"This report looks at how countries in Western Europe, in particular Sweden, Germany and the UK have developed press councils or complaints commissions and analyses recent initiatives in five countries of South East Europe aimed at improving journalistic standards and establishing some form of media
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self-regulation. Developments in Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania and Slovenia are explored through the testimonies of key stakeholders in the process: media owners, editors, journalists and non-governmental organisations. As the key findings and recommendations of the research reveal, there is no single fit-all model of media self-regulation that can be easily transferred from one country to another, but there are fundamental principles, which should be observed and useful lessons that can be learned." (Executive summary, page 6)
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"De facto ist die Bundesrepublik ein Einwanderungsland geworden. Viele Institutionen und offizielle Repräsentanten verschließen sich dieser Tatsache jedoch bis heute. Die vorliegende Publikation zielt darauf, den Verantwortlichen in Politik, Wirtschaft und Kultur ein Sachwissen zu liefern, um die
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Medienstrukturen an die sozio-kulturelle Realität anpassen zu können. Dazu wird ein breiter Überblick über den Stand der verschiedenen Forschungsansätze gegeben. Grundlage dabei bilden die Ergebnisse, die das Forschungsprojekt "Mediale Integration ethnischer Minderheiten in Deutschland, den USA und Kanada an den Universitäten Dortmund und Siegen zwischen 2002 und 2004" erbracht hat. Die den Einzelbeiträgen zugrundeliegende Frage lautet, wie sich der Medienumbruch am Übergang zum 21. Jahrhundert, vor allen Dingen durch Internet und Satellitenfernsehen, auf die öffentliche Kommunikation zwischen Mehrheitskultur und ethnischen Minderheiten in Deutschland auswirkt. Weitere Schwerpunkte bilden die "mediale Integration", die Frage nach dem Verhältnis ethnischer Minderheiten zu den deutschen Massenmedien, die sogenannten "Ethnomedien" sowie die Mediennutzung ethnischer Minderheiten." (Abstract ifa-Bibliothek Stuttgart)
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"In Africa the press has frequently been used as a tool of propaganda, serving the interests of the government and ruling party. Government regulations, where they exixted, were designed to exclude independent voices. However a free and responsible press is in the interests of all people in Africa.
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Increasingly the media have taken the initiative to practise voluntary self-regulation, and a number of associations have already been created. Their aim is to create codes of conduct and professional rules. Based on a sound ethics of information, the hope is that a thoroughly professional media will come into being. In this book, with the support of the European Union and in collaboration with the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) and the Observatory of Ivory Coast (OLPED), GRET has approached the issue with two aims: to explain the elements of self-regulation of the media, and to publicise the experiences of Africa." (Cover)
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"Ethics and Journalism provides a comprehensive overview of the main approaches to ethical enquiry in Western journalism. It examines the ethical dilemmas faced by journalists in all areas of the media and sets out ways of achieving ethical journalism. Ethics and Journalism explores such subjects as
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: private lives and the public interest, relations to sources and coverage of death, disease and destruction; examines the role of regulation and self-regulation of the media industry; discusses strategies of good journalism; thoroughly examines the role of industry codes." (Publisher description)
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Dans nombre de pays africains, la liberté de la presse est encore toute relative, et surtout vulnérable, menacée par le pouvoir ou fragilisée par les excès dont les médias eux-mêmes se rendent coupables. Dans ce contexte sont apparues les premières instances africaines d'autorégulation des
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médias, visant à faire respecter la déontologie, à forger dans l'esprit des journalistes une éthique de l'information et à engager la presse dans une dynamique de professionnalisation. En charge d'un programme d'appui aux instances africaines d’autorégulation financé par l'Union européenne, en collaboration avec la Fédération internationale des journalistes (Fij), l'Union des journalistes de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (UJAO) et l'Observatoire ivoirien (Observatoire de la liberté de la presse, de l'éthique et de la déontologie - Olped), le Gret a travaillé sur la question dans un objectif double : apporter des références sur l'autorégulation des médias et donner un éclairage sur les expériences naissantes en Afrique. Dans une première partie sont présentées les approches de l'autorégulation et différents mécanismes utilisés par les médias dans plusieurs pays du monde. La deuxième partie est consacrée aux instances africaines. Elle expose le fonctionnement de l'Observatoire béninois (Odem), analysant ses acquis et difficultés, puis étudie les défis à relever pour des instances qui, si elles veulent remplir pleinement leur mission, doivent se pérenniser.
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"In this study the author presents self-regulation as a part of a wider subject, that is, freedom of speech, arguing that self-regulation does not intrude on this freedom beyond the limits set by democracy, and that, compared to legislative solution, it is a much more friendly way of implementing th
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e principle that one person's freedom is limited by another person's freedom. What is important is that the media are aware of the power they enjoy. The author gives several examples that illustrate where abuse of that unruly power can lead and argues that it is much better if media themselves hold it at bay and thus avert state's interference with an intention of compelling them to do so. The book recapitulates various views on media accountability and mechanisms reinforcing it, already widely discussed in public. It also looks into the current state of affairs in Slovenia despite the risk that time and further developments in this field may soon cancel out present conclusions. The frame of debate on the establishment of a press council in Slovenia could serve as a useful example for others. The existing Ethics Commission in Slovenia, whose past performance could have paved the way for an elaborate form of self-regulation, unfortunately proved to be an obstacle. The idea about a tripartite press council arose in some a feeling that a press council would be set against the ethics commission itself, even though, to the contrary, it could primarily advance the present work of this commission. The study therefore does not argue that existing ethics commission is needless, but rather points to the ideas about co-regulation that have recently emerged in the EU. They could lead to the shifting of the center, meaning that voluntary self-regulation, which advances media accountability and through it also professional conduct, could be taken away from the media and placed in the hands of users. The protection of professional standards would thus be transformed into the protection of consumer rights." (Summary, page 7)
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"The SADC Protocol on Culture, Information and Sport is undoubtedly a very bold step by governments in the region to harmonise their laws and policies in ways that would promote media freedom and create enabling conditions for the free flow of information. However, some provisions of the protocol re
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nege on the same noble ideas the governments seek to advance. The protocol raises two major concerns, which are: the accreditation of journalists and the introduction of a code of ethics. Instead of leaving the journalism profession to regulate itself, the protocol hints at governments playing a hand in the regulation of media and journalists. Legislated regulation of the media has a very negative effect on media freedom. The region has already witnessed several attempts to have journalists licensed and registered which led ultimately to closure of newspapers and the arrest and criminalizing of journalists for working without a registration. Any attempt, therefore, to have the registration and code of ethics dictated or regulated by the government is an affront to media freedom. Journalists should be free to set up self-regulatory structures without interference from government. Accreditation should be done by journalists’ bodies and should be recognized by government structures." (Preface)
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"In this book we present the operating methods of Internet Hotlines and argue that they are essential instruments for the limiting of illegal content on the Internet. The Hotline can take on a central role within a self-regulation system involving the state, media supervisory bodies, the Internet in
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dustry and Internet users, not just as a channel of communication but also as a means of evaluating problematic Internet content. This publication discusses various organizational structures and procedures adopted by Hotlines, and outlines minimum required standards that guarantee that Internet Hotlines are recognized as enhancing and supporting law enforcement, and can thereby contribute to the effective combating of problematic Internet contents." (www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de)
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"Dans des paysages institutionnels en mutation, la régulation des relations entre acteurs constitue un enjeu majeur. En Afrique, la création d’instances nationales de régulation en réponse à la multiplication de nouveaux médias l’illustre bien. Dans quelles conditions un arbitrage légitim
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e peut-il émerger ? Sur quelles bases institutionnelles ? Avec quelles fonctions ? Comment appuyer la consolidation de telles instances en échappant au transfert des modèles (CSA ou autres) ? Telles sont les questions qui ont été abordées lors du séminaire organisé par le GRET en mars 1999. Le débat s’est organisé en trois temps : l’évolution du paysage des médias, la question de la régulation et ses enjeux, le projet d’appui au réseau des instances africaines de régulation des médias accompagné par le GRET." (Description de la maison d'édition)
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"Ce manuel est destiné à apporter aux journalistes et à leurs employeurs les données essentielles pour comprendre ou pratiquer un journalisme pertinent et responsable, respectueux des limites légales et morales nécessaires à l'exercice de cette profession, tout en dénonçant les abus dont il
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s sont régulièrement victimes. Il aidera également les professionnels désireux de faire action commune pour promouvoir ce journalisme, en organisant le secteur en syndicats et associations professionnelles." (Dos de couverture)
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