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Authors & Publishers
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1
Media focus
9995
4917
1424
774
768
700
645
601
252
205
Publication Years
3739
6552
3279
992
478
319
556
171
23
2
Methods applied
583
507
496
477
360
165
93
89
31
28
28
26
26
13
9
9
6
5
3
1
1
1
Journals
172
113
99
99
90
76
76
73
67
64
45
44
42
42
41
39
39
38
37
36
30
29
29
28
28
25
23
22
22
21
20
18
18
18
17
17
17
16
16
16
15
15
15
14
14
14
13
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13
13
12
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12
11
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10
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9
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5
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5
4
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4
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4
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4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
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3
3
3
3
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3
3
3
3
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3
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3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
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2
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2
2
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2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1
Output Type
10473
4292
3509
714
240
194
175
24
Public Money? Public Code! A Basic Guide to Open Source for Governments and Civil Society
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2022), 25 pp.
"The FNF Global Innovation Hub published in 2022 this guide using easily understandable language and examples of daily scenario that civil servants and the public encounter to help readers to painlessly grasp technical terms such as open source, FLOSS software, and open standard. Also, the Guide exp
...
lains why Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) is the key to improve transparency, accountability, accessibility, and effectiveness of public digital service. It enables readers to establish Public Money? Public Code! as the mindset of perceiving public digital service: If a public digital service is built by using tax payers’ money, it should be supervised and examined by them as all public infrastructure. Finally, the Guide also provides practical policy recommendations on enhancing the use of FLOSS in governments." (Publisher description)
more
A Taxonomy of Internet Shutdowns: The Technologies Behind Network Interference
Key Guides
Access Now (2022), 45 pp.
"In this paper, we outline each of the various technical mechanisms for implementing a shutdown, and the options for mitigating each type. Our hope is that technologists and civil society groups working to end shutdowns will find this a useful technical resource to understand, prepare for, circumven
...
t, and help document deliberate network disruptions." (Introduction)
more
Community Media in Sub-Saharan Africa. Part 1: Community Media for Community Development and Change
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2022), 8 pp.
"The transformative development potential of community radio is vast. This paper presents examples of changes generated by communities shaping the narrative and their future direction. It also explores what needs to be in place for community radio to achieve its potential, namely, an enabling enviro
...
nment through a legal framework and fair and transparent regulations. A discussion of three sustainability-furthering frameworks is also included." (Cover)
more
Research Methodologies and Ethical Challenges in Digital Migration Studies: Caring for (big) Data?
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2022), xvi, 262 pp.
"This OA book investigates the methodological and ethical dilemmas involved when working with digital technologies and large-scale datasets in relation to ethnographic studies of digital migration practices and trajectories. Digital technologies reshape not only every phase of the migration process
...
itself (by providing new ways to access, to share and preserve relevant information) but also the activities of other actors, from solidarity networks to border control agencies. In doing so, digital technologies create a whole new set of ethical and methodological challenges for migration studies: from data access to data interpretation, privacy protection, and research ethics more generally. Of specific concern are the aspects of digital migration researchers accessing digital platforms used by migrants, who are subject to precarious and insecure life circumstances, lack recognised papers and are in danger of being rejected and deported. Thus, the authors call for new modes of caring for (big) data when researching migrants' digital practices in the configuration of migration and borders. Besides taking proper care of research participants' privacy, autonomy, and security, this also spans carefully establishing analytically sustainable environments for the respective data sets. In doing so, the book argues that it is essential to carefully reflect on researchers' own positioning as being part of the challenge they seek to address." (Publisher description)
more
Counter digital revolution, disinformation, and journalistic constraints in Arab media
Journalism Research/Journalistik, volume 3, issue 5 (2022), pp. 234-252
"The spread of social media platforms ushered the beginning of an unprecedented communication era, which is borderless, immediate, widespread, and defies restrictions and censorship. Digital technology aided the spread of democracy and freedom of expression and helped to overthrow some Arab regimes
...
in 2011. At that time, it was believed that these platforms paved the way for democracy by allowing citizens to easily circumvent governmental censorship, and by facilitating communication, networking, and organization among activists, thus weakening authoritarian regimes. These assumptions were overly optimistic, as the detours in democratization and political reform in the Arab region over a decade later illustrate. This article tackles the exploitation of new media, and the laws and regulations governing them, by Arab authoritarian regimes to crack down on opponents, activists, and journalists, oftentimes under the mantle of fighting disinformation, using a plethora of techniques. It also illustrates how disinformation could spread rapidly through governmentally orchestrated campaigns via new communication tools, causing serious political consequences and high risks to activists and journalists, while aiding counter revolutions. The constraining implications of these complex phenomena on Arab journalism will be explored, especially in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic." (Abstract)
more
Strategic Planning: A Toolkit for Small NGOs
INTRAC (2022), 33 pp.
"The stories that make up this text offer an approach to the resistances and resiliencies that have arisen in Mexico, covering different manifestations of digital violence in the voices of people representing initiatives and communities that have been victimized through technologies that the state h
...
as used to persecute those who defend human rights or seek justice in our country. Through these experiences in common, we hope that more people will have access to the information that we, as members of organized civil society, share with each other to generate impact and accompaniment strategies. We hope that these experiences will inspire other projects that will allow us to confront this violence and transform the structures that govern us. In the following pages, we will share stories of abuse, dispossession and repression, but we will also share testimonies of dignity and resistance. In a country where impunity has been normalized in the face of the sociopolitical violence exercised by the state, it is necessary to name the different forms it takes in order to build and share strategies that allow us to confront it and protect our rights. We still have a long way to go in this search for justice; nevertheless, experience has also given us lessons on the importance of creating communities in order to advance down this road together. To create community, we need to build trust; to create resilience, we need to preserve memory." (Introduction, page 11-12)
more
Russian and African Media: Exercising Soft Power
Johannesburg: South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) (2022), 18 pp.
"[...] in recent years – particularly since the 2014 Ukraine conflict – Russia’s use of media to leverage broader influence campaigns has gained notoriety, both domestically and internationally. Russia’s state-owned media outlets are central to the Kremlin’s strategy and are drivers of its
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soft power in Africa. Services like Sputnik and RT (formerly Russia Today) find resonance among African editors. Building on anti-imperialist credentials and positioning itself as an alternative news source, state-owned media is able to provide a more balanced image of Russia in Africa, while combatting Western narratives. The Kremlin has successfully adapted to the digital age, broadening its operations to include online news sites in several languages. African news websites are, in turn, republishing content from Kremlin-sponsored media on a large scale. The narratives are amplified far beyond their original source, the main message being that Moscow is ready to engage with Africa on mutually beneficial terms. Influence-building using social media is another key aspect of Russia’s media strategy in Africa. It is used to sow doubt and build trust in alternative news sources. And, Russian networks are increasingly working with local actors in African countries to better disguise their activities. Interestingly, much of the content being shared on social media by Russian networks is not ‘fake news’, but in most cases is hyper-partisan and polarising." (Abstract)
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"This study sought to assess the hypothesis that age and gender are associated with the VIAMO digital platform usage in our GOAL project UNITLIFE. The study identified significant gender- and age-based differentials in the platform usage. These findings are interpreted as suggestive evidence that mo
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bile phone-based services, while they do offer good platforms to reach underserved communities, they can also generate new inequalities, between age groups and between genders as women and men do not equally access the platforms. There is a risk that certain groups will be left behind by such services. It is evident from literature and our study that barriers to mobile phone ownership and use disproportionately and negatively impact older age groups and women, who tend to belong to the groups that are most likely to be unconnected, such as those who are unemployed or have low literacy levels and are also often affected by social norms which make mobile ownership and use more difficult." (Conclusion)
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"Nepal’s digital ecosystem does not yet meet the needs of all Nepalis and runs the risk of falling further behind. Over the past decade, mobile phones, and mobile internet have become increasingly widespread in Nepal; however, the government’s capacity to implement digital policies and solutions
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has not kept pace with Nepalis’ embrace of the internet. In the coming years, equitable access for all Nepalis, establishment of internet connectivity in remote areas, and safe internet use practices for the digitalization of Nepal’s economy are just some of the key challenges that the country will face." (Executive summary)
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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Tunisia: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 8 pp.
"Past UNESCO support resulted in the establishment of a Monitoring Unit on the Safety of Journalists in partnership with the Union of Tunisian Journalists (Syndicat National des Journalistes Tunisiens (SNJT) and OHCHR, which has been piloted since 2018. Throughout the reporting period, the MDP has p
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rovided support to reinforce this unit, its methodology, and its coordination mechanisms. The Monitoring Unit has since provided monthly and annual reports on attacks against journalists, which include a gender-specific component. It has produced special reports on current issues, such as the electoral period of 2019, the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, and access to information in 2021. Its scope of action was also strengthened in synergy with a project on access to information funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development. Furthermore, the safety of Tunisian journalists was reinforced through a series of capacity-building activities in 2019 and 2020, which included trainings for members of the judiciary on the safety of journalists and the rule of law, workshops on physical safety for women journalists, and workshops on preventing violent extremism and safety." (Page 2)
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An Assessment of the Challenges Associated with Volunteer Workforce Management at Radio Maria Rwanda
Nairobi: Daystar University, Master Thesis (2022), xi, 122 pp.
"This study has been conducted at Radio Maria Rwanda (RMR) for establishing different challenges related to the management of volunteers at RMR, from recruitment to their retention. The study assessed how volunteers are recruited at RMR, what motivated them to volunteer at this radio station, how th
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eir recruitment process influenced their motivation and the challenges that they faced while they worked at RMR. The descriptive research design adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches of data collection from a sample comprising 91 volunteers and 4 staff members of RMR. The data collected were analysed by SPSS and Nvivo software. The findings of the study reveal that the process of volunteer’s recruitment and retention at RMR was characterised by several challenges which required strong strategies to overcome them, such as ineffective communication of volunteering needs at this radio station, insufficient documents on the daily management of volunteers, a high number of unemployed volunteers linked to their ineffective identification and selection, insufficient equipment, lack of regular training and evaluation, etc. The study concludes that several people responded to the call of volunteering at RMR but this radio station necessitated more improvements to strengthen its strategies of volunteers’ management for being more efficient and productive. The study recommends that RMR should redefine its internal strategies of volunteers’ identification, screening and selection as well as their regular evaluation, training, equipment and communicating effectively with them." (Abstract)
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Writing for Journalists
London; New York: Routledge (2022), vii, 159 pp.
"The book offers a systematic approach to news and feature writing that starts with the basics and builds to more complex and longer pieces. The authors give the reader the tools they need to deliver engaging and authoritative writing that works across print and digital. Drawing on professional insi
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ght from writers across the industry, the book guides readers through the essential elements needed to write powerful and effective news stories, from hard news pieces to features on business, science and travel, and entertainment reviews. New to this edition are hands-on writing exercises accompanying each chapter to help reinforce key points; chapters on how to build a professional profle, pitch stories and get commissioned; and a section on online writing, SEO, analytics and writing for social media." (Publisher description)
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Selected Road Safety Stories from Uganda
Kampala: African Centre for Media Excellence (ACME) (2022), vi, 50 pp.
Iranian Feminism and Transnational Ethics in Media Discourse
Lanham: Lexington Books (2022), vii, 137 pp.
"Iranian Feminism and Transnational Ethics in Media Discourse explores how U.S. news and social media discourse hierarchies overshadow transnational feminist politics and reinforce femonationalist narratives, thereby unpacking how protesters' voices on the ground are obscured in favor of elite sourc
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es who reaffirm U.S Islamophobia." (Publisher description)
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Digital Africa: How Big Tech and African Startups Are Reshaping the Continent
Hamburg: German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) (2022), 13 pp.
"In summary, digitalisation is gaining momentum in Africa as the continent experiences significant improvements in its digital infrastructure and a vibrant startup ecosystem. To harness this momentum across society, African governments and their partners will need to strike the right balance between
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policies that attract private investment in Africa’s digital infrastructure and promote local entrepreneurship, innovation, competition, and digital skills, while preventing unregulated new technologies from harming consumers. This will be a major challenge for African governments and their partners, but also a great opportunity for the continent to leap forward in the coming digital century." (Page 11)
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Labelling Fake News: The Politics of Regulating Disinformation in Thailand
Perspective (ISEAS), issue 34 (2022), 14 pp.
"In Thailand, determining what news is true or fake appears to be a political matter. The Thai authorities associate "fake news" with public harm and as a national threat, giving rise to stringent regulatory responses. Official hostility toward "fake news" is influenced by virulent political conflic
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ts that have been played out in off- and online spaces. Since the 2006 coup, various laws to punish those sharing false information and bureaucratic agencies to surveil social media content, have been created. Built on existing legal-bureaucratic tools, the latest anti-fake news regulations will potentially streamline national responses to "fake news" by establishing anti-fake news agencies in every ministry and across 76 governor offices. Such legal-bureaucratic instruments are subject to political misuse through biased identification of false and true information, and discriminatory lawsuits. These are exemplified by the Anti-Fake News Centre whose fact-check system is skewed toward official interpretation of political events, therewith at times dismissing criticisms of the government as false news. In addition, the record of charges against purveyors of "fake news" reveals that opposition politicians and civil society critics are primary targets of the regulatory measures. In contrast, regime-backed cyber troopers who weaponise disinformation against government critics have rarely met the same legal consequences. Political misuse of regulatory measures not only reinforce censorship and autocratic propensities, but also sow public mistrust in official mechanisms to curb disinformation. This sentiment potentially undermines fact-check systems at large, making the public even more vulnerable to disinformation campaigns which genuinely do exist." (Executive summary)
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Misinformation Across Digital Divides: Theory and Evidence from Northern Ghana
African Affairs, volume 121, issue 483 (2022), pp. 161-195
"Social media misinformation is widely recognized as a significant and growing global problem. Yet, little is known about how misinformation spreads across broader media ecosystems, particularly in areas with varying internet access and connectivity. Drawing on research in northern Ghana, we seek to
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address this gap. We argue that ‘pavement media’—the everyday communication of current affairs through discussions in marketplaces, places of worship, bars, and the like and through a range of non-conversational and visual practices such as songs, sermons, and graffiti—is a key link in a broader media ecosystem. Vibrant pavement and traditional media allow for information from social media to quickly cross into offline spaces, creating a distinction not of the connected and disconnected but of first-hand and indirect social media users. This paper sets out how social, traditional, and pavement media form a complex and deeply gendered and socio-economically stratified media ecosystem and investigates its implications for how citizens differentially encounter, process, and respond to misinformation. Based on the findings, we argue that efforts intended to combat the spread of misinformation need to move beyond the Western-centred conception of what constitutes media and take different local modalities of media access and fact-checking into account." (Abstract)
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From State Repression to Fear of non-state Actors: Examining Emerging Threats of Journalism Practice in Ethiopia
Journalism Practice, volume 16, issue 9 (2022), pp. 1909-1926
"Non-state media journalists in Ethiopia traditionally faced safety threats emanating from state-sponsored attacks and punitive legal frameworks. Recently, however, state hostility is being replaced by non-state actors’ aggression against journalists. By framing emerging threats of reporters’ sa
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fety in Ethiopia within normative vis-à-vis alternative debates of journalism practice in the context of transitional, unstable, pluralistic-partizan societies, this study examines the prevalence of non-state actors in remapping threats of journalistic impunity in Ethiopia. Key findings from interviews conducted with editors, reporters, and other practitioners indicate, while the government cannot be ruled out as a safety threat for journalists, there is an emerging consensus that identifies non-state actors such as vigilante groups, influential social media political personalities, and weaponized media as the most perceptible safety risks to journalism practice. Although threat levels vary depending on journalists’ regional affiliation or perceived ethnic identity/political worldview, domestic journalists face increased native othering that amounts to mobility restrictions and physical aggression compared to foreign correspondents." (Abstract)
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