder Profileinstellungen, aktiv zu verändern. Emotionen spielen in der Interaktion mit der For-You-Page (FYP) eine große Rolle. Die Teilnehmenden erleben positive Gefühle der Wertschätzung, indem der Algorithmus als personalisierter Begleiter erlebt wird, der individuelle Vorlieben erkennt, inspiriert und das Nutzungserlebnis angenehm gestaltet. Gleichzeitig entstehen negative Emotionen wie Genervtheit, Unbehagen oder Kontrollverlust, insbesondere bei unpassenden Inhalten, einer wahrgenommenen Übersteuerung durch den Algorithmus oder der eigenen Nutzungsdauer. Diese Gefühle führen teils zu Widerstand in Form von aktiven Interaktionshandlungen oder zu selbstregulativen Strategien (z. B. Löschen der App) und sind Ausdruck eines Autonomiestrebens. Die Unterscheidung zwischen passiven Kontakten mit politischen Informationen auf TikTok (push: „ich schaue mir politische Videos an, die mir gezeigt werden“) und aktiven Informationshandlungen durch Kuratierungspraktiken wie das Liken von Videos, das Folgen und Nachschauen von Profilen oder die Nutzung der Suchfunktion (pull: „ich nutze die Plattform, um mich zu informieren“) ist essenziell. Grundsätzlich empfinden es die meisten Teilnehmenden als praktisch, wenn Nachrichten oder politische Themen in Form von kurzen Videos auf der FYP angezeigt werden, weil das passive Scannen dieser Inhalte das Gefühl erzeuge „auf dem aktuellsten Stand“ zu sein. Die wenigsten Teilnehmenden konsumieren gezielt politische Inhalte, indem sie nach Themen suchen, politische Videos favorisieren oder politische Profile anschauen und diesen folgen. Die Beschäftigung mit Nachrichten und Politik im Kontext der TikTok-Nutzung widerspricht dem Eskapismus- und Unterhaltungsbedürfnis vieler Teilnehmender. Es gibt eine Grundskepsis gegenüber TikTok, die sich zum einen auf das Image der Plattform, „nicht vertrauenswürdig“ zu sein, stützt, und zum anderen auf die Angst vor „falschen Informationen“ und die damit zusammenhängende Wahrnehmung, dass es sich bei TikTok nicht um eine „seriöse“ Quelle, sondern eine reine Unterhaltungsplattform handle." (Überblick über die wichtigsten Ergebnisse, Seite 5) more

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TikTok: Prekäre Plattform

Die Politische Meinung, volume 70, issue 592 (2025), pp. 20-89

"Mit rund 1,5 Milliarden monatlichen Nutzern ist TikTok ein globaler Kommunikationsraum – und ein geopolitisches Machtinstrument. Die Plattform steht mit im Zentrum der Rivalität zwischen den USA und China. Washington drängt auf eine Abspaltung vom chinesischen Mutterkonzern ByteDance, während ... more

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Countering Disinformation Effectively: An Evidence-Based Policy Guide
Key Guides

Jon Bateman, Dean Jackson

Washinton, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (2024), vii, 119 pp.

"This report offers a high-level, evidence-informed guide to some of the major proposals for how democratic governments, platforms, and others can counter disinformation. It distills core insights from empirical research and real-world data on ten diverse kinds of policy interventions, including fac ... more

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Contesting personalized recommender systems: A cross-country analysis of user preferences

Christopher Starke, Ljubisa Metikos, Natali Helberger, Claes de Vreese

Information, Communication & Society (2024), 20 pp.

"Very Large Online Platforms (VLOPs) such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube wield substantial influence over digital information flows using sophisticated algorithmic recommender systems (RS). As these systems curate personalized content, concerns have emerged about their propensity to amplify polar ... more

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25 estándares para una internet más transparente en Colombia

Observacom; El Veinte; UNESCO (2024), 9 pp.

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Mapping Scholarship on Algorithmic Bias: Conceptualization, Empirical Results, and Ethical Concerns

Seungahn Nah, Jun Luo, Jungseock Joo

International Journal of Communication, volume 18 (2024), pp. 548-569

"As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more seamlessly integrated into our social life, the unfair outcomes and ethical issues associated with AI and its subtechnologies have been widely discussed in scholarly work across disciplines in recent years. This study provides an overview of the conceptu ... more

Human Development and the Data Revolution Deep Insights

Countering Disinformation Effectively: An Evidence-Based Policy Guide Key Guides

Human Development and the Data Revolution
Deep Insights

Countering Disinformation Effectively: An Evidence-Based Policy Guide
Key Guides